{"id":9728,"date":"2024-04-14T14:04:12","date_gmt":"2024-04-14T14:04:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=9728"},"modified":"2024-04-14T14:04:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T14:04:16","slug":"5-4-20","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/5-4-20\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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1<\/sup> <\/a>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj54\/20<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Transformational leadership and its pioneering and innovative role in municipalities<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tamadur Mahmoud Kamel Al-Aroud1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Ministry of Local Administration\/Great Karak Municipality, Jordan.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj54\/20<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/04\/2024 Accepted at 15\/03\/2024 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The study aimed to explain transformational leadership and its pioneering and innovative role in municipalities. The study addressed the importance of transformational leadership in its role towards encouraging employees to innovate and develop new ways to grow and improve the performance of employees in municipalities. Transformational leadership also helps make employees desire change, improvement and leadership, and helps the team and the municipality achieve Organizational goals and their vision for success, contribute to developing employee performance in the field of information technology, implement important changes that enhance the ability of municipalities to carry out their roles, encourage creativity, innovation and development, and thus improve job performance and demonstrate high-level job performance.<\/p>\n

The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach as it is one of the most widely used approaches in studying human social phenomena, as the descriptive approach is a tool and method for analyzing and describing transformational leadership and its pioneering and innovative role in municipalities.<\/p>\n

The study reached a set of recommendations and results, as the study confirmed that transformational leadership plays a major role in implementing changes and tasks that enhance the ability of municipalities to carry out their roles and tasks. The study recommended that municipalities in the Kingdom should hold workshops and courses that highlight the importance of transformational leadership in municipalities and what they enhance. In improving the performance of its employees.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>transformational leadership, entrepreneurship, innovation, municipalities.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong> : \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646: \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> : \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a , \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 , \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong> \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n
  3. \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u061f<\/li>\n
    2. \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/li>\n
    3. \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 ,\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641. [1]<\/a><\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 :<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 :<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u061f \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629.[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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        \n
      1. \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 – \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f.<\/li>\n
      2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 . \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
      3. \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a : \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n
      4. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (IT) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
      5. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 . \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c “\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b”. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0647.[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
      6. \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 – \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f.<\/li>\n
      7. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 : \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u062a\u0647.[13]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
      8. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0630\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 , \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a.[14]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0622\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a : [15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n
        2. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
        3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n
        4. \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n
        5. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :[16]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643.<\/li>\n
          2. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n
          3. \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0639\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629, \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n
          4. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/li>\n
          5. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
          6. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n
          7. \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628.[18]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629”): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :[19]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n
            2. \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n
            3. \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.[20]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
            4. \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:[21]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n
              2. \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
              3. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n
              4. \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n
              5. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647<\/li>\n
              6. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644”. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629” \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644” \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a :\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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                \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634. \u064a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631, \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 “\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f”. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.[29]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

                \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 “\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631” \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 “\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f”\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.[30]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

                \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

                \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :[31]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

                1. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

                2. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n

                3. \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

                4. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u0649. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647. \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n

                5. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

                6. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633: \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

                7. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n

                8. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0645\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627.[33]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

                9. \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b :\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

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                \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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                \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

                \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

                \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

                \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n
                2. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
                3. \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n
                4. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/li>\n
                5. \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
                6. \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n
                  2. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n
                  3. \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a.<\/li>\n
                  4. \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                  5. \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0647 , \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646(2011). \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f12 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f02\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629. (2007(\u00a0\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d ,\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a.(2010 (\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0.\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0630 \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2016). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0636\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 ( 2018). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 ,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f33\u0651 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f71 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632. (2013). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 56(5): 1192- 1216.\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u063a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0632\u063a\u0628\u064a\u060c (2015\u060c( \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f11 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f1 \u060c 23-57.\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646(2000). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0628\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646( 2011). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 35 \u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a, \u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 (2002). \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629-\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633, \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 ( 2010). \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631,\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 , \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0639\u0629( 2012). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644 – \u0645\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a , \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 (2010). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u06372 \u060c\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f 2008). \u062f\u0648 \u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013\u063a\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/p>\n

                    \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 (2017). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a , \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 , \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 (2014). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 14 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2007 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 2178 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4820 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8\/4\/2007<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646(2005). \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 ” \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c .\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0646 (2011 ) \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. )\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 , \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0639\u062f (2011.)\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629. ,\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 , \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 (2020). \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u061f 1, \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631, \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                    \u0646\u062c\u0645 ,\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0645(2003). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 (.2004) \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 ,1 , \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p>\n

                    \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644.( 2011). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a (2001) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0640\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 21 ,\u0645\u0635\u0631, \u063512<\/p>\n

                    \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (2013). \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629, 9, \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                    \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Dayoub, Ayman.( 2014.) Employee Empowerment As on Approach to Quality of Work Life improvement in Communication sector (empirical study), Damascus University Journal for Economic and Legal Sciences, 1(30): 195-224<\/p>\n

                    Luton, B. (2010). Transformational Leadership & Organizational commitment: A Study of UNC System Business School Department Chairs. PhD Dissertation. Capella University, USA.<\/p>\n

                    uan, F., and Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: the role of performance and image outcome expectations. Acad. Manag. J. 53, 323\u2013342. doi: 10.5465\/amj.2010.49388995<\/p>\n

                    Victor, J., & Lebopoldo, G.(2011). Transformational Leadership Influence on Organizational Perfoemance through Organizational Learning and Innovation. Journal of Business Research,2 (3):562-578.<\/p>\n

                    Xenikou, A. (2017). Transformational leadership, transactional contingent reward, and organizational identification: the mediating effect of perceived innovation and goal culture orientations. Front. Psychol. 8:1754.<\/p>\n

                    Yoshida, D. T., Sendjaya, S., Hirst, G., and Cooper, B. (2014). Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality. J. Bus. Res. 67, 1395\u20131404. doi<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \n

                      – Xenikou, A. (2017). Transformational leadership, transactional contingent reward, and organizational identification: the mediating effect of perceived innovation and goal culture orientations. Front. Psychol. 8:1754. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    2. \n

                      – \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 (2020). \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u061f 1, \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631, \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    3. \n

                      – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 , \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0639\u0629( 2012). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644 – \u0645\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a , \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    4. \n

                      – \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 14 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2007 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 2178 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4820 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8\/4\/2007 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    5. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u060c(2012 ). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    6. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 (2014). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    7. \n

                      – \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 (2017). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a , \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 , \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    8. \n

                      – Luton, B. (2010). Transformational Leadership & Organizational commitment: A Study of UNC System Business School Department Chairs. PhD Dissertation. Capella University, USA. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    9. \n

                      – \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644.( 2011). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    10. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a (2001) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0640\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 21 ,\u0645\u0635\u0631, \u063512 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    11. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0639\u062f (2011.)\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629. ,\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 , \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    12. \n

                      – \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f 2008). \u062f\u0648 \u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013\u063a\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    13. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646(2000). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0628\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    14. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 (2010). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u06372 \u060c\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    15. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a, \u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 (2002). \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629-\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    16. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0636\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 ( 2018). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 ,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f33\u0651 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f71 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    17. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632. (2013). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 56(5): 1192- 1216.\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    18. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a.(2010 (\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0.\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    19. \n

                      – Victor, J., & Lebopoldo, G.(2011). Transformational Leadership Influence on Organizational Perfoemance through Organizational Learning and Innovation. Journal of Business Research,2 (3):562-578. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    20. \n

                      – \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633, \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 ( 2010). \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631,\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    21. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646( 2011). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 35 \u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    22. \n

                      – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 , \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0639\u0629( 2012). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644 – \u0645\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a , \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    23. \n

                      – uan, F., and Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: the role of performance and image outcome expectations. Acad. Manag. J. 53, 323\u2013342. doi: 10.5465\/amj.2010.49388995 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    24. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 (.2004) \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 ,1 , \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    25. \n

                      – \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (2021). \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643.. \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0639\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629, 8 , \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644 , \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    26. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u063a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0632\u063a\u0628\u064a\u060c (2015\u060c( \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f11 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f1 \u060c 23-57.\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    27. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0630 \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2016). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    28. \n

                      – \u0646\u062c\u0645 ,\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0645(2003). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    29. \n

                      – Yoshida, D. T., Sendjaya, S., Hirst, G., and Cooper, B. (2014). Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality. J. Bus. Res. 67, 1395\u20131404. doi \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    30. \n

                      – \u0646\u062c\u0645 ,\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0645(2003). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    31. \n

                      – \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (2013). \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629, 9, \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    32. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 (.2004) \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 ,1 , \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    33. \n

                      – \u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0646 (2011 ) \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. )\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 , \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    34. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646(2005). \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 ” \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c .\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    35. \n

                      – Dayoub, Ayman.( 2014.) Employee Empowerment As on Approach to Quality of Work Life improvement in Communication sector (empirical study), Damascus University Journal for Economic and Legal Sciences, 1(30): 195-224 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    36. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629. (2007(\u00a0\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d ,\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    37. \n

                      – \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0647 , \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646(2011). \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f12 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f02\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    38. \n

                      – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 , \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0639\u0629( 2012). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644 – \u0645\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a , \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    39. \n

                      – \u0646\u062c\u0645 ,\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0645(2003). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    40. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a.(2010 (\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0.\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                    41. \n

                      – \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0636\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 ( 2018). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 ,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f33\u0651 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f71 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      \u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u062f1 1 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. HNSJ, 2024, 5(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj54\/20 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/04\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9728","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9728"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9728\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9731,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9728\/revisions\/9731"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}