{"id":9640,"date":"2024-04-01T09:23:38","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T09:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=9640"},"modified":"2024-04-01T09:23:42","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T09:23:42","slug":"5-4-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/5-4-3\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 61004\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 62004\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n

Email: pgsagr.sadeq.hasnawi@uobasrah.edu.iq<\/a> ; zena.issa@uobasrah.edu.iq<\/a> ; alaa.abd@uobasrah.edu.iq<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj54\/3<\/p>\n

Download<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/04\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 08\/03\/2024\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

An overview of aspartic protease from classification to characterization<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sadeq Fenjan Hasnawi1,2<\/sup>, Zena Kadhim AL-Younis1<\/sup>, Alaa Jabbar Abd Al-Manhel 1<\/sup> <\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup>Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq;<\/p>\n

2<\/sup>Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Misan 62004, Iraq<\/p>\n

pgsagr.sadeq.hasnawi@uobasrah.edu.iq<\/a> ; zena.issa@uobasrah.edu.iq<\/a> ; alaa.abd@uobasrah.edu.iq<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj54\/3<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/04\/2024 Accepted at 08\/03\/2024 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The demand for enzymes in industrial sectors is increasing rapidly due to their economic and environmental advantages , Microorganisms produce different types of enzymes, and among these enzymes are protease enzymes produced from microbial sources as a result of the low cost and high production rate, which have gained special interest in the industrial sectors ,In this review, we summarized the information about the classification of proteases based on the amino acids present in the active site or on the basis of their mineral requirements. The proteases were divided into four groups, which are aspartic proteases, serine, cysteine, and threonine. Proteases were also divided according to pH into three sections: proteases. Acidic, basic and neutral , As well as identifying the most important sources of protease production, studying the structure and mechanism of action of aspartic protease, the factors affecting the production of protease from fungi, and purifying and characterizing aspartic protease.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a (Pawar et al<\/em>., 2023)<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (Koistinen et al<\/em>., 2023) . \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Couture, 2023) \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645 (Kalaiselvan et al<\/em>., 2023) \u060c \u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 (Dasari et al<\/em>., 2023) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Dudani et al<\/em>., 2018) \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 (Erekat, 2022; Zhang et al<\/em>., 2023). \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (Naveed et al<\/em>., 2021) . \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 Proteolysis enzyme \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629, \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a (Patil et al<\/em>.,2012; Al-Manhel<\/strong>.,2017 ). \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a . <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a Classification of protease<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a hydrolases \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0647 Endopeptidases \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 Exopeptidases (Pawar et al<\/em>., 2023) .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong> Exopeptidases<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 Amino Peptidase \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 N \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 Carboxyl Peptidase \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 C \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Mienda et al<\/em>.,2014) .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 Endopeptidases <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 N \u0648 C (Mienda et al<\/em>.,2014) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 (proteinase)\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a (EC 3.4.11-24) \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 aspartic \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 serine \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 cystein \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 threonine \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Mamo and Assefa., 2018 , Rawlings and Salvesen.,2013) .<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 Aspartic protease (EC 3.4.23) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 (Gurumallesh et al<\/em>., 2019). \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 Acid Proteases \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 Carboxylic Proteases (Majid, 2017) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 ( 3-5 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 30 \u2013 45 ) \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 (40-55 ) \u0645\u0652 ( (Gimenes<\/strong> et al<\/em>.,2021 ; Mamo and Assefa, 2018 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u060c Aspergillus oryzae<\/em> \u060c Aspergillus awamori<\/em> \u060c Aspergillus fumigates <\/em>\u060c Aspergillus saitoi <\/em>\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a (Wei<\/strong> et al<\/em>.,2023)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 pepstatin Mamo et al<\/em>., 2020) ).<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 Metallo protease ( EC 3.4.24)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0632 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (EDTA ) Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0647 Singh et al<\/em>.,2016) ) \u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 ( 5-7) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 19-37 ) \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 (65-85 ) \u0645\u0652 ( (Mamo and Assefa, 2018 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 Thermolysin \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacillus thermoprotoolyticus <\/em>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 Zn+2 <\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 (Razzaq et al<\/em>.,2019) .<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 Serein protease) )( EC 3.4.21) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 ) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 (Majid, 2017) \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 EDTA \u0648 triamino acetic acid \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (6-11) \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 ( 18 \u2013 35 ) \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (50-70 ) \u0645\u0652 ( (Mamo and Assefa, 2018 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (Majid, 2017) \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a Pseudoalteromonas<\/em>, Psychrobacter<\/em> photobacterium<\/em> , Vibrio<\/em> , halobacillus<\/em> , Bacillus<\/em> , Microbulbifer<\/em> , and shewanella<\/em>. \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 Vibrio etschnikovii<\/em> \u060c Bacillus <\/em>sp. CEMB10370 \u060c Pseudomonas <\/em>sp. \u060c Bacillus alcalophilus<\/em> LW8 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus tamari<\/em> ) Banerjee & Ray, 2017 ( .<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 (Cysteine protease) ( EC 3.4.22) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 ( (Mamo and Assefa, 2018 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0644 Thiol\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0644 Sulfhydryl \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0644 (sulfhydryl reagent) \u0645\u062b\u0644 iodoacetamide \u0648iodacetic acid \u0648TLCK \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 (chelating agent) \u0645\u062b\u0644 EDTA (Majid, 2017)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 (5- 8) \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a (34-35) \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 (40-55) \u0645\u0652 ( (Mamo and Assefa, 2018\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Bacillus <\/em>spp.<\/em> (Razzaq et al<\/em>.,2019)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 Papain \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 bromelain \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 Chymopapin \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 ficin \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646 Caricain \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a (Majid, 2017). \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

          \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n

          (;Majid.,2017 Gurumallesh et<\/em> al<\/em>.;2019 ( Mamo and Assefa, 2018 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\nEC<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

          KDa<\/strong><\/td>\n

          		pH<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n

          		\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649<\/strong><\/td>\n

          		\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/td>\n3.4.21<\/strong><\/td>\n18-35<\/strong><\/td>\n6-11<\/strong><\/td>\n50-70<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 <\/strong><\/td>\nEDTA ,<\/p>\n

          triamino acetic acid<\/td>\n

          		Bacillus<\/em>, Aspergillus<\/em>, Animal tissue (gut), Tritirachium album<\/em> (thermostable)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0644 <\/strong><\/td>\n3.4.22<\/strong><\/td>\n34-35<\/strong><\/td>\n5-8<\/strong><\/td>\n40-55<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/td>\nIodoacetamide,<\/p>\n

          p-<\/em>CMB<\/td>\n

          		Aspergillus<\/em>, stem of pineapple (Ananas comosus<\/em>), latex of fig tree (Ficus <\/em>sp), papaya (Carica papaya<\/em>), Streptococcus<\/em>, Clostridium<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 <\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 <\/strong><\/td>\n

          		3.4.23<\/strong><\/td>\n30-45<\/strong><\/td>\n2-5<\/strong><\/td>\n40-55<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u060c <\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643<\/strong><\/td>\n

          		Pepstatin<\/td>\nAspergillus<\/em>, Mucor<\/em>, Endothia<\/em>, Rhizopus<\/em>, Pencillium<\/em>, Neurospora<\/em>, animal tissue (stomach)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\n3.4.24<\/strong><\/td>\n19-37<\/strong><\/td>\n5-7<\/strong><\/td>\n65-85<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/td>\nEDTA and<\/p>\n

          EGTA<\/td>\n

          		Bacillus<\/em>,<\/p>\n

          Aspergillus<\/em>,<\/p>\n

          Pencillium<\/em>,<\/p>\n

          Pseudomonas<\/em>,<\/p>\n

          Streptomyces<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a: (Gimenes<\/strong> et al<\/em>., 2021 , Solanki <\/strong>et al<\/em>.,2021):<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 Acid proteases : <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 renin \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 pepsin \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 papain \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 bromelain \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 ficin \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a ( 3 \u2013 5.6 ) (Machado et al<\/em>., 2016; Razzaq et al<\/em>., 2019) . \u062a\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u064a Aspergillus<\/em> \u0648Penicillium<\/em> \u0648Endothia<\/em> \u0648Mucor<\/em> (Mammo and Assefa, 2018). \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 (Mandujano-Gonz\u00e1lez et al<\/em>. 2016) . \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062c da Silva et al<\/em>. (2016) \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Rhizomucor miehei<\/em>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 (Souza et al<\/em>. (2017 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus foetidus<\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 (5 ) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 (55 ) \u0645\u0652 .<\/p>\n

            2- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 Neutral proteases : <\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (7 ) \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0649\u0621 (Contesini et al<\/em>. 2017; Razzaq et al<\/em>. 2019). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 (Razzaq et al<\/em>. 2019) . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 Ao et al<\/em>. (2018) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus oryzae <\/em>Y1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a ( 45 ) \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (7) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 ( 55) \u0645\u0652 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 (De Oliveira et al<\/em>. (2020 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Moorella speciosa<\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 ( 7) .<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 Alkaline proteases :<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a ( 8 \u2013 12 ) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a subtilisin \u060c Carlsberg \u0648 subtilisin novo\u0648\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacillus<\/em> (Contesini et al<\/em>. 2017) . \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633 B. subtilis <\/em>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0629 (Zhang et al<\/em>. 2017) . \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633 Bacillus<\/em> \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u0627\u0645 Mothe and Sultanpuram (2016) \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 B. caseinilyticus . <\/em>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633 Bacillus<\/em> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Streptomyces<\/em> sp. Solanki <\/strong>et al<\/em>., 2021) ) . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (Sharma ., 2019)\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062c ) da Silva et al<\/em>. (2018 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus tamarii URM4634 <\/em>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (8) .<\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 Candida tropicalis <\/em> \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 320 -340 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 215 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 32 \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 (sheet \u03b2-) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (helices – \u03b1 ) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 ( 2 ) Theron.,2014 )) .<\/p>\n

              \"\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2) \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 Candida tropicalis<\/em> Theron,2014 ) )<\/p>\n

              \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Couture, 2023). \u0627\u0642\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a _ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a Acid \u2013 base catalysis \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a Covalent catalysis \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a Metal ion catalysis \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a Electrostatic catalysis \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 Acid-base catalysis \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3) \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 32 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 215 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 ) (–<\/sup>oH \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 32 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u062a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 (Brik and Wong , 2003 , Coates et al<\/em> ,2008 , Wangsell ,2006) .<\/p>\n

              \"\u0627\u0627\u0627\u0627.JPG\"<\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643 ( Coates<\/strong> et al<\/em>.,2008 )<\/p>\n

              \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 Sources of protease production <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Naveed et al<\/em>., 2021) .<\/p>\n

              1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 Trypsin \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 Chemotrypsin \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 Renein \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 Pepsin \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 Singh et al<\/em>.,2016) ). \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (Gimenes et al<\/em>., 2021). \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a N Jisha et al<\/em>.,2013) ). \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 Dadshahi et al<\/em>.,(2016) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a ( 7-9 ) .<\/p>\n

              2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Singh et al<\/em>., 2016). \u062a\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0633 Bromeliaceae<\/em> \u0648Carica papaya <\/em>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u060c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0627 (Gimenes et al<\/em>., 2021) . \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0632 Keratinase\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 Singh et al<\/em>., 2016)). \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 (2016) Sun et al<\/em>. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0627 .<\/p>\n

              3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 (Bhatia et al<\/em>. 2021 ; Putatunda et al<\/em>. 2019). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Gurumallesh et<\/em> al<\/em>.;2019) ( \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u060c\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 (Jadhav et al<\/em>. 2020; Hakim et al. 2018; Ash et al<\/em>. 2018; Prajapati et al<\/em>. 2017) .<\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Usman et al<\/em>.,2021) \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 etal<\/em>.,2020) Mamo ) \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 (Novelli et al<\/em>., 2016) .<\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 (Yin et al<\/em>.,2020;Patil et al<\/em>.,2012 ) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 ,\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 Pepsin like acid protease \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus <\/em>(aspergillopepsin, EC 3.4.23.18) \u0648 Penicillium \u0648 Rhizopus<\/em> ( rhizopuspepsin, EC 3.4.23.21 ) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 (Souza et al<\/em>.,2017) \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 Rennin like acid protease \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Mucor<\/em> \u0648 Rhizomucor<\/em> \u0648Rhizopus<\/em> ( mucorpepsin, EC 3.4.23.23) ) \u0648Endothia parasitica<\/em> (endothiapepsin, EC 3.4.23.22) (Aljammas et al<\/em>.,2018; Daudi et al<\/em>.,2015;) \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 proteases aspartic (EC 3.4.23 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 Mamo et al<\/em>.,2020) ) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (5-2) \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (6) ( Mamo and Assefa, 2018;Sun etal.,2018; Purushothaman etal.,2019;Yujie et al.<\/em>,2019 ) .<\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0630 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a 30% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a (dos et al<\/em>., 2018) . \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629, \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b (Othman et al<\/em>., 2023) . \u0623\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 ( Hamza et al<\/em>., 2023). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645NH4Cl \u060c\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (CaCl2) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 (Aunstrup et al<\/em>., 1979). \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 Othman et al<\/em>. (2023) \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 Bano et al<\/em>. (2016) \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0637\u0631 Pleurotus eryngii <\/em>\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 0.5% \u0633\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06481% \u0643\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 . \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 ( Bensmail et al<\/em>., 2015) \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 12 \u2013 15 % \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Luti et al<\/em>., 2014). \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 Othman et al<\/em>. (2023) \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u064a 1:0.75 .<\/p>\n

              \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a (Othman et al<\/em>. 2023) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 (Whitaker , 1972) .<\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0648\u0636\u062d Bensmail et al<\/em>. (2015) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0641\u0646 A. niger<\/em> FFB1 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 4 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 4 , \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0643\u0631 Chahrazad et al<\/em>. (2021) \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f )3 ( pH=\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 3 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 7 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Mamo et al<\/em>. (2020) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus oryzae<\/em> DRDFS13 \u0647\u0648 (pH =5) . \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 (Banerjee et al<\/em>., 2017) \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a, \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (Othman et al <\/em>. (2023 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger <\/em>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 35 \u0645\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f 45 \u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 (Khademi et al <\/em>. (2013 \u0648 Foda et al <\/em>. (2012) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 A. niger<\/em> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (30) \u0645\u0652, \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 (2020) Chimbekujwo et al<\/em> \u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus brasiliensis <\/em>BCW2. \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a 30 \u0645\u0652, \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 , \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 (Othman et al <\/em>. 2023). \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 (Chimbekujwo et al <\/em>. ( 2020 1 \u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus brasiliensis <\/em>\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 Bensmail <\/strong>et al<\/em>. ( 2015) \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger <\/em>\u0643\u0627\u0646 1 \u00d7 106<\/sup> \u0628\u0648\u063a \/ \u0645\u0644 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0623\u0630 \u062a\u064b\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a (Park et al <\/em>. 1979). \u0623\u0630 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Chimbekujwo et al<\/em>. ( 2020 \u0627\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Aspergillus brasiliensis <\/em>BCW2 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f 72 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631Usman et<\/em> al<\/em>. (2021) \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 120 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 .<\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 (Banerjee et al<\/em>., 2020) \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0649\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0647 (Fairooz et al<\/em>., 2021)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a Dialysis \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 Ultra Filtration \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a Gel filtration . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a Ion-exchange chromatography (Kamal et al<\/em>. 2017). <\/strong> \u0642\u0627\u0645 ( 2020 ) . Mamo et al<\/em> \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus<\/em> oryzae <\/em><\/strong>DRDFS13 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a (IEC) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f DEAE Sepharose fast flow \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (477.11 ) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 ( 183.50 ) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 6.20 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 9.2 % . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 ( 2014 ) . Hsiao et al<\/em> \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Rhizopus oryzae <\/em>\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 AKTA Purifier 10 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f Q Sepharose \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 22 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 90.6 % \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f Phenyl Sepharose \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 3.4 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 58.8% .<\/p>\n

              \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a Gel-Filtration \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 SDS \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 Ultracentrifuge \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a Devi and Hemalatha ,2014) (.<\/p>\n

                \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2023 ) . Wei et al<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger <\/em> \u0647\u0648 50 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 SDS \u2013 PAGE . \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 Ao et al<\/em> .,(2018) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus oryzae <\/em>Y1 \u0647\u0648 45 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis . \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 ( 2020 ), Chimbekujwo et al <\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus brasiliensis <\/em>BCW2\u0647\u0648 68 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062d\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 SDS \u2013 PAGE .<\/p>\n

                \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 ( 2023 ) . <\/em>Tarek et al<\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacillus siamensis<\/em> CSB55 \u0647\u0648 25 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis . \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2021 ) . <\/em>Karray et al <\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacillus stearothermophilus<\/em> \u0647\u0648 28 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 Devi and Hemalatha . (2014) \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0648 54 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a Gel- Filtration \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f Sephadex G-200 . \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d . (2013) Al-Soufi\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u064a Lactuca<\/em> serriola<\/em> L. \u0647\u0648 31000 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a Gel- Filtration \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f Sephacryl S-200 . \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 (2011) Yadav \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a Euphorbia neriifolia<\/em> Linn 35.24 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a Electrophoresis \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062d\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 SDS \u2013 PAGE .<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 (Kuddus., 2018 ) \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0649\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062e Denaturation \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 (Segel,1976) . \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 Mamo et al<\/em>. (2020) \u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646Aspergillus oryzae <\/em>DRDFS13 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 4.5- 6.5 ) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0646 5 . \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f ( 2021). Guo et al<\/em> \u0625\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Penicillium<\/em> sp. XT7 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 3-6)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 3 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 ( 2021 ) . Karray et al<\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacillus stearothermophilus <\/em>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 7- 11 ) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 10 . \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2023 ) . Wei et al \u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 2- 5 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 3 . \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 (Hsiao et al <\/em>. (2014 \u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Rhizopus oryzae <\/em>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 3- 3.6 ) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 (3.4) . \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2020 ) Chimbekujwo et al.<\/em> \u0625\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus brasiliensis <\/em>strain BCW2 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 4- 6 ) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 9 .<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0623\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 ( Segel ,1976 ; Whitaker ,1972) .<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2023 ) . Wei et al <\/em>\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 50 \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 81% \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 60 \u0645 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 65 \u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 30- 50 \u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 3 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f 50 \u0645\u0652 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f 60 \u0645\u0652 . \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 ( 2021) . Guo et al<\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 Penicillium<\/em> sp. XT7 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 30 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 86.8% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f 50 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Souza et al<\/em>. (2017 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus foetidus<\/em> \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0648 (55 ) \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 (30-60 ) \u0645 .<\/p>\n

                    \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 (Sampaio et al<\/em>. (2011 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus clavatus <\/em>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (20-65 ) \u0645\u0652 \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0648 (55 ) \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (30-60 ) \u0645 . \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2023 ) . Tarek et al <\/em>\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Bacillus siamensis<\/em> CSB55 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 55 \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (30-80 ) \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 80% \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 40 \u064850 \u064860 \u064870 \u064880 \u0645\u0652 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 16 \u064814 \u064810 \u06486 \u06484 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 50% \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0636\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 80 \u0648 90 \u0645\u0652 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 4 \u06482 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a .<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (Vmax) \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633(Km) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633 (Km) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633 (Km) \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 .,2000) Copeland ) .<\/p>\n

                      \u0628\u064a\u0646 Purushothaman et al <\/em>. (2019) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 ) \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 0- 2 % ) \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Lineweaver- Burk plot. \u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (Km) \u0648) Vmax (\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 6.3 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \/ \u0645\u0644 (98.52 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u060c \u0648 50 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644 \/ \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 4 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 60 \u0645\u0652 . \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 Ao et al<\/em>. (2018) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 ) \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 0.5 – 3 ) \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \/ \u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 7 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 55 \u0645\u0652 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Lineweaver- Burk. \u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 Km \u0648 Vmax \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus oryzae <\/em>Y1 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/em>20.0769 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \/\u0645\u0644 \u0648 256.4103 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \/ \u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a . \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2023 ) . Wei et al<\/em> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 ) \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 0.2 – 3 ) \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \/ \u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 3 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 40 \u0645\u0652 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Lineweaver- Burk. \u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (Km) \u0648) Vmax (\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger<\/em> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/em>2.44 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \/\u0645\u0644 \u0648 83.54 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 ( 2015 ) . Niyonzima et al<\/em> \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (Km) \u0648) Vmax (\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus terreus<\/em> gr \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 5.4 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \/\u0645\u0644 \u0648 12.8 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 11 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 50 \u0645\u0652 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Lineweaver- Burk. .<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a Activators \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a Inhibitor \u060c (Usharani et al<\/em>., 2010). \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 Panesar et al<\/em>.,2006) ( .<\/p>\n

                        \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 ( 2020 ) . Song et al <\/em>\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a Cu2+ <\/sup> \u0648 Mn2+<\/sup> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Aspergillus niger <\/em>F0215 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 . \u0630\u0643\u0631 ( 2014 ) . Devi and HemaLatha \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 Cucumis melo <\/em>Var agrestis \u0642\u062f \u062b\u064f\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0636\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 5 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PMSF \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0636\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 EDTA .<\/p>\n

                        \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 Marcial et al<\/em>. (2011) \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0637\u0631 Amylomyces rouxii \u060c<\/em> \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 3 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 73% \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 1 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 PMSF \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 12% \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 1 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 EDTA \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 20% . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 (Hsiao et al. (2014 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 EDTA \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0646 Rhizopus oryzae <\/em>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a 3.4 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 35 \u0645\u0652 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 Pepstatin A \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 1 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 Ca2+<\/sup> \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 1 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a Zn2+ <\/sup> \u0648Ni2+<\/sup> \u0648 Cu2+<\/sup>\u0648Mn2+<\/sup> \u0648Co2+<\/sup> \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 .<\/p>\n

                        \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0630 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0633 Aspergillus .<\/p>\n

                        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

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