{"id":7010,"date":"2023-04-30T20:50:25","date_gmt":"2023-04-30T20:50:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=7010"},"modified":"2023-04-30T20:50:30","modified_gmt":"2023-04-30T20:50:30","slug":"4-5-20","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/4-5-20\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062f. \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: alouihiba@hotmail.fr<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4520<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The impact of the effectiveness of the Belt and Road Initiative on strengthening Sino-Arab cooperation relations<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Hiba Aloui1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1Center for Egyptian Studies, School of History, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China<\/p>\n

Email: alouihiba@hotmail.fr<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4520<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/05\/2023 Accepted at 18\/04\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

There are challenges afflicting the global economy, which is recovering very slowly as a result of the unilateral policies resulting from capitalist globalization, which some countries pursue with the aim of subjugating others and controlling their goods, capabilities, and sovereign decisions, especially towards third world countries. China, since adopting the policy of reform and openness, has been committed to formulating a new development concept, to overcome the problem of unbalanced development, the widening gap between the rich and the poor, the marginalization of the Third World, and the association of Western aid with unfair political conditions, without respect for the political, social and economic systems of countries.<\/p>\n

Accordingly, Chinese President Xi Jinping, during his visit to Indonesia in 2013, launched the Belt and Road Initiative, with the aim of building an economic belt along the ancient Silk Road three thousand years ago, to link China with the three continents: Asia, Europe and Africa. This initiative came in order to strengthen relations of cooperation and economic exchange, and to achieve stability, prosperity and development for all. This initiative was considered one of the most important tributaries of the success of the new Chinese foreign policy, “the effective of Chinese diplomacy” towards others, especially in the Middle East region.<\/p>\n

This study aimed to identify and evaluate the impact of the effective of Belt and Road Initiative in strengthening Chinese-Arab cooperation relations, especially the development of economic cooperation and exchange, political diplomatic relations, cultural and media relations. Where the features of the experience with Tunisia will be identified in terms of development, and the features of the experience with Palestine in terms of politics, related to the stability of the Chinese position towards resolving the Palestinian issue, and the achievement of the political goals of the Palestinians according to a political solution based on international law, as China believes that peace is achieved through achieve development. In addition, identifying the challenges and obstacles that prevent achieving the goals of the initiative in the required manner towards the Arab region.<\/p>\n

The study concluded that the Belt and Road Initiative, as one of the most important motives for the effective of Chinese diplomacy towards the Middle East region, is effective and stable, and has worked to strengthen Chinese-Arab relations and ties at all levels. On the other hand, others believe that China seeks, through those initiatives and ideas that represent its foreign policy, to lead the world to safety in order to achieve stability and growth with the aim of achieving mutual benefit, respecting and protecting the sovereignty of countries and non-interference in their affairs, protecting international peace and security and achieving victory and a common destiny for all.<\/p>\n

This study will depend on the historical method and the content analysis method.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>China, Arab countries, Tunisia, Palestine, the Belt and Road Initiative, sustainable security and development.<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642” \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642” \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642” \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Long, Ding. “\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642: \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \/ The Belt and Road Initiative: Origin and Objectives” Chinese and Arab Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, 2021, pp. 81-89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/caas-2021-2008.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/caas-2021-2008\/html<\/p>\n

2. \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/arabic.people.com.cn\/n3\/2016\/0114\/c31664-9003499.html<\/p>\n

http:\/\/ar.shisu.edu.cn\/resources\/news\/content3720<\/p>\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f (2020). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.dohainstitute.org\/ar\/BooksAndJournals\/Pages\/Chinese-Strategy-toward-the-Arab-Countries.aspx<\/p>\n

4. \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 289\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/repository.inp.edu.eg\/bitstream\/handle\/123456789\/4565\/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%20%28%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A9%29.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y<\/p>\n

5. \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a (2022). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u060c \u06354.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/espesl.journals.ekb.eg\/article_260511_ecd63124031240bbc48e60ca03424f99.pdf<\/p>\n

6. \u064a\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0648 (2017). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a- \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2017\u060c \u0635194-199.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/880591<\/p>\n

7. \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0634\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c 14 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.cnr.cn<\/p>\n

8. \u062e\u0647 \u064a\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a (2017). \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.ccps.gov.cn\/<\/h3>\n

9. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a (2020). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.dohainstitute.org\/ar\/BooksAndJournals\/Pages\/China and-the-Middle-East-A-Historical-Study-on-China-Evolving-Position.aspx<\/p>\n

10. \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2007). \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f35\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f1\u060c \u063563-89.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/27463\/Details<\/p>\n

11. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2015). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1949-2013)\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 (7)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u2013 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a “\u0645\u0627\u0633”\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u060c \u0635 4-78. 130\u0635.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/library.mas.ps\/records\/index\/1\/22469<\/p>\n

12. China\u2019s Xi calls for creation of Palestinian State, Aljazeera Channel.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/1\/22\/chinas-xi-calls-for-creation-of-palestinian-state<\/p>\n

13. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 19.7.2017\u060c \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/arabic.news.cn\/2017-07\/19\/c_136454055.htm<\/p>\n

14. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (2022). \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633: \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643”\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 17:50 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.maannews.net\/news\/2082931.html<\/p>\n

15. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (2022). \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0634\u064a: \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 67 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 17:58 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.maannews.net\/news\/2082929.html<\/p>\n

16. Zhang, Chuchu (2020). Potential to leap forward? Interrogating the relations between China and Tunisia, Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, Vol14, Issue4, P594-606.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/25765949.2020.1847853?scroll=top&needAccess=true&role=tab<\/p>\n

17. Embassy of the People\u2019s Republic in China in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Xi Jinping Meets with Tunisia President Kais Saied, 9 Dec 2022.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/nl.china-embassy.gov.cn\/eng\/zgyw\/202212\/t20221211_10988768.htm<\/p>\n

18. \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0628\u0629 (2022). \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f13\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f14\u060c \u06351-33.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/jocu.journals.ekb.eg\/article_212824.html<\/p>\n

19. \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (2019). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n