{"id":6495,"date":"2023-03-08T08:16:28","date_gmt":"2023-03-08T08:16:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=6495"},"modified":"2023-03-08T08:16:33","modified_gmt":"2023-03-08T08:16:33","slug":"4-3-53","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/4-3-53\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: zgoool2004@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4353<\/p>\n

Download
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/02\/2023\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Green chemistry and its use in local community and municipal projects<\/strong><\/p>\n

E. Muna Ahmad Abdelqader Al_Zghoul1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Head of Studies Department, Greater Ajloun Municipality, Jordan<\/p>\n

Email: zgoool2004@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4353<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/03\/2023 Accepted at 15\/02\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The study addressed the problem of pollution resulting from industries and chemical processes and their negative impact on the health of individuals and the surrounding environment. It explained that the optimal solution to this problem comes through green chemistry, which relies on the use of environmentally friendly green materials and improving industrial processes. By using green solutions, local communities and municipalities can improve the quality of air, water, soil, and preserve the environment and natural resources. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of adopting green chemistry to address the problem of chemical pollution and preserve the environment and public health. The current study aims to achieve a set of important objectives in the field of green chemistry, as it aims to identify the concept of green chemistry and its importance in preserving the environment, and to identify the types of green technologies used in industries and how to use them in the local community and municipal projects. The study also aims to identify the challenges that may be faced in applying green chemistry in the local community and municipal projects and seeks to shed light on the importance of green chemistry and its role in protecting the environment and achieving sustainable development in local communities and municipalities.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>Green chemistry, Local community projects, Municipalities<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 (Soran et al.,2000). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 (Graham et al.,2014).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a (G\u00fcnter and Alpat,2017).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (,2002 Lankey).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 (Cardenas et al. 2004).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629). \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 (Karpudewan, Ismail, and Mohamed,2011).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 12 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627” \u0623\u0648 “\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621” \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b (Marteel-Parrish,2014).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f (Lee, Gurney, and Soltzberg,2014).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0633\u0646 (2012) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 ( (untunen and Aksela,2014 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (LCA) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (UNEP,2011).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Anastas & Warner,1998).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a (Zhang & Zhao, 2021).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (Achilias et al.,2018).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (Kostopoulou et al.,2020).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 (Chemat et al.,2017).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (Edgar et al. 2014).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

1- \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

      \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n
      2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
      3. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
      4. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n
      5. <\/a> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

        1- \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

        2- \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

        3- \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

        4- \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

        5- \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

        \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/p>\n

        \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 12 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

        \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

        \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n
        2. \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n
        3. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n
        4. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644.<\/strong><\/li>\n
        5. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n
          2. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/li>\n
          3. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

            \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
            2. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n
            3. \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n
            4. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/li>\n
            5. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627: \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

              \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a (Cravotto &Cintas,2006).<\/li>\n
              2. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a (Winterman,2009).<\/li>\n
              3. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (Simons,2006)Top of Form<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                .<\/p>\n

                \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

                \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

                \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Petra,2016):<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a: \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/li>\n
                2. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                3. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
                4. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                5. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                  2. \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 52 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2006:<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n
                  3. \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 2018-2022<\/strong>: \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                  4. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                  5. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
                  6. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 2025:<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/li>\n
                    2. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632.<\/li>\n
                    3. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n
                    4. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629: \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n
                    5. \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631: \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n
                    6. \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n
                      2. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/li>\n
                      3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
                      4. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
                      5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n
                      6. \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n
                      7. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Top of Form<\/p>\n

                        Reference <\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Anastas, P. T., & Warner, J. C. (1998). Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.<\/p>\n

                        Cravotto G, Cintas P. Power ultrasound in organic synthesis: moving cavitational chemistry from academia to innovative and large-scale applications. Chem. Soc. Reviews 35:180-196, 2006.<\/p>\n

                        Graham, K. J., T. N. Jones, C. P. Schaller, and E. J. McIntee. 2014. \u201cImplementing a Student-Designed Green Chemistry Laboratory Project in Organic Chemistry.\u201d Journal of Chemical Education 91 (11): 1895\u20131900. doi:10.1021\/ed5000394.<\/p>\n

                        Gross, E. M. 2013. \u201cGreen Chemistry and Sustainability: An Undergraduate Course for Science and Nonscience Majors.\u201d Journal of Chemical Education 90 (4): 429\u2013431. doi:10.1021\/ed200756z.<\/p>\n

                        G\u00fcnter, T., and S. K. Alpat. 2017. \u201cThe Effects of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on the Academic Achievement of Students Studying \u2018Electrochemistry\u2019.\u201d Chemistry Education Research and Practice 18 (1): 78\u201398. doi:10.1039\/c6rp00176a.<\/p>\n

                        Petra Schwager, Nils Decker, Ingrid Kaltenegger.( 2016).Exploring Green Chemistry, Sustainable Chemistry and innovative business models such as Chemical Leasing in the context of international policy discussions,Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Volume 1,Pages 18-21,ISSN 2452-2236.<\/p>\n

                        <\/a> Simons S. Concepts of Chemical Engineering 4 Chemists. Royal Society of Chemistry Green Chemistry Series, RSC publications, Cambridge, 2007.<\/p>\n

                        UNEP. (2011). Towards Sustainable Chemicals Management: Chemicals and Waste Briefing Note 2. United Nations Environment Programme.<\/p>\n

                        Winterman N. Chemistry for Sustainable Technologies. Royal society of Chemistry Green Chemistry Series, RSC publications, Cambridge, 2010. 101. Roesky HW. Experiments in Green and Sustainable Chemistry. WileyVCH, West Sussex, 2009.<\/p>\n

                        Zhang, Q., & Zhao, X. (2021). Recent Progress in Green Chemistry: Advanced Materials, Energy Conversion and Storage, and Environmental Remediation. Advanced Materials, 33(17), e2007687. doi: 10.1002\/adma.202007687.<\/p>\n

                        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u00a0\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2017) \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2<\/p>\n

                        \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 52 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2006 https:\/\/qistas.com\/legislations\/jor\/view\/NTk0ODI=<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        \u0645. \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u063a\u0648\u06441 1 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: zgoool2004@gmail.com HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4353 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/02\/2023\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6495","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6495"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6503,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6495\/revisions\/6503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}