{"id":5859,"date":"2023-02-01T06:12:56","date_gmt":"2023-02-01T06:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=5859"},"modified":"2023-02-01T06:13:04","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T06:13:04","slug":"4-2-55","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/4-2-55\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mailto:alakhras-mahmoud@yhoo.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4255<\/p>\n

Download
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 21\/01\/2023\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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– \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n

– \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u064f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The development of institutional performance in municipalities in Jordan and its impact on improving job performance<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mahmoud muneer Ali Al akhras1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Collector, Greater Jerash Municipality, Ministry of Local Administration, Jordan.<\/p>\n

Email: mailto:alakhras-mahmoud@yhoo.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4255<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/02\/2023 Accepted at 21\/01\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The current study aims to identify the importance of developing institutional performance in municipalities, as well as revealing criteria for developing institutional performance to improve the job performance of workers in municipalities, and working on a plan to develop institutional performance in order to improve the capabilities of employees in municipalities in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and in order to achieve the goals The study used the descriptive approach, and the study continued to the following results:<\/p>\n

– The importance of developing institutional performance in municipalities in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan comes through; Work to maintain the performance and productivity of employees and constantly motivate them to perform their best, and this is done through continuous evaluation of them in the municipality. The institutional evaluation process is essential To improve and develop the employees within the municipalities, as well as the performance appraisal by evaluating and strengthening the employees and effective communication with them.<\/p>\n

Among the most important criteria for developing institutional performance in municipalities are human resources, familiarity with various administrative processes and functions, enhancing transparency and integrity, having a strong and effective governance system, and having a distinguished service center.<\/p>\n

The study recommended that municipalities should pay attention to the human element, as it is the basis for development in the work of municipalities, as well as work to develop plans in the Kingdom’s municipalities for the development of institutional work that are applicable in light of the capabilities.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>institutional development, municipalities, job performance.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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– \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

-\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. – <\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. – <\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a :\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (2022).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a: \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0637 .(ahadi,2014\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629(<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b : \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646:\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629(2020): \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645:<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a (2022) \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 : \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 (2018) \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 (75) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c(SPSS)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.– <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.– <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.– <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.– <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.– <\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 (Farooqui and Nagendra, 2014) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u061b 1- \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

3- \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

4- \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

5- \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642:<\/p>\n

\u00a01-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0643\u0644. 5-<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062a\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642:<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

2-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b:\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong>: \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642:<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. 2- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

3-\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b:\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644: \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642:<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

4-\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a<\/h5>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a: \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b:\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. – <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 ” \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

– \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646.- <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649:” \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– <\/strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u2013 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u2013 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u2013 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

–<\/strong> \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f-<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u061f-<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f-<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641.-<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0.\u0623\u0646 <\/strong>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629–<\/strong><\/p>\n

-\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

– \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a. (2022). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646- \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 2(3).<\/p>\n

-\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629.(2018). \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(2)\u060c 39-.62<\/strong><\/h5>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631.(2020). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a.(2020). \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 26(122)\u060c 205-223.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

-Ahadi, H.R. (2014). An examination of role of organization Enables in business Process reengineering and the impact of information technology ,international Journal of Business and Management, (4),110-118.<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>Farooqui, M. & Nagendra, A. (2014). The impact of person organization fit on job satisfaction and performance of the employees. Procedia economics and Finance, 11, 122-129.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u06331 1 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mailto:alakhras-mahmoud@yhoo.com HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4255 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 21\/01\/2023\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5859","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5859"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5859\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5867,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5859\/revisions\/5867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}