{"id":5790,"date":"2023-02-01T04:09:55","date_gmt":"2023-02-01T04:09:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=5790"},"modified":"2023-02-01T04:10:03","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T04:10:03","slug":"4-2-36","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/4-2-36\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629<sup>1<\/sup> \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 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<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0647\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 (La p\u00e9dagogie par situation-probl\u00e9me.http\/\/www.cefedem-rhonealpes\u00a0, org)\u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&#8216;4- \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0644: <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 h\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627,<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/em><\/strong><em>:<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0633\u060c\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 )\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629(\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a)\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629:\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0623\u0629.\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f) \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0622\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629:\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a: <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>-\u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627)<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627:<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627:<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632: <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0635 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"229\" class=\"wp-image-5791\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/telechargement-image-maroc-2.png\" alt=\"t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement image maroc\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/telechargement-image-maroc-2.png 220w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/telechargement-image-maroc-2-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"290\" height=\"174\" class=\"wp-image-5792\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/telechargement-monde-arabe-2.jpeg\" alt=\"t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement monde arabe\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/telechargement-monde-arabe-2.jpeg 290w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/telechargement-monde-arabe-2-18x12.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1091\" height=\"234\" class=\"wp-image-5793\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-3.png 1091w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-3-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-3-1024x220.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-3-768x165.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-3-18x4.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1091px) 100vw, 1091px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630: <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a: <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629.(\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647)<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1153\" height=\"257\" class=\"wp-image-5794\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-4.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-4.png 1153w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-4-300x67.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-4-1024x228.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-4-768x171.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-4-18x4.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1153px) 100vw, 1153px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"521\" height=\"466\" class=\"wp-image-5795\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-5.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-5.png 521w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-5-300x268.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-5-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 521px) 100vw, 521px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1271\" height=\"668\" class=\"wp-image-5796\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-6.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-6.png 1271w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-6-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-6-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-6-768x404.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-6-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1271px) 100vw, 1271px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1267\" height=\"972\" class=\"wp-image-5797\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7.png 1267w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7-300x230.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7-1024x786.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7-768x589.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-7-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1267px) 100vw, 1267px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"628\" height=\"630\" class=\"wp-image-5798\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-8.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-8.jpeg 628w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-8-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-8-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-8-12x12.jpeg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1268\" height=\"590\" class=\"wp-image-5799\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-9.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-9.png 1268w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-9-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-9-1024x476.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-9-768x357.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-9-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1268px) 100vw, 1268px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1181\" height=\"475\" class=\"wp-image-5800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-10.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-10.png 1181w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-10-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-10-1024x412.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-10-768x309.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-10-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1181px) 100vw, 1181px\" \/><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"481\" height=\"726\" class=\"wp-image-5801\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-11.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-11.jpeg 481w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-11-199x300.jpeg 199w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-11-8x12.jpeg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/><\/h1>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632: <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0635 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1316\" class=\"wp-image-5802\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-12.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-12.jpeg 1280w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-12-292x300.jpeg 292w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-12-996x1024.jpeg 996w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-12-768x790.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-12-12x12.jpeg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630: <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1267\" height=\"1180\" class=\"wp-image-5804\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-13.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-13.png 1267w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-13-300x279.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-13-1024x954.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-13-768x715.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-13-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1267px) 100vw, 1267px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1267\" height=\"1134\" class=\"wp-image-5807\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-15.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-15.png 1267w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-15-300x269.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-15-1024x917.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-15-768x687.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-15-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1267px) 100vw, 1267px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1117\" height=\"845\" class=\"wp-image-5808\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16.png 1117w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16-300x227.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16-1024x775.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16-768x581.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/word-image-5790-16-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1117px) 100vw, 1117px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0627\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u064a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8221; \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629: <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06332002\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 (2015-2030).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c2003\u060c\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646: \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0647\u064a\u060c2012\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Alain delongeville\u00a0: situations probl\u00e9mes pour enseigner l\u2019histoire au cycle 3,Hachette.2000*\u00a0;p\u00e9dagogie pratique \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; Astofli Jean pierre\u00a0: l\u2019\u00e9cole pour apprendre.ESF\u00a0;Editeur\u00a0;2007<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">-De ket\u00e9le Jean \u2013marie et fran\u00e7ois-marie G\u00e9rard\u00a0: des manuels scolaires pour apprendre\u00a0:concevoir, \u00e9valuer,utiliser.De Boeck Sup\u00e9rieur\u00a0;2009<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Xavier Roegiers\u00a0: l\u2019\u00e9cole et l\u2019\u00e9valuation. des situations complexes pour \u00e9valuer les acquis des \u00e9l\u00e8ves.Des Boeck Sup\u00e9rieur\u00a0;2010<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u060c2017\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627.<a href=\"http:\/\/www.montadacum.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\">http:\/\/www.montadacum.ma\/wp-<\/a>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 18-10-2019<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633 : \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tawfikakouiassword,wordpress.com<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\/(\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649) &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/www.anfasse.org\/index.php\">https:\/\/www.anfasse.org\/index.php<\/a><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>La p\u00e9dagogie par situation-probl\u00e9me.http\/\/www.cefedem-rhonealpes\u00a0, org<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u06291 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u06312 1 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: dehsaadia@gmail.com 2 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0633. HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4236 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5790","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5790"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5810,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5790\/revisions\/5810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}