{"id":5176,"date":"2022-12-03T18:06:51","date_gmt":"2022-12-03T18:06:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=5176"},"modified":"2022-12-03T18:06:55","modified_gmt":"2022-12-03T18:06:55","slug":"3-12-50","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-12-50\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062f. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0627\u062d1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: ebraheemjlah44@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(12); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj31250<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/12\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 20\/11\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamza between the ancient and modern audio lesson<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Ibrahim Miftah Ali Jlah<\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Department of Arabic Language, College of Education, Bani Walid University, Libya.<\/p>\n

Email: ebraheemjlah44@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(12); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj31250<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/12\/2022 Accepted at 20\/11\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

This research deals with the study of one of the sounds of the Arabic language and its analysis in the light of modern linguistics. It enabled him to clarify the sound’s exits and determine their characteristics, which led to the existence of some disputes between the ancients and the moderns in some of the Arabic language’s mistakes, and the hamza is one of these sounds in which they differ, especially in terms of the exit and the adjective.<\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629(<\/sup>[1]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 (( \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 [\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637] \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0652\u0631\u062a\u0647))(<\/sup>[2]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u060c\u0643\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a (consonant) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0633\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 (<\/sup>[3]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 : ((\u0635\u0648\u062a \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635 \u0641 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628 \u0643 ))(<\/sup>[4]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

2 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 (3)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0629 : ((\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0635\u062d\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0635\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647)) (<\/sup>[5]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 : ((\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0647\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647 ))(<\/sup>[6]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

3 _ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: ((\u0641\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0648))(<\/sup>[7]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 : ((\u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0648))(<\/sup>[8]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: ((\u0641\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c))(<\/sup>[9]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629 consonants\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a vowels \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062a(<\/sup>[10]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0623\u0644\u0641) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u060c ((\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 Phonetic transcription \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627: “a” \u0623\u0648 “aa”\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0644: qaal \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 “= \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0628: kataba \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629))(<\/sup>[11]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 : \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062d\u0628\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627(<\/sup>[12]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a(<\/sup>[13]<\/a>)<\/sup> .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 :((\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 ))(<\/sup>[14]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 . \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 ((\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645 ))(<\/sup>[15]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0644: ((\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 ))(<\/sup>[16]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a (<\/sup>[17]<\/a>)<\/sup>:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0621 .<\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b : \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 :((\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0647\u0627 : \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064f \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0645 ))(<\/sup>[18]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u061b \u0641\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0632 \u0641\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0651 \u0647\u062a\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632(<\/sup>[19]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0637\u0642\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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      \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f : ((\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641))(<\/sup>[26]<\/a>)<\/sup>.\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 : (( \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627))(<\/sup>[27]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 ((\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0630\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u063a\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629))(<\/sup>[28]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 : ((\u0648\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u063a\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627))(<\/sup>[29]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 : ((\u0641\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0648. \u0641\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627))(<\/sup>[30]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641 .<\/p>\n

      2- \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 : ((\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642 (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0648)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631))(<\/sup>[31]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 : ((\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 – \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627- \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 glottal stop \u0623\u0648 glottal catch \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 Coup de glotte))(<\/sup>[32]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 : ((\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629))(<\/sup>[33]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 : ((\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629))(<\/sup>[34]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c : \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 )\u0628\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 ( \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 .<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u061b \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627 ) \u062a 438 \u0647 ( \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a .<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 : ((\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629))(<\/sup>[35]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642.<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

      1 : \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 (<\/sup>[36]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0648 (( \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629))(<\/sup>[37]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a ((\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a))(<\/sup>[38]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      2 – \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 :<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0627 (<\/sup>[39]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 ((\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0627 ))(<\/sup>[40]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 : ((\u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0624\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 ))(<\/sup>[41]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a :<\/strong> \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0646 (( \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 ))(<\/sup>[42]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 : ((\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0633))(<\/sup>[43]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

      1 – \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 .<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 :\u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0633.<\/li>\n
      2. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 .<\/li>\n
      3. \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629 .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0637\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 : \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u060c 2003 \u0641 \u060c \u063599.<\/li>\n
        2. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u060c\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c<\/li>\n
        3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 444\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631 – \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \/ \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1407 \u0647\u0640 – 1988 \u0645.<\/li>\n
        4. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 392\u0647\u0640) \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 3 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n
        5. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n
        6. \u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 392\u0647\u0640) \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 2 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a-\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a 1421\u0647\u0640- 2000\u0645<\/li>\n
        7. \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 466\u0647\u0640) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1402\u0647\u0640_1982\u0645<\/li>\n
        8. \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a ) \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u06311975\u0645.<\/li>\n
        9. \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 2 – \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 1997<\/li>\n
        10. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 170\u0647\u0640) \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 8 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n
        11. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u060c 2003\u0641 \u060c \u0635:49 .<\/li>\n
        12. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 428\u0647\u0640) \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 3 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a .<\/li>\n
        13. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u06371 \u060c 1948\u0641 \u060c \u0635121 .<\/li>\n
        14. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 180\u0647\u0640) \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 4 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 1408 \u0647\u0640 – 1988 \u0645<\/li>\n
        15. \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0641\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 711\u0647\u0640) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 15 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 – 1414 \u0647\u0640<\/li>\n
        16. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u062c 16 \u060c 1963.<\/li>\n
        17. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u06491993 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/li>\n
        18. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 911\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 2 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 – \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1418\u0647\u0640 1998\u0645.<\/li>\n
        19. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1417\u0647\u0640 – 1997.<\/li>\n
        20. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 285\u0647\u0640) \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 4 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a .<\/li>\n
        21. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
        22. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 : 833 \u0647\u0640) \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 : \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u060c\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 : 2\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0637\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 : \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u060c 2003 \u0641 \u060c \u063599. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          2. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u060c 100. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          3. – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u063550 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          4. – \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u062c 16 \u060c 1963\u060c \u0635 211 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 51 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          5. – \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u06371 \u060c 1948\u0641 \u060c \u0635121 . \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          6. – \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u060c 2003\u0641 \u060c \u0635:49 . \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          7. – \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 (4\/ 431) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          8. – \u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 (1\/ 59) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          9. – \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (\u0635: 26) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          10. – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (\u0635: 57) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          11. – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (\u0635: 84) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          12. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 46 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          13. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 45 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          14. – \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 (2\/285) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          15. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u060c\u063518 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          16. – \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0646 (\u0635: 113) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          17. – \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 (4\/ 433) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 (\u0635: 546) (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a (1\/198)) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          18. – \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 (1\/ 34). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          19. – \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 (5\/ 427) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          20. – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 (1\/57) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          21. – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 (1\/ 52) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          22. – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 (1\/57) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          23. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a (1\/ 70) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          24. – \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 ) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a ( \u062f : \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u06311975\u0645\u0635113 . \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          25. – \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 (4\/ 433) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          26. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f (1\/ 155) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          27. – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0635: 104) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          28. – \u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 (1\/ 21 \u060c 22) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          29. – \u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 (1\/ 22) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          30. – \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 (4\/ 434) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          31. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 (\u0635: 223) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          32. – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 (\u0635: 57) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          33. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 51 . \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          34. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u063577. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          35. – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 (\u0635: 67) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          36. – (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u06284\/435) \u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a (1\/ 75) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 (1\/203) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          37. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 (\u0635: 547) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          38. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 (\u0635: 547) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          39. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 (\u0635: 56) \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u063597 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          40. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 (\u0635: 56) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          41. – \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 (\u0635: 97) \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          42. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u063577. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
          43. \n

            – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631 (\u0635: 59) \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            \u062f. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0627\u062d1 1 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: ebraheemjlah44@gmail.com HNSJ, 2022, 3(12); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj31250 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/12\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 20\/11\/2022\u0645 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5176","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5176"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5176\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5198,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5176\/revisions\/5198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}