{"id":4860,"date":"2022-11-01T16:29:08","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T16:29:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=4860"},"modified":"2022-11-01T16:29:13","modified_gmt":"2022-11-01T16:29:13","slug":"3-11-25","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-11-25\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a1<\/sup><\/strong> \u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n

Email: olash.hewary@uofk.edu<\/a><\/p>\n

2<\/sup> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n

Email: Khalidhebashy2030@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj31125<\/p>\n

Download
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/11\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 23\/10\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Challenges of applying E-learning at the College of Education, University of Khartoum, from the Faculty members’ point of view<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Olash Abdalrheem Albsheir Hewary1<\/sup> Dr. Khalid Altayb Mohammed Ahmed2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> College of Education, University of Khartoum<\/p>\n

Email: olash.hewary@uofk.edu<\/a><\/p>\n

College of Education, University of Khartoum<\/p>\n

Email: Khalidhebashy2030@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj31125<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/11\/2022 Accepted at 23\/10\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The study aimed to identify the possibilities that allow obtaining the opportunity to offer e-learning at the College of Education University of Khartoum, Identify the preparations for the e-learning application at the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum, Identifying the obstacles to applying e-learning at the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach, and the study population consisted of (250) a member of the faculty. Where the study sample was randomly selected consisting of (110) faculty members, which represent (44%) from the study population. The researchers used the questionnaire as a tool for data collection, following the appropriate statistical methods, and then analyzing the data using the statistical packages for social Sciences (SPSS). The study concluded with a number of results, the most important of which is: The college does not provide training courses for the use of e-learning, a rate of 94% percent, The absence of e-learning workshops by 100% percent, The inability of some teachers to use e-learning by 70%, The electric current not available continuously at a rate of 100%, There is interest from the college administration in implementing e-learning at a rate of 74% percent, In light of these results, the researcher recommended the following: Providing training courses in e-learning, Holding workshops and conferences concerned with employing e-learning, Urging and directing the state to maintain the electric current, Urging and directing telecommunications companies to provide free internet service.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>e-learning, College of Education, teaching staff.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0626 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u061f \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n

2- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640:<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

2- <\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

2- \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: 2021-2022\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 (\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u060c2005 : 24) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 : “\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a ) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637”.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c2005: 5) \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Ernest, & other , 2001: 4)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (European commission) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f”(Heseyin, 2006: 201-209 ).<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c Zhu, 2003)).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

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1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 Synchronous E-learning(\u0639\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c2008: 483-484 \u0648 \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0629\u060c 2009: 94).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d (\u0639\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c2008: 483) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a (Real-Time) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629) \u0643\u064f\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n