{"id":4376,"date":"2022-09-03T11:04:41","date_gmt":"2022-09-03T11:04:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=4376"},"modified":"2022-09-03T11:04:46","modified_gmt":"2022-09-03T11:04:46","slug":"3-9-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-9-19\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u062f. \u0639\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u06462 \u062f. \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u06213<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a <a id=\"post-4376-_Hlk93903647\"><\/a>\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: kabiru233@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p><sup>2 <\/sup>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 <a id=\"post-4376-_Hlk93903900\"><\/a>\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: haznan@iium.edu.my<\/p>\n<p><sup>3 <\/sup>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: habzak@iium.edu.my<\/p>\n<p>HNSJ, 2022, 3(9); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3919<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19\u0648\u0642\u0641-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a-\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.pdf\">\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/09\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 19\/08\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-4376-GrindEQpgref5f741fe61\"><\/a><strong>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Cash waqf in Islamic History: An Exploratory Study<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Mohamed Kabir Musa<sup>1<\/sup> Dr. Aznan Hassan<sup> 2<\/sup> Dr. Habibullah Zakaria<sup> 3<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> PhD student at the Institute of Islamic Banking and Finance, International Islamic University Malaysia, Email: kabiru233@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">2 Associate Professor at the Institute of Islamic Banking and Finance, International Islamic University Malaysia. Email: haznan@iium.edu.my<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">3 Assistant Professor at the Institute of Islamic Banking and Finance, International Islamic University Malaysia. Email: habzak@iium.edu.my<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">HNSJ, 2022, 3(9); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3919<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Published at 01\/09\/2022 Accepted at 19\/08\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">This study aims to explore the historical stages of the cash waqf in Islamic history. This study came to answer the following questions: What is cash waqf, what stages cash waqf has gone through Islamic history, and what are the contemporary application of cash waqf? The research relied on the inductive approach through which information was collected from historical and jurisprudential sources, classical and modern. The research also adopted the descriptive analytical approach to analyze the essential concepts of the research theoretically related to the study. The study detected that those scholars during the second to the fourteenth centuries of the Hijra had discussed issues related to cash waqf. However, it was not implemented at that time; but it was applied in the era of the Ottoman Caliphate. And due to the roles, that cash waqf plays in all aspects of life; Economic, social, and educational it has been applied in various forms in Islamic countries and Muslim minorities in this era.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Words: <\/strong>cash, waqf, Islamic history.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \ufdfa\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-1\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-2\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0640\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a: <\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a: <\/strong>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u063a\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646<sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-3\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-3\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627: &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-4\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-4\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0629: \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a: &#8220;\u0646\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a\u0647&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-5\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0623\u064a: \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0646\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0641<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-6\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-6\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-7\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-7\">[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627: &#8220;\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8230; \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-8\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-8\">[8]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 &#8220;\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-9\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-9\">[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \ufdfa\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u062a265\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647: &#8220;\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a-\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0626\u0644-: \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-10\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-10\">[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0633\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 (\u062a197\u0647\u0640): &#8220;\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0628\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0643\u0627\u0629\u061f \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0643\u0627\u0629&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-11\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (\u062a240\u0647\u0640): &#8221; \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629\u064c. \u0642\u0644\u062a: \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u061f \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0642\u0644\u062a: \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u061f \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-12\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-12\">[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0633\u064f\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u062a620\u0647\u0640): &#8220;.. \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-13\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-13\">[13]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645 (\u062a861\u0647\u0640): &#8220;\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u064a&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-14\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-14\">[14]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a (\u062a885\u0647\u0640): &#8220;\u0648\u0639\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u062e\u0646\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 &#8211; \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-15\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-15\">[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627- \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 (\u062a954\u0647\u0640): &#8220;\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0633&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-16\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-16\">[16]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0634\u064a (\u062a1151\u0647\u0640): &#8220;\u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064f \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-17\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a (\u062a982\u0647\u0640) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u062e\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-18\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-18\">[18]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u062a1301\u0647\u0640): &#8220;.. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-19\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-19\">[19]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u062a926\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0648\u064a\u0635\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062d \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-20\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-20\">[20]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a (\u062a1051\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647: &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-21\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-21\">[21]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0634\u064e\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u064f \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-22\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-22\">[22]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064c \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u064f\u0634\u063a\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0633\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637: &#8220;\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-23\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-23\">[23]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-24\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-24\">[24]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0628\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0652 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-25\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-25\">[25]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-26\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-26\">[26]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>. \u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0641\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647. \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0651\u064e \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645&#8221; \u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0649 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641: &#8220;\u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-27\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-27\">[27]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-28\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-28\">[28]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0643<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 (\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0627 Bitola ) (914\u0647\u0640\/1508\u0645)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a: \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u062c\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629: 10%<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0643\u062b\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 waqf share scheme<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-29\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-29\">[29]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\/\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\/\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0661.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1058\" height=\"522\" class=\"wp-image-4398\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-1.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-1.png 1058w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-1-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-1-1024x505.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-1-768x379.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-1-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1058px) 100vw, 1058px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-4376-_Hlk88003194\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Magda 2012<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a: Deposit cash waqf scheme <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u06442.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"814\" height=\"584\" class=\"wp-image-4399\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-2.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-2.png 814w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-2-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-2-768x551.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Magda 2012<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064aCompulsory cash waqf scheme <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 (CPF)\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 1 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u06487 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631).<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a automatic check-off system\u060c \u0623\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a CPF\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 MUIS.<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"431\" class=\"wp-image-4401\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-3.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-3.png 693w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-3-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Magda 2012<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062aCorporate waqf scheme:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u064e\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1010\" height=\"430\" class=\"wp-image-4402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-4.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-4.png 1010w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-4-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-4-768x327.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-4-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1010px) 100vw, 1010px\" \/> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Magda 2012<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0629 Deposit cash waqf product scheme<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-30\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-30\">[30]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (SIBL) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634 (IBBL). \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a<sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-31\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-31\">[31]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (SIBL) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634 (IBBL).<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0643\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 5.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"932\" height=\"385\" class=\"wp-image-4404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-5.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-5.png 932w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-5-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-5-768x317.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-5-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 932px) 100vw, 932px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-4376-_Hlk88498657\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Magda 2012<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0634 \u0633\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a <sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-32\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-32\">[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Co-operative waqf scheme:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 6.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"973\" height=\"407\" class=\"wp-image-4405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-6.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-6.png 973w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-6-300x125.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-6-768x321.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-6-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 973px) 100vw, 973px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Magda 2012<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 -\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646- \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627: \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a <sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-33\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-33\">[33]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Selangor Muamalat:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;Jawatankuasa Pengurusan Bersama&#8221; \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 RM10 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648RM100 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 RM50 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a RM74,040 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 Muamalat Invest Sdn. Bhd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 Muamalat Invest Sdn. Bhd. &#8211; \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 &#8211; \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 25\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 75\u066a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a Wakaf Selangor Muamalat \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a 7.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"603\" class=\"wp-image-4408\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/word-image-4376-7.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/word-image-4376-7.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/word-image-4376-7-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/word-image-4376-7-768x463.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/word-image-4376-7-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:2015 Ashraf<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-34\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-34\">[34]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u0645\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0637\u0631\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641<sup><sup><a id=\"post-4376-footnote-ref-35\" href=\"#post-4376-footnote-35\">[35]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1484\" height=\"892\" class=\"wp-image-4410\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-7.png\" alt=\"Diagram\n\nDescription automatically generated\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-7.png 1484w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-7-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-7-1024x616.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-7-768x462.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/diagram-description-automatically-generated-7-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1484px) 100vw, 1484px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0643\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u064f\u0634\u063a\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0642\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c <\/strong>\u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c 1416\u0647\u0640\/1995\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u06372\u060c 1412\u0647\u0640\/1992\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c 1399\u0647\u0640\/1979\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c 1388\u0647\u0640\/1968\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0631\u0645\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u06373\u060c 1414\u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c 1417\u0647\u0640\/1997\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c <strong>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1422\u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u06373\u060c 1412\u0647\u0640\/1992\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1415\u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1994\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c <strong>\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 1427\u0647\u0640\/2006\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<strong>\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c <strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1419\u0647\u0640\/1998\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633\u060c \u06371\u060c 1427\u0647\u0640\/2007\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646: \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a 20-22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2009\u0645\u060c 1-3 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 143\u0647\u0640 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f.\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ashraf mohd ramli, Abdullah jalil(2015), banking model of corporate waqf: An analysis of wakaf Selangor muamalat<em>, Jurnal Pengurusan.<\/em> vol. 42.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ashraf, Jomah Mohammed Nasar, e tal (2020), Methods of financing waqf development in Singapore, <em>international journal of business ethics and governance<\/em>, vo. 3.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Farhana mohamad suhaimi, Asmak Ab Rahman, (2014), the role of share waqf in the socio-economic development of the muslim community the Malaysian experience<em>, humanomics<\/em>, vol. 30.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M. Kabir Hassan, e tal (2018), Experiences and lessons of cash waqf in Bangladesh and other countries<strong>,<\/strong><em> journal of Islamic economics, banking and finance,<\/em> vol. 14.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Magda Ismail Abdel Mohsin (2013), financing through cash- waqf: a revitalization to finance different needs, <em>international journal of Islamic and middle Eastern Finance and Management<\/em>, vol. 6.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">http:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com\/wps\/portal\/investmentNew\/AlinmaInvestment\/Menu\/AssetManagement\/EndowmentInvestmentFunds\">https:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com\/wps\/portal\/investmentNew\/AlinmaInvestment\/Menu\/AssetManagement\/EndowmentInvestmentFunds<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.siblbd.com\/home\/cash_waqf\">https:\/\/www.siblbd.com\/home\/cash_waqf<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.islamibankbd.com\/prodServices\/prodServWAQF.php\">https:\/\/www.islamibankbd.com\/prodServices\/prodServWAQF.php<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u06371\u060c 1421\u0647\u0640\/2000\u0645)\u060c \u063512. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641- \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 14-17\/6\/2004\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646- \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06354. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635666\u061b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0631\u0645\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong> (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u06373\u060c 1414\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u062c9\u060c \u0635359\u061b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c (\u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c 1399\u0647\u0640\/1979\u0645)\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635128 <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c6\u060c \u06353. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-5\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635620\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/strong>\u062c3\u060c \u0635425\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<strong>\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c9\u060c \u0635230. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-6\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c <\/strong>(\u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635944\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1419\u0647\u0640\/1998\u0645)\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635298\u061b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u062c3\u060c \u0635425. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/strong>\u060c \u062c9\u060c \u0635230\u061b \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/strong>\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635944\u061b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u062c3\u060c \u0635425. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/strong>\u060c (\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633\u060c \u06371\u060c 1427\u0647\u0640\/2007\u0645)\u060c \u0635148. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-9\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646: \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a 20-22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2009\u0645\u060c 1-3 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 143\u0647\u0640 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627. \u06353. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-10\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c <strong>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c (\u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1422\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u060c \u062c4\u060c \u063512. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-11\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1415\u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1994\u0645)\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635380. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-12\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c 1416\u0647\u0640\/1995\u0645)\u060c \u062c31\u060c \u0635234. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-13\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c 1388\u0647\u0640\/1968\u0645)\u060c \u062c6\u060c \u063534. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-14\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u061b \u062c6\u060c \u0635218. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-15\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c7\u060c \u063511. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-16\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u06373\u060c 1412\u0647\u0640\/1992\u0645)\u060c \u062c6\u060c \u063522. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-17\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c <strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631<\/strong>\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c7\u060c \u063580. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-18\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c 1417\u0647\u0640\/1997\u0645)\u060c \u063530. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-19\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/strong>\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u06372\u060c 1412\u0647\u0640\/1992\u0645)\u060c \u062c4\u060c 364. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635458. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-21\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c <strong>\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c (\u062f.\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a)\u060c \u062c4\u060c \u0635244. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-22\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u063512\u061b\n<p><a id=\"post-4376-_Hlk93872699\"><\/a> Ahmad, Mahdi (2015).\u201d Cash Waqf: Historical Evolution, Nature, and role as Alternative to Riba-Based financing for the grass root,\u201d <em>Journal of Islamic Finance<\/em>, Vol. 4, No.1, 66-67. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-23\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063513. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-24\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063515<strong>.<\/strong> <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-25\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 1427\u0647\u0640\/2006\u0645\u060c \u0635191-192\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u063516. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-26\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063516. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-27\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0642: \u0634\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1421\u0647\u0640\/2001\u0645)\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062c6\u060c \u063584\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b 3600. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-28\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635191-192\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/strong>\u063517. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-29\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Magda, Ismail Abdel Mohsin (2013), \u201cfinancing through cash- waqf: a revitalization to finance different needs,\u201d <em>International journal of Islamic and middle Eastern Finance and Management<\/em>, vol. 6, No.4, 306; Ashraf, Jomah Mohammed Nasar, e tal (2020), \u201cMethods of financing waqf development in Singapore,\u201d <em>international journal of business ethics and governance<\/em>, vo. 3, No. 1,37-39; Farhana mohamad suhaimi, Asmak Ab Rahman, (2014), \u201cthe role of share waqf in the socio-economic development of the muslim community the Malaysian experience,\u201d humanomics, vol. 30, No. 3, 230-236. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-30\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.siblbd.com\/home\/cash_waqf\">https:\/\/www.siblbd.com\/home\/cash_waqf<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.islamibankbd.com\/prodServices\/prodServWAQF.php\">https:\/\/www.islamibankbd.com\/prodServices\/prodServWAQF.php<\/a> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 15\/05\/2022\u0645 <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-30\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-31\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-4376-_Hlk93872607\"><\/a> M. Kabir Hassan, e tal (2018), \u201cExperiences and lessons of cash waqf in Bangladesh and other countries\u201d <em>journal of Islamic economics, banking and finance<\/em>, vol. 14, No. 1, 107-109. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-31\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-32\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">ibid, p312-313. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-32\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-33\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ashraf mohd ramli, Abdullah jalil (2015), \u201cbanking model of corporate waqf: An analysis of wakaf Selangor muamalat,\u201d <em>Jurnal Pengurusan<\/em>. vol. 42, 9. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-33\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-34\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com\/wps\/portal\/investmentNew\/AlinmaInvestment\/Menu\/AssetManagement\/EndowmentInvestmentFunds\">https:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com\/wps\/portal\/investmentNew\/AlinmaInvestment\/Menu\/AssetManagement\/EndowmentInvestmentFunds<\/a> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 19-05-2022\u0645. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-34\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-4376-footnote-35\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com\/\">http:\/\/www.alinmainvestment.com<\/a> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 20-05-2022\u0645. <a href=\"#post-4376-footnote-ref-35\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u062f. \u0639\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u06462 \u062f. \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u06213 1 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: kabiru233@gmail.com 2 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4376","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4376"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4435,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4376\/revisions\/4435"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}