{"id":3977,"date":"2022-07-02T22:51:39","date_gmt":"2022-07-02T22:51:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3977"},"modified":"2022-07-02T22:51:42","modified_gmt":"2022-07-02T22:51:42","slug":"3-7-28","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-7-28\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629 , 2022<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(7); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3728<\/p>\n

Download
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/07\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/06\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The political conflict and its repercussions on the countries of the Arab Spring<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr: Khaled Salameh Al-Maaytah1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, 2022<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(7); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3728<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/07\/2022 Accepted at 15\/06\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The study aimed to identify the political conflict and its repercussions on the countries of the Arab Spring, where the study dealt with what the countries of the Arab Spring witnessed from the political conflict that was due to the spread of the phenomenon of corruption in the Arab countries, and the control of natural resources through the control of many non-governmental actors, and the impact of sectarianism on Arab countries, The study also showed the role of non-governmental actors represented by forces, militias and political parties, in addition to the quota system, and class disparities that emerge through indicators of social inequality and lack of distribution, as well as low economic growth.<\/p>\n

The study relied on the descriptive-analytical approach, where the political conflict and its repercussions on the countries of the Arab Spring were analyzed, in addition to the historical approach, which is inferred through the political conflict and its repercussions on the countries of the Arab Spring, since this approach has described and recorded the past facts and events.<\/p>\n

The study reached a set of results and recommendations, as the study showed that the political conflict has further deepened and drained the political, economic and social crises in the countries of the Arab Spring.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>political stability, Arab Spring countries.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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2- \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n

2- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 , \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629, 2019 :22).<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a: \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a ,\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c 2002 :2).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a :\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627( \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646, 2014 :11).<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a : \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u063a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f( \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 ,2018 :12).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 , \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631( \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0646\u060c 2007 :22).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 “\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629” \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a , \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 “\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627”. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627(\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f ,2020 :2).<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u061b \u0648\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645, \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0621 – \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f , \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a, 2021 :3).<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 – \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0621. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 “\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641”\u061b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627”\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a “\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641( \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646, 1999: 16).<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 , \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a , \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0649,2021 :13).<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 : \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 :\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629( \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f ,2015 :26).<\/p>\n

6- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 : \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 , \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

7- \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 ,\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a) \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a ( \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646 , 2014 :27).<\/p>\n

8- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 : \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a, 2015 :55).<\/p>\n

9- \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0628 : \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645 , \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

10- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a , \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 , \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 , \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628(\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 ,2007 :12).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b : \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 (\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628) \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627 : \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a “\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a” \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u061b \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a “\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631” \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a. ( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a, 2015 :54).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646, 2007 :25).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 : \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 : \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a (1905-1921) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u2019 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629(\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642, 2020 :21).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a, \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u062f \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627( \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 , 2020 :13).<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

1- \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 (1945-1991) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 (1945-1949) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646( \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0637\u064a, 2019 :15).<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 : \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 (1959-1968) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1962) \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645 (1960\u201375). \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627( \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f , 2012 :12).<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 (1974-80) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642) \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0627. \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627( \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 , 2021 :13).<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 (1989-1991) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 “\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629) \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646( \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a, 2018 :14).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n

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\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627: \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 : \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 13 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a , \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a , 2006: 78).<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 5 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1989 , \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0643 , 2019 :12).<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a 2005 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062e\u062e\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a 8 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a( \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a,2020 :15).<\/p>\n

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7- \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a: \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644( \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062f ,2020 :12).<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 , \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a , \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 .<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 , \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a , \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 , \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 , \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c :<\/p>\n

1- \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a .<\/p>\n

2- \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

3- \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 .<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

5- \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 .<\/p>\n

3- \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f , \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 (2020). \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a ,19, \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637, \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 (2019). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 , 2, \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0649 ,\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 (2018). \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u201c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u201d \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f (2019). \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 , 7 , \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a , \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (2021). \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629, \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 , 14, \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 , \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0637 (2016). \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637, 16, \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 , \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0649 (2020). \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 :\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646 , \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f ( 6565). 16, \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631 , \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1999). \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 , \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a , \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 , \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0644 ( 2007). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a,\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646 ,\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1819).7, \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637,\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629, \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f (2018) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (2011-2017) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0632\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2019) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 , 11, \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644(2000) \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 , \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2021). \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 , 25, \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629. (2002). \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 , \u0633\u064a\u062f (2020). \u0645\u0646 1905 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1917: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u061f\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a, 25, \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644,\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0636\u0628\u064a\u0634, \u0631\u0634\u0627 \u0639\u0637\u0648\u0629 (2022).\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 , \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 14\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 13\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629,13, \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a , \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 , \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 (2019). \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644,\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a , 5, \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644 ,\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 (2020). \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631. 30. \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 , \u0647\u062f\u064a\u0644 (2021). \u0628\u0639\u062f 50 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627.. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u061f , \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a , 30 , \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 , \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 , \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2022).\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631.. \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 25 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629,\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a ,24,\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 (2019). \u0628\u0639\u062f 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647.. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u061f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 , 21, \u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2006). “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629”, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 166, \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2006\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f41, \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a , \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0646 (2021). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644, \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 , 25, \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f (2020). \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a.. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 “14 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631” \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 , 15, \u0634\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 , \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a (2013)\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 , \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0645 (2019). \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u061f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 2018,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a,25, \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a, \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a (2013 \u060c)\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f192, \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0646\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064a( 2007). \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f26 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 (2019).\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a, 9, \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f , \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d (2012). \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a (2020). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 , 1, \u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a (2019). \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c 23\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644. \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f( 2021). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649 ( \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647), \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a, 6, \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a , \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f (2021). \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a, 24, \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631, \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 (2021). \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061f\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 24 , 15, \u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631, \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f ( 2015). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0651\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a (2019). \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a , 7, \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 , \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 (2014). \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646 (4323) 3, \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 , \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0637\u064a , \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 (2019).\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a , 7 , \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 , \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2014). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u201d \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629\u201d \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2014). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u201d \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629\u201d \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0637\u06291 1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629 , 2022 HNSJ, 2022, 3(7); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3728 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/07\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/06\/2022\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3977","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3977","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3977"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3977\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4013,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3977\/revisions\/4013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3977"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}