{"id":3841,"date":"2022-06-02T18:31:20","date_gmt":"2022-06-02T18:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3841"},"modified":"2022-06-02T18:31:25","modified_gmt":"2022-06-02T18:31:25","slug":"3-6-26","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-6-26\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: hfm045390@gamil.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(6); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3626<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/06\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 25\/05\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The duality of homeland and exile in the poetry of Badr Shakir al-Sayyab<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fathi Mansour Howaidi 1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Faculty member at Asmarya Islamic University, Libya<\/p>\n

Email: hfm045390@gamil.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(6); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3626<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/06\/2022 Accepted at 25\/05\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

Al-Sayyab is one of the contemporary poets who moved away from his birthplace by crossing seas and mountains, because Al-Sayyab lived far from his homeland. Expressions of his homeland The tragedy of alienation and the dream of returning to his family and the homeland in which he lived all his life.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u063a\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0639\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 ( \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0642 _ \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 _\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 _\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 _\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c _ \u0648\u063a\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 _ \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639 _ \u064a\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d _ \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 _ \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0641\u0631 _ \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 _ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0631 _ \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0646 _ \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628 _ \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0627\u0628 )<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 ( \u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628)<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u060c[31]<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 :<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0652<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0652<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0652\u0647 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0627 … \u0623\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649 : \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0649 [32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a(\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647:\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 ) \u060c (\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629) \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0631\u0629 (\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0642 ) \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u0632\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0635\u0648\u0646\u0652<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u064f \u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0649:<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0652<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u060c<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0650<\/p>\n

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\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c[48]<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 :<\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u0631\u064f<\/p>\n

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\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628)<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u06373 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06291975.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u060c \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a .<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1983<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2007.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1969<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u06373 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2002<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u060c \u062f.\u0637<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1960.<\/p>\n

\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u062f. \u0637<\/p>\n

\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a .<\/p>\n

\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u060c \u06372.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0649\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0643 \u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1980<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u064515 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f1 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u060c\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1997.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06291992<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u060c \u06372 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985<\/p>\n

\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f11 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06292016.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010<\/p>\n

\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 .<\/p>\n

\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u062f.\u0637 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1999<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u06372 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06291982<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1975<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c 4\/ 28. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d \u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062c6 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u060c \u0635 .2215 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1983\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635260. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. . \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1975 \u060c \u0635285. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u062c8 \u060c \u0635376\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u060c \u062c6 \u060c \u06352215 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. .\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 11\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649\u060c \u06352. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u064515 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f1 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u060c \u063515 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 (328\u0645) \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647 35 \u0633\u0646\u0629 . \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u06211\/107. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u062c2 \u060c \u063512. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0630\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0649\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633:\n

    \u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0646\u0627 … \u0646\u0628\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0630\u0627\u0645.\u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u060c 4\/378. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n

  10. \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062f.\u0637\u060c \u062f.\u062a\u060c \u063549. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. . \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u060c \u06356 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  12. 1. \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u063552. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  13. . \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1960 \u060c \u0635249.\n

    3.\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u060c\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0643\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u062b\u0648\u0631 \u060c (642\u0645) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u062c5 \u060c \u063586<\/p>\n

    4. \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 :\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u060c \u06372\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985 \u060c \u063562 . \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n

  14. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0635\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992\u0645\u060c \u063562. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  15. \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c 1889 -3\/23. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  16. 1. \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u063a\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u062c5 \u060c \u063583 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  17. 2. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062c5 \u060c 183 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  18. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641 260 -1\/79. \u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 3784 -6\/325. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  19. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  20. 21. \u0637\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0635343 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  21. . \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994 \u060c \u0635275 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  22. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064534\u060c4\/56. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  23. . \u0641\u0637\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0635141 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  24. . \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647, \u06357. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  25. 26. \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0635162\n

    27. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0635208 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n

  26. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  27. 28. \u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2013 \u060c \u063587 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  28. 29. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u063599.\n

    30. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u06372 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982 \u060c \u063537 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n

  29. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  30. 31. \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u060c \u06372 \u060c \u063544 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  31. \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u063552 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  32. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635164. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  33. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635164 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  34. \u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u060c \u063520 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  35. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c 230 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  36. \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u063581 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  37. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635230 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  38. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635232 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  39. \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u063554 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  40. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635 233. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  41. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635 232. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  42. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1999 \u060c \u063588 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  43. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635234. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  44. \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u063544. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  45. \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u06356 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  46. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635423. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  47. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c\u0635423 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  48. \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0635 44. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  49. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635425 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  50. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06291999 \u060c \u063563 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  51. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635192 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  52. \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u063590 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
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  54. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c1 \u060c 193 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  55. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1997 \u060c \u063592 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  56. \n

    \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u062c1 \u060c \u0635205 \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a1 1 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: hfm045390@gamil.com HNSJ, 2022, 3(6); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3626 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/06\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 25\/05\/2022\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3841","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3841"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3841\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3851,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3841\/revisions\/3851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}