{"id":3412,"date":"2022-04-03T15:17:26","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T15:17:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3412"},"modified":"2022-04-03T15:17:35","modified_gmt":"2022-04-03T15:17:35","slug":"3-4-21","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-4-21\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u064a\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: <a href=\"mailto:ahmad.mamar000@gmail.com\">ahmad.mamar000@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9268?lang=ar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9268<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">HNSJ, 2022, 3(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3421<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/21\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629-\u0641\u064a-\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646-\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a-\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.pdf\">\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/04\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 22\/03\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a\u064f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a id=\"post-3412-GrindEQpgref5f741fe61\"><\/a><strong>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Analyzing the Curricula of Smart Applications in Teaching Arabic to Non-Native Speakers<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong> (Alif Bee) Application has been taken as a Model<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>AHMET M\u0130MAR<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u0130STANBUL AYDIN \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TY<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Email: <a href=\"mailto:ahmad.mamar000@gmail.com\">ahmad.mamar000@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Scientific Identifier <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9268?lang=ar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9268<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">HNSJ, 2022, 3(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3421<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Published at 01\/04\/2022 Accepted at 22\/03\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This article deals with the role of smart applications in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">These smart applications have been able to spread widely in recent years, and have contributed to saving time and effort, which motivated those who are interested in teaching and publishing Arabic to prepare interactive educational applications with a reference that subjects to specific rules and foundations that based on studies and researches.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Based on the foregoing, this article has taken the (Alif Bee) application as a model for description and analysis, because its application compared to other educational applications teaches Arabic to non-native speakers in an interactive way, Also, in this article it has been extracted Alif Bee\u2019s application\u2019s advantages and disadvantages, in the light of a related descriptive approach.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Key Words: <\/strong>curricula, smart applications, teaching Arabic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627<sup><a id=\"post-3412-footnote-ref-1\" href=\"#post-3412-footnote-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u064e\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Alif Bee) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0651\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623- \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628- \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0650\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 46\u060c 2014.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 (Mobile Learning) \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u060c 2009\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 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University of Wollongong.2009.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 (Wollongong)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Herry Walker<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Establishing Content Validity of an Evaluation Rubric for MobileTechnology Applications Utilizing the Delphi Method, Baltimore, Maryland, 2013.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Delphi)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633\u064d \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d\u064f \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633<sup><a id=\"post-3412-footnote-ref-3\" href=\"#post-3412-footnote-3\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c<sup><a id=\"post-3412-footnote-ref-4\" href=\"#post-3412-footnote-4\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; (Alif Bee) \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0628\u0651\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 .(Android- IOS)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"726\" height=\"493\" class=\"wp-image-3449\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-16.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-16.png 726w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-16-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-16-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-16-600x407.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 726px) 100vw, 726px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"409\" height=\"629\" class=\"wp-image-3451\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-2.jpeg 409w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-2-195x300.jpeg 195w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-2-8x12.jpeg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 409px) 100vw, 409px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646: \u0623. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623. \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0623. \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642: \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643: \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; (Alif Bee) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648) \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"355\" height=\"544\" class=\"wp-image-3454\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-3.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-3.jpeg 355w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-3-196x300.jpeg 196w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-3-8x12.jpeg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0644 <\/strong>\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632)\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064820 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649): <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufee0\ufed0\ufe94 \ufe92\ufee8\ufea0\ufe8e\ufea1 \ufee4\ufeca \ufecb\ufea9\ufea9 \ufee4\ufea4\ufea9\ufeed\ufea9 \ufee4\ufee5 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufee4\ufeed\ufe8d\ufed7\ufed1 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufe98\ufeed\ufe8d\ufebc\ufee0\ufef4\ufe94 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufe92\ufeb4\ufef4\ufec1\ufe94\u060c (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c 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justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a: (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0629\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645- \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649): <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 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justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u064f\u062c (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644)\u060c \u0648(\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f)\u060c \u0648 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628)\u060c \u0648 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064d \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 (\u062a\u0645\u0651) \u0644\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: (\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639) <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064d \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0635 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641:<sup><a id=\"post-3412-footnote-ref-5\" href=\"#post-3412-footnote-5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064e \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0623- \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628- \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"438\" height=\"477\" class=\"wp-image-3455\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-17.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-17.png 438w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-17-275x300.png 275w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-17-11x12.png 11w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"464\" height=\"420\" class=\"wp-image-3456\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file.jpeg 464w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-300x272.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-13x12.jpeg 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u062c- \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u062f- \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0647- \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"309\" height=\"522\" class=\"wp-image-3457\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-1.jpeg 309w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-1-178x300.jpeg 178w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-1-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 309px) 100vw, 309px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"305\" height=\"513\" class=\"wp-image-3458\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-2.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-2.jpeg 305w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-2-178x300.jpeg 178w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-2-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"298\" height=\"526\" class=\"wp-image-3459\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-4.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-4.jpeg 298w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-4-170x300.jpeg 170w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-4-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0648- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0632- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d- \u0635\u062d \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"294\" height=\"537\" class=\"wp-image-3460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-5.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-5.jpeg 294w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-5-164x300.jpeg 164w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-5-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 294px) 100vw, 294px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"352\" height=\"589\" class=\"wp-image-3461\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-3.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u062f\u0629\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-3.jpeg 352w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-3-179x300.jpeg 179w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-3-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"311\" height=\"535\" class=\"wp-image-3462\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-6.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-6.jpeg 311w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-6-174x300.jpeg 174w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-6-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 311px) 100vw, 311px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 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\u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629) \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7- \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8- \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645: \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u064e\u0644\u064f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">9- \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 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style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623- \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"357\" height=\"533\" class=\"wp-image-3463\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-7.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-7.jpeg 357w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-7-201x300.jpeg 201w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-7-8x12.jpeg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"365\" height=\"533\" class=\"wp-image-3464\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-8.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-8.jpeg 365w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-8-205x300.jpeg 205w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-8-8x12.jpeg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628- \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-3412-_Hlk98085377\"><\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"644\" height=\"709\" class=\"wp-image-3465\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-4.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u062f\u0629\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-4.jpeg 644w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-4-272x300.jpeg 272w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-4-11x12.jpeg 11w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-4-600x661.jpeg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"635\" height=\"713\" class=\"wp-image-3466\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-9.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-9.jpeg 635w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-9-267x300.jpeg 267w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-9-11x12.jpeg 11w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-9-600x674.jpeg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"380\" height=\"509\" class=\"wp-image-3467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-5.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635, \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-5.jpeg 380w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-5-224x300.jpeg 224w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-5-9x12.jpeg 9w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"393\" height=\"514\" class=\"wp-image-3468\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-6.jpeg\" alt=\" \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635, \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a, \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-6.jpeg 393w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-6-229x300.jpeg 229w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-6-9x12.jpeg 9w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 <strong>Busuu<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 <strong>duolingo<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 <strong>MONDLY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"297\" height=\"491\" class=\"wp-image-3469\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-10.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-10.jpeg 297w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-10-181x300.jpeg 181w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-10-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 297px) 100vw, 297px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"283\" height=\"491\" class=\"wp-image-3470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-11.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-11.jpeg 283w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-11-173x300.jpeg 173w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/word-image-11-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 283px) 100vw, 283px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"296\" height=\"491\" class=\"wp-image-3471\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-7.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635, \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a, \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\n\n\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-7.jpeg 296w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-7-181x300.jpeg 181w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/unnamed-file-7-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 ios \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641\u062a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (ACTFL)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0622\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Alif Bee):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">-4 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062b\u0651 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062f.\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1435\u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a \u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649\u060c \u06371\u060c 1043\u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1983\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a 22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2019\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 12\/03\/2022\u0645. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mosoah.com\/career-and-education\/education\">https:\/\/www.mosoah.com\/career-and-education\/education<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-3412-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0635257-258. <a href=\"#post-3412-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3412-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629. <a href=\"#post-3412-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3412-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a 22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2019\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 12\/03\/2022\u0645. <a href=\"#post-3412-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3412-footnote-5\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f.\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1435\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0635218-219. <a href=\"#post-3412-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06311 1 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u064a\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: ahmad.mamar000@gmail.com \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9268 HNSJ, 2022, 3(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3421 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/04\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 22\/03\/2022\u0645 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":{"telephone":"+249123656807"},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3412","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3412","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3412"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3412\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3472,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3412\/revisions\/3472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3412"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}