{"id":2980,"date":"2022-02-02T18:18:11","date_gmt":"2022-02-02T18:18:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=2980"},"modified":"2022-02-02T18:18:18","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T18:18:18","slug":"3-2-29","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-2-29\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064f\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629)"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: naser_1123@yahoo.com<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3229<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The Lower or Lower Paleolithic Age in the Syrian regions<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Historical frameworks and civilizational products in light of geological variables)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Naser Mohammed Suleiman Saad Al Saltani1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Faculty member – University of Benghazi – College of Arts and Sciences Al-Marj<\/p>\n

Email: naser_1123@yahoo.com<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3229<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/02\/2022 Accepted at 25\/01\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

Dealing with historical topics and titles related to civilization is among the most important topics that must be researched and researched. And civilization, and these overlappings may represent the importance of the study, as the research in it will give an indication of the significance of the level of the cognitive variable that the anthropological components were in the study areas and within this historical and geographical framework on the one hand, and these overlapping contents and addresses represent the research problem on the other hand, as it imposes on the researcher the necessity of Researching it to answer important questions, including, for example, but not limited to: What are the scopes of the geographical boundaries and the areas of history frameworks on which the reality of the study is located? What is the relationship between the cultural variable in the historical areas of Syria during the study period and the general cultural output? The researcher\u2019s background on topics included in his study with its specific label comes through two epistemological methods that were identified in the study, namely, historical framing and cultural output, which the researcher studied in a number of literature and found ambiguity in them that he had to clarify by searching in them according to a special approach that enables him to reach results he deems necessary to reach and this approach What achieves this is the descriptive and analytical approach that describes the historical and civilized situation and analyzes its perceptions and data to reach the goals that the researcher wants to reach, including the determinants of historical frameworks and their geographical designations, and shows the level and degree of material and moral cultural products produced by the anthropological components that settled in the historical areas of Syria during the Lower Paleolithic or In light of the geological variables, and to reach that, the researcher divided his study into several chapters symbolized by serial numbers, and under each chapter there is a section with sub-headings. Fourth Geologist And its impact on the geographical situation of the regions of Syria. The third is the identification of the historical frameworks of the Lower or Lower Paleolithic era and the anthropological formations during it in the historical regions of Syria, and the fourth is a review of the civilizational products in the Lower or Lower Paleolithic era in the historical regions of Syria, and the last chapter is the conclusion, which includes The results of the study that the researcher reached through his study and research, including, for example, but not limited to, that the geological variables have a direct and indirect impact on the geographical space, terrain structure and climatic manifestations. The study time and within its geographical surroundings, and among the findings of the study is to prove the conditional and extrinsic relationship between the civilizational variable and the general civilizational output, which is in fact a special knowledge product from what was discussed in the contents and titles of the study.<\/p>\n

1.1 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2.1 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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3.1 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b[3]<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u063a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

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4.1 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u061f.<\/p>\n

5.1 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n

6.1 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629[6]<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n

7.1 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2.1 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n

3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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4.1 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n

4.2 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1: \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c 1986\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

2: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u060c 1983\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

3: \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c 1974\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1: \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c 2013\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

2: R\u00e9sum\u00e9 d’un Rapport, 2001, sur les fouilles et fouilles dans les environs de Yabroud, Revue d’Arch\u00e9ologie – \u00c9tudes Orientales, Tome III, Num\u00e9ro IV, Paris.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c (\u062f.\u0646).<\/p>\n

2: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c 1990\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

3: \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0638\u0627\u0641\u0631\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

4: \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1982\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

5: \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u060c1980\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

6: \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

7: \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u060c 1996\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

8: \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627.<\/p>\n

9: \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c 2011\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

10: \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c1978\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

11: \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 2001\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 – \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u060c (\u062f\u060c\u0646)\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

12: \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0633\u0646\u060c 1989\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642.<\/p>\n

13: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

14: \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

15: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 1990\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

16: \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c 2009\u0645\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

17: \u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647\u060c 1991\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0637 2\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c (\u0645.\u0646).<\/p>\n

18: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642.<\/p>\n

19: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c2004\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

20: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 ).<\/p>\n

21: \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

22: \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c 2010\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

23: \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1989\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

24: \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062c\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

25: \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062c\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

26: \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c 1991\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

27: \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c 2006\u0645\u060c \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633.<\/p>\n

28: \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

29: \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

30: \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u064a\u060c 1983\u0645\u060c \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

31: \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

32: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u060c 1991\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06371\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n

33: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0647\u060c 1989\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

34: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

35: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 2001\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a – \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

36: \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c 1988\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c (\u062f.\u0645).<\/p>\n

37: \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

38: \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c 1987\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

39: \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

40: \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c 2009\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

41: \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1: Pierre George, 1984,\u00a0 Dictionnaire de la g\u00e9ographie. 3\u00e8me \u00e9dition. PUF. Paris.<\/p>\n

2: Tomas, 1986, Historical geography, Knowledge House Publications, London.<\/p>\n

3: R. Rober, Coenraads and John, 2008, Geological Earth\u2019s Dynamic Forces, n.p, n.pb.<\/p>\n

4: James, 2000, Archeology and Excavations in Syria, Near East Archeology Research Center Publications, Archaeological Studies, n.pb, Boston.<\/p>\n

5: Elbert R.D and James, 2009, Industrial Techniques in Paleolithic Ages, Journal of the Oriental Institute for Research Center, Vol 2, Washington.<\/p>\n

6: J.K. Martin,2004, Monitoring the Development of Stone Tools and Machines – A Specialized Study in the Stone Industry, (n.pb), Madrid.<\/p>\n

7: Christine T.N, 2001, The History of Ancient Syria and the Civilization of the East, Dalin Publications, (n.pb), Berne.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1: \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

2: \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 1976\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

3: \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c (\u0645.\u0646).<\/p>\n

4: Enrico B. L,1996, Fouilles et explorations dans les zones historiques de la Syrie, R\u00e9sum\u00e9 du rapport de la mission fran\u00e7aise, publi\u00e9 dans le Journal des Antiquit\u00e9s, Vol 2, Publications de l’Institut arch\u00e9ologique fran\u00e7ais, Paris.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Pierre George, 1984,\u00a0 Dictionnaire de la g\u00e9ographie. 3\u00e8me \u00e9dition. PUF. Paris, p101. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 1976\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 22. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062f\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 23. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Pierre George,\u00a0Op. cit, pp101,103. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c2004\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u063515-19. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u060c 1991\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06371\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u063511. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. * \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644 60 – 35<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u062e\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 37 – 14<\/strong> \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c 1990\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0635 19. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c 2013\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0635 32. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0635 57. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1989\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u063551. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. Tomas, 1986, Historical geography, Knowledge House Publications, London, p21. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  12. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u063554. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  13. \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 201. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  14. \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c 1991\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0635 \u0635 11 \u2013 13. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  15. \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c 1986\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 3. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  16. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 22. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  17. \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u064a\u060c 1983\u0645\u060c \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 32 \u060c 33. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  18. \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 1990\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 8. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  19. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 54 \u060c 55. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  20. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u063513. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  21. \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c 1988\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 34. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  22. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u060c 1983\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u06354. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  23. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 55. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  24. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 13 \u060c14. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  25. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 55. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  26. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0635 \u0635 9 \u060c 10. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  27. \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1982\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063521. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  28. \u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647\u060c 1991\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0637 2\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c (\u0645.\u0646)\u060c \u0635 \u0635 111 \u060c 112. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  29. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 102. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  30. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 57. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  31. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 54. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  32. \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 24 \u2013 26. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  33. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 54 \u060c 55. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  34. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 34. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  35. \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 24 \u2013 26. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  36. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c1978\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u063543. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  37. \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u063524 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  38. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 24 \u2013 26. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  39. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 34. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  40. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0647\u060c 1989\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 21. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  41. \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u063524 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  42. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 21. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  43. \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c 2006\u0645\u060c \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0635 22\u061b \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 101 – 104. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  44. \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u060c1980\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 32 \u2013 40 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  45. \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062c\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063514. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  46. R. Rober, Coenraads and John, 2008, Geological Earth\u2019s Dynamic Forces, n.p, n.pb,pp25 29. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  47. \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u060c \u0635 133. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  48. \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c 1987\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 111. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  49. * \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u061b \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 32. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  50. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 \u0635 33 \u060c 34. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  51. \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 76\u061bJames, 2000, Archeology and Excavations in Syria, Near East Archeology Research Center Publications, Archaeological Studies, n.pb, Boston, p. 222. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  52. \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0638\u0627\u0641\u0631\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 81. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  53. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c ( \u062f.\u0646 )\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 22. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  54. \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c 2011\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c (\u062f.\u0645)\u060c \u0635 97. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  55. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u060c 1996\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0635 70. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  56. \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 33 – 35. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  57. \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 70 \u2013 73. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  58. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 15 – 23. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  59. \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 35. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  60. \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u060c \u063520. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  61. \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 11. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  62. \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 43. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  63. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 31. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  64. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 23. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  65. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 34. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  66. \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 98. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  67. Elbert R.D and James, 2009, Industrial Techniques in Paleolithic Ages, Journal of the Oriental Institute for Research Center, Vol 2, Washington, Pp 233 , 234. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  68. J.K. Martin,2004, Monitoring the Development of Stone Tools and Machines – A Specialized Study in the Stone Industry, (n.pb), Madrid, p. 331. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  69. \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c 2009\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 17. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  70. \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 98 \u060c 99. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  71. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 36. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  72. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c 2010\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 \u0635 7-9. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  73. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 34\u061b \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 22. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  74. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 d’un Rapport, 2001, sur les fouilles et fouilles dans les environs de Yabroud, Revue d’Arch\u00e9ologie – \u00c9tudes Orientales, Tome III, Num\u00e9ro IV, Paris, p. 18. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  75. Enrico B. L,1996, Fouilles et explorations dans les zones historiques de la Syrie, R\u00e9sum\u00e9 du rapport de la mission fran\u00e7aise, publi\u00e9 dans le Journal des Antiquit\u00e9s, Vol 2, Publications de l’Institut arch\u00e9ologique fran\u00e7ais, Paris, p. 110 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  76. Christine T.N, 2001, The History of Ancient Syria and the Civilization of the East, Dalin Publications, (n.pb), Berne, p. 111. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  77. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 36. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  78. \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0635 36. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  79. \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c (\u062f.\u0646)\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 103. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  80. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u0635 23 – 25. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  81. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0635 \u0635 23\u060c 24. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  82. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 2001\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a -\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0635 20. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  83. \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062c\u060c 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 21. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  84. \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635 11. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u064a1 1 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: naser_1123@yahoo.com HNSJ, 2022, 3(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3229 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2980","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2980","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2980"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2980\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2991,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2980\/revisions\/2991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}