{"id":2716,"date":"2022-01-03T07:53:18","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T07:53:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=2716"},"modified":"2022-01-03T07:53:24","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T07:53:24","slug":"3-1-52","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/3-1-52\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06291<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n

Email: salkhwaaldt@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(1); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3152<\/p>\n

Download
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/01\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 25\/12\/2021\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The extent to which secondary and basic school principals are committed to democratic management strategies from the teachers\u2019 point of view <\/strong><\/p>\n

(a case study of the Jerash Education Directorate)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sahar saleh Abdel Rahman AlKhawaldeh1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> School Principal, Jerash Education Directorate, Jordanian Ministry of Education<\/p>\n

Email: salkhwaaldt@gmail.com.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(1); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3152<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/01\/2022 Accepted at 25\/12\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The current study aimed to identify the extent to which secondary and basic school principals are committed to democratic management strategies from the point of view of teachers in Jordanian public schools in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The study tool, which consisted of (25) items, was also prepared to collect study data from the sample that was selected by a comprehensive inventory method from the study population. Which amounted to (500) male and female teachers of primary and secondary grades in the Jerash Education Directorate. In addition, the results of the study showed that the degree of commitment of secondary and basic school principals to democratic management strategies from the teachers\u2019 point of view is medium. With no differences in the degree of commitment due to gender and differences in teachers\u2019 estimates, the degree of commitment of school principals to the strategies of democratic management is due to the academic qualifications of teachers. Moreover, the study recommended a number of recommendations. the most important of which were: Training school principals on how to apply the principles of democracy that lead to a sound educational climate that leads to a spirit of cooperation to achieve the goals of the school.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>school principals, strategies, democracy, teachers.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c 2011)<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a (\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c 2013).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/p>\n

2. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a (2020\/2021\u0645).<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 (\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2014)<\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c 2010)<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c 2012)<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062c\u0627 (2014) \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n