{"id":2192,"date":"2021-11-22T11:50:11","date_gmt":"2021-11-22T11:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=2192"},"modified":"2021-11-22T11:50:18","modified_gmt":"2021-11-22T11:50:18","slug":"2-11-41","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/2-11-41\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: kkhadeega084@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21141<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/11\/2021\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 23\/10\/2021\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

<\/a>Research Article <\/strong><\/p>\n

The preferred learning styles of Al-Zaytoonah University students in the light of some demographic variables according to Columbus’ model<\/strong><\/p>\n

Khadija Hamid Ali Qajoum1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Lecturer at the College of Education, Al zaytona University. Libya.<\/p>\n

Email: kkhadeega084@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21141<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/11\/2021 Accepted at 23\/10\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The aim of the research is to find out the preferred learning styles of Al-Zaytoonah University students in light of some variables. And knowing the differences in learning methods according to gender, specialization, and academic level. The research sample consisted of (160) male and female students from Al-Zaytoonah University in Libya. The researcher adopted the tools of the Learning Methods Scale prepared by Ilham and Led (2009), and the results of the research found that there are no differences between males. and females in learning styles and there are no differences according to the specialization in humanities, applied sciences, and the level (first – second – third – fourth) in learning methods.<\/p>\n

\n

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\u0648\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 (Kolb,1974,1976,1984,1986)\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0644 (Hill,1976) , \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643 (Pask, 1976) \u060c \u0634\u0645\u0643 (Shmak,1977)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0632 (Biggs,1978) \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 (Entwistl,1979,1981) \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Wilson , 1981) \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646 (Marton, 1983) \u060c \u0643\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0643 (Keeg &Mank,1986)\u060c\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0627 (Riechman & Grasha , 1986) \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0646 (Price & Dunn,1991) .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

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1- \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n

2_ \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n

3. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 (\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0649)<\/p>\n

4. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0623\u0648\u0644- \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a- \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b- \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639)<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n

: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 .<\/p>\n

2.\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

3.\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 .<\/li>\n
  2. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/li>\n
  3. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n
  4. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 :Learning Styles <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u064a\u0631\u0649 “\u0643\u064a\u0641”Keefe \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645” Keefe, 1984 :82)).<\/p>\n

    \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0632 Biggs \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f (Biggs , 1978:68) .<\/p>\n

    \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0643 Schemeck,1983:240) ) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645).<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 (1984) \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 : \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

    \u0628- \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645(1992 :72) \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
    2. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/li>\n
    3. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 .<\/li>\n
    4. \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n
    5. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n
    6. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\n
    7. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n
    8. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 <\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0631\u0649 Kolb,1984) )\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/p>\n

      \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 Entuistle,1981:40)) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 :<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 : \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 .<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 : \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 (\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 ) \u0648 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 .<\/p>\n

      \u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u0627 :<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 : \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n
      2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 : \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a Biggs,1978:170) ).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 Enhancement ego) ) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631(Wong& Lin,1996: 320).<\/p>\n

        \u0648 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0643 ” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 Schmuk, 1983:260) ).<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a : \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

        \u062f- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        1.\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064aMcCarthy))<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0631\u0628\u0637\u062a ” \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a ” \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c ” \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628” \u0648 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 : \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 ) . \u0648 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u060c2004 )<\/p>\n

        2.\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643 (Gregorc) <\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0645\u064a (2000) \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c ” \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643 ” \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c ” \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628” \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f ( \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629), \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n

        3. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f (Honey & Mumford)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c ” \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f . \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0622\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0622\u0644\u0646 Adair &Allen \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f ” \u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f” \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a (Adair &Allen , 1999):<\/p>\n

        4.\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0641\u0644\u062f\u0631 (Felder)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u062f\u0631 1988)Felder) \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u061b \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u061b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u064a \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062f\u0631 2005)Felder) \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a .<\/p>\n

        5.\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0632,1978) Biggs) <\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0632 (Biggs) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u064a :<\/p>\n

        \u0623. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n

        \u0628. \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647 .<\/p>\n

        \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0632 (Biggs) \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u060c \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 .<\/p>\n

        5.\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628( Kolb’s Experiential learning Model) <\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a (Dewey) : \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
        2. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 ( Levin) : \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 . \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u062c\u0640)\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647Piaget) ) \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0647\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a, \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 ( \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 ,2000)<\/p>\n

          \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 . \u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a . \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 , \u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a ( \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u060c 2002 :30) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0636\u0639” \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 ” \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 (Concrete Experiences) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 , \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a (\u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a \u060c 2001 : 40).<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Reflective Observation ) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c 1995: 28).<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f (Abstract Conceptualisation) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a , \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a .<\/p>\n

                4) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 (\u0650(Active Experimentation<\/strong><\/p>\n

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                \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 “\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628” \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

                \u0623. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong> : \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a , \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 .<\/p>\n

                \u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong> : \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a , \u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 , \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                \u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0649<\/strong> : \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 , \u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a , \u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 , \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                \u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong> : \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 , \u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a (\u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a \u060c 2001 : 32).<\/p>\n

                \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 .<\/p>\n

                \u0647- \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 , \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 , \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 : \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 Kolb 1984) ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a :<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0649 : (Convergent Style) \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 .<\/li>\n
                2. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a : Divergent Style)) \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 .<\/li>\n
                3. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a : (Style (Assimilator \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 .<\/li>\n
                4. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a : Accommodator Style)) \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 ( \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 Kolb, 1984) .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645 (Gusentine&Keim , 1996) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 . \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (200) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a ) , \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062c (Smith & Tsang , 1997 ) : \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 , \u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (183) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0648 (255) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 , \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 ( \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a ) \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621, \u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a Cano &Hewitte,2000)) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0632 . \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (210) \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 , \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a (2001) : \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 . \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646(222) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b , \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 , \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u061b \u0641\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a .<\/p>\n

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                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a (2009) : \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 . \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (324) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 .\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a – \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a- \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (1760) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a (2012) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (690) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 (2014) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (200) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 (2015) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (30) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 . \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2017) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (343) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 (2018) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (196) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062c (2019) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (92) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 . \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0637\u0629 (2020) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (500) \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633. .<\/p>\n

                  \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  1- \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  2_ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  3. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 (\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a).<\/p>\n

                  4. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0623\u0648\u0644- \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a- \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b- \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639).<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong> :<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (60) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (160) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (80 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648 80 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 ) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0631 21.7 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 3.12<\/p>\n

                  \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a) \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009). \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 (54) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 ( \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644) \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (1) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 ” \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b” \u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (5) \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 “\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b” . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 + \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n1-2-3-7-11-12-16-20-21-25-29-30-34-38-42-43-48-51-52<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n4-8-13-17-22-26-31-35-39-44-47-49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n5-14-18-23-27-32-36-37-40-45-50-54<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n6-9-10-15-19-24-28-33-41-46-53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u061b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (0.01) \u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f (0.01<\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.8575) \u0648 (0.6902) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (0.01) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0646=60)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  1<\/td>\n422, **<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n777, **<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n562, **<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n455,<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n712, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  2<\/td>\n342, **<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n671, **<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n769, **<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n400, **<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n812, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  3<\/td>\n541, *<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n412, **<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n564, **<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n711, **<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n665, *<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  7<\/td>\n346, **<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n712, *<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n678, **<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n342, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  11<\/td>\n621**<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n442, **<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n412, **<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n432, **<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n512, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  12<\/td>\n491, **<\/td>\n51<\/td>\n761, **<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n345, **<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  16<\/td>\n721, **<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n811, **<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n450, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  20<\/td>\n521, **<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n500, **<\/td>\n33<\/td>\n561, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  21<\/td>\n411, **<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n891, **<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n459, **<\/td>\n41<\/td>\n340, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  25<\/td>\n544, **<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n456, **<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n610, **<\/td>\n46<\/td>\n321, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  29<\/td>\n620, **<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n47<\/td>\n718, **<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n651, **<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n541, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  30<\/td>\n710, **<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n453, **<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n431, **<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  **(338,) \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (0.01) *(261,) \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (05.) .<\/p>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629( 1.,.). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629(\u0646 =60)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n652, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n562, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n751, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637<\/td>\n812, **<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  **(338,) \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (0.01) *(261,) \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (05.) .<\/p>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 ( 01. )<\/p>\n

                  \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.90) \u0648 (0.69 ) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (01, 0) \u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 :<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (8) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e(\u0646=50)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  1<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n732,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  2<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n754,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  3<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n877,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  4<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n697,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n5<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n921,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  6<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n871,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  7<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n789,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  8<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n885,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n841,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

                  1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  2.\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t.test \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

                  2.\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u2013 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639).<\/p>\n

                  \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 : \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (9) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 ( \u0646 =160)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  <\/td>\n\u0645<\/td>\n\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n60.83<\/td>\n16.47<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  2<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n54.12<\/td>\n16.83<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  3<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n57.23<\/td>\n15.60<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  4<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n56.55<\/td>\n18.23<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (83 , 60) , \u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (12 , 54) , \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a) \u060c \u0648 <\/strong>\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2017) Novin et al.,2003) , ) \u0648 Cano &Hewitte,2000))<\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0644 (Entwistlc 1981) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009)\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n

                  \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/strong> : \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t.test \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644( 7) \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 “\u062a” \u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  ( \u0646= 80 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648 80 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n61.11<\/td>\n16.89<\/td>\n220.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n60.54<\/td>\n16.14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n54.39<\/td>\n17.52<\/td>\n201.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n53.85<\/td>\n16.22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n57.59<\/td>\n14.60<\/td>\n0.293<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n56.86<\/td>\n16.63<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n56.46<\/td>\n17.96<\/td>\n0.061<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n56.64<\/td>\n18.61<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 ( \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u2013 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b ) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0637\u0629 (2020) \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 (2018) \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2017) \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a (2012)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0641\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 : \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 (\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a – \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0649).<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t.test \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 “\u062a” \u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645( \u0646= 89 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648 71 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n61.78<\/td>\n16.16<\/td>\n816.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n59.63<\/td>\n16.89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n53.40<\/td>\n16.31<\/td>\n600.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n55.01<\/td>\n17.55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n57.35<\/td>\n16.19<\/td>\n0.112<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n57.07<\/td>\n14.96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n56.49<\/td>\n17.88<\/td>\n0.043<\/strong><\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n56.62<\/td>\n18.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 ( \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 (2018) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2017) \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0637\u0629 (2020) \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2009) \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0648 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2008) \u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2007) \u062f\u0648\u06412004) ( Duff, \u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a (2001) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 ( 2015)\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2007) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n

                  \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 Kolb & Kolb \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

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\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a .<\/p>\n

                  \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 : \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a(\u0623\u0648\u0644 – \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b – \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639).<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (17) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n584.<\/td>\n159.61<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n478.834<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  273.40<\/td>\n156<\/td>\n42650.27<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  159<\/td>\n43129.1<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n1.302<\/td>\n366.76<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n1100.284<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  281.77<\/td>\n156<\/td>\n43956.46<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  159<\/td>\n45056.74<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n346.<\/td>\n85.40<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n256.184<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  246.55<\/td>\n156<\/td>\n38461.72<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  159<\/td>\n38717.9<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n898.<\/td>\n66.57<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n199.709<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  337.59<\/td>\n156<\/td>\n52663.89<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  159<\/td>\n52863.6<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0637\u0629 (2020) \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 (2018) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2017) \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629(2015) \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a (2012) \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

                  \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a …. \u0648 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 .<\/li>\n
                  2. \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                  3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n
                  4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n
                  5. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n
                  6. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/li>\n
                  7. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n
                  8. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 .<\/li>\n
                  9. \u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 .<\/p>\n

                    – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n

                    – \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 0<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 ( 2007) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0642 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c 70 (2) ,\u0635 (169 \u2013 210 ) .<\/p>\n

                    \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 (1995) : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627 ,4 (2) , \u0635 (2-49).<\/p>\n

                    .<\/p>\n

                    \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u060c \u0648 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2008) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                    \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a ( 2002) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645 12 (53) \u060c \u0635 ( 9 -79 ) .<\/p>\n

                    \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a (2004) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/p>\n

                    \u0646\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u062c\u0644 ( 2008) : \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c 18 (58) \u060c \u0635 ( 329-384 ) .<\/p>\n

                    \u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a (2001) : \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627- \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633<\/strong> \u060c 4 (2) \u060c \u0635 ( 29 \u2013 52 ) .<\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u060c (2001) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627 \u060c \u0645 1 (2)\u060c \u0635(31-61).<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b ( 2009) : \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627 \u060c 3 (40)\u060c \u0635 ( 266-301 ).<\/p>\n

                    \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0629 (2004) :\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631, \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c4(28)\u060c \u0635 ( 171-201 ).<\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645 ( 1992) : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 <\/strong>\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0642 .<\/p>\n

                    \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0645\u064a (2000) : \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a<\/strong> \u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n

                    \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f (2009) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 <\/strong>\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a (2009) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c<\/strong>www.kuiraq.com\/staff\/aliaa\/thanking<\/a><\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a (2012) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u063961 \u060c \u0635 \u0635:203 -229.<\/p>\n

                    \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 (2015) : \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c 16 \u060c \u0639 1\u060c \u0635 \u0635: 293 \u2013 319.<\/p>\n

                    \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 (2014) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0639 158 \u060c \u0635 \u0635 : 205 \u2013 239.<\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2017) : \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c 8 \u060c \u0639 2\u060c \u0635 \u0635: 11 \u2013 47.<\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 (2018) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0631\u0628\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c 19 \u060c \u0639 13 \u060c \u0635 \u0635 :1-62.<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062c (2019) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c 66 \u060c \u0635 \u0635:225 \u2013 262.<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0637\u0629 (20209) : \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u062c11 \u060c \u06391\u060c \u0635 \u0635:110 -120.<\/p>\n

                    \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 (2018): \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c10 \u060c \u0639 35 \u060c \u0635 \u0635: 171-228.<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Adir, J. & Allen, M. (1999): Time Management and Personal<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Development<\/strong>. London, Thorogood.<\/p>\n

                    Biggs, J.B. (1978) : Individual and group differences in study processes, J. Educ. Psychol<\/strong>, 48 , 266-279.<\/p>\n

                    Busats , V., Prins , F, Shout , J. &Hamaker , C.(1998): Learning styles :A cross \u2013 sectional and longitudinal study in higher education , British Journal of Educational Psychology<\/strong> , 68 , 427 \u2013 441.<\/p>\n

                    Cano, G. &Hewitt, E.(2000): Learning and thinking styles: An analysis of their inter-relationship and influence on academic achievement,Educational Psychology<\/strong> , 20 (4) 413-430.<\/p>\n

                    Duff,A.(2004): A note on the problem solving style questionnaire : An alternative to Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory? Educational Psychological,<\/strong> 24(5) 699-709.<\/p>\n

                    Entwistle. N. (1981): Styles of Learning and Teaching, John Wiley & Sons<\/strong>, New York.<\/p>\n

                    Gusentine,S. &Keim ,M.( 1996): The learning styles of community college art students .CommunityCollegeReview<\/strong>. 24,17-26.<\/p>\n

                    Hinton, S. (1992): The learning style preferences of students in graduate school, paper presented at the Annual Meeting of Mid-SouthEducational Researcher Association. Knoxville, Tennessee, November<\/strong> 11-13.<\/p>\n

                    Kolb, D. (1984): Experiential Learning Experience. as source of Learning and Development<\/strong>. London : Prentice-International, Inc.<\/p>\n

                    Novin,A .Arjomand,L .&Jordan,L.(2003): An investigation into the preferred learning styles of accounting , management , marketing , and general business majors, Teaching & Training<\/strong> , 24-31.<\/p>\n

                    Schmeck, R. (1983): Learning styles of college students<\/strong>, In R.F.<\/p>\n

                    Smith,& Tsang. (1997): A comparative study of approaches to studying in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom British ,Journal of Educational Psychology<\/strong>, 68, 81-93.<\/p>\n

                    Wong, N. & Lin, W. (1996): Cross-cultural validation of models of a approached to learning: an application of confirmatory factor analysis, Educational Psychology<\/strong>, 6 (3),317-327.<\/p>\n

                    ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u062c\u0648\u06451 1 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: kkhadeega084@gmail.com HNSJ, 2021, 2(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21141 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/11\/2021\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 23\/10\/2021\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2192","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2192"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2193,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2192\/revisions\/2193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}