{"id":18007,"date":"2026-10-01T09:31:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-10-34\/"},"modified":"2026-10-04T17:50:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T17:50:59","slug":"7-10-34","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-10-34\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 34"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0631\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Rulayounis77@gmail.com\u061b mahazahalka1@gmail.com<\/p><p>\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0623.\u062f. \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Rula Younis<sup>1<\/sup>, Maha Zahalka<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 PhD in Teaching and Learning, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> Rulayounis77@gmail.com; mahazahalka1@gmail.com<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>Supervised by: Prof. Dr. Majdi Zamil<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/34' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/34<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/34' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/34<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (10). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 690 - 708<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-20 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-10-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue10\/7-10-34.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Younis Rula, Zahalka Maha. 2026. \\&quot;The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 10. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Rula Y, Maha Z. 2026. The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-10-01. [Cited 2026-10-21]. 7(10). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-34\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Rula Y, Maha Z. The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-10-01; 7(10). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Rula Y, Maha Z, \\&quot;The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Younis Rula, Zahalka Maha. \\&quot;The Status of Formulating Behavioral Educational Objectives According to Quality Standards and Its Relationship with the Quality of Instructional Planning among Elementary School Teachers in the Triangle Region.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026-10-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u060c \u0632. \u0645. (2026). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0632\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0649. 2026. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/34&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u060c \u0632. \u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. 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(30) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (3.683) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.547)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (3.843) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.502). \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (r = 0.502, p < 0.001)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0641\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (25.2%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (R\u00b2 = 0.252, p < 0.001). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The present study aimed to identify the extent to which behavioral educational objectives are formulated in accordance with quality standards and the level of instructional planning quality among elementary school teachers in the Triangle Region. It also sought to examine the correlational relationship between these two variables and the extent to which the formulation of behavioral educational objectives contributes to predicting the quality of instructional planning. In addition, the study examined differences in participants\u2019 responses according to gender, academic qualification, years of experience, and educational stage. The study employed a descriptive correlational approach due to its suitability for the nature and objectives of the study. The main study sample consisted of 90 male and female teachers selected using stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was used as the primary instrument for data collection. It consisted of 30 items distributed across two dimensions: the formulation of behavioral educational objectives and the quality of instructional planning. The validity and reliability of the instrument were verified. The results indicated that the level of formulation of behavioral educational objectives in accordance with quality standards was high, with a mean of 3.683 and a standard deviation of 0.547. The level of instructional planning quality was also high, with a mean of 3.843 and a standard deviation of 0.502. No statistically significant differences were found in participants\u2019 responses regarding either the formulation of behavioral educational objectives or the quality of instructional planning attributable to the demographic variables examined. The results also revealed a moderate, positive, and statistically significant correlation between the formulation of behavioral educational objectives and the quality of instructional planning (r = 0.502, p < 0.001), indicating that higher-quality formulation of objectives is associated with higher levels of instructional planning quality. Furthermore, simple linear regression analysis showed that the formulation of behavioral educational objectives in accordance with quality standards made a positive and statistically significant contribution to predicting the quality of instructional planning, accounting for 25.2% of the variance in instructional planning quality (R\u00b2 = 0.252, p < 0.001). In light of these findings, the study recommends enhancing teachers\u2019 skills in formulating clear, specific, and measurable educational objectives in order to support the quality of instructional planning and teaching practices.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> behavioral educational objectives, quality standards, instructional planning quality, elementary school teachers, Triangle Region.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">( \u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u060c 2016) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a : \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">( \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u060c 2018).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a : \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627 ( \u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u060c 2017).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a : \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">( \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a ,2018).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (2025\/2026).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 : \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.17h7nb72abag\"><\/a><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 850 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a (2025\/2026).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627- \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (90) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 (23) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (25.56%) \u0648(67) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (74.44%). \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (35) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 <\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>25.56%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649<\/td>\n<td>67<\/td>\n<td>74.44%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>90<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 1\u20133 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 4\u20136).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 (30) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (15 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (15 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: (1) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c (2) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c (3) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c (4) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c (5) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649: \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a: \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (35) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u061b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629: \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 (Cronbach\u2019s Alpha) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0648\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SPSS)\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (t) \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One-Way ANOVA) \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 (Simple Linear Regression) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u03b1 = 0.05) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u064f\u0633\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 (1.00\u20131.80)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (1.81\u20132.60)\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (2.61\u20133.40)\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (3.41\u20134.20)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 (4.21\u20135.00).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.l6rsjmh59hhf\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.vaouoo9hmvmw\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (90) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>25.56%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649<\/td>\n<td>67<\/td>\n<td>74.44%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633<\/td>\n<td>57<\/td>\n<td>63.33%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>28.89%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7.78%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>31.11%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>5\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>28.89%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>11\u201315 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>20.00%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>20.00%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 1\u20133<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<td>55.56%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 4\u20136<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>44.44%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.qkvr44yixevl\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 (35) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.358\u20130.756)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2264 0.05). (\u03b1 = 0.05). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>0.879<\/td>\n<td>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>0.907<\/td>\n<td>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>0.926<\/td>\n<td>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.yfg10fk1m04\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u061f<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.683<\/td>\n<td>0.547<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3.433) \u0648(3.889)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.fd79xi43e3xl\"><\/a><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0644 (2022) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Pratiwi,2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.w0nwbcgynwsl\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u061f<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>3.843<\/td>\n<td>0.502<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3.478) \u0648(4.078). \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.ensv2zz0ydzn\"><\/a><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Faqe Abdulla 2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Guo (2025) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (IOSR 2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.htczjevw7gwo\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u061f<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 r<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td>0.502<\/td>\n<td>&lt; 0.001<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.aspf5lisi8lv\"><\/a><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 Lovat \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2023) \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a (,Pratiwi 2024) \u0648<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(,Faqe Abdulla 2024) \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 ( ,IOSR 2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>t<\/td>\n<td>-0.018<\/td>\n<td>0.986<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>t<\/td>\n<td>-0.133<\/td>\n<td>0.894<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>0.385<\/td>\n<td>0.682<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>0.605<\/td>\n<td>0.614<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 (0.05)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 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\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 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(2022) \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.m6vqrskqoyy0\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>t<\/td>\n<td>0.006<\/td>\n<td>0.995<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>t<\/td>\n<td>1.122<\/td>\n<td>0.265<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>1.971<\/td>\n<td>0.146<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>1.536<\/td>\n<td>0.211<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 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\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 ( Guo ,2025) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Faqe Abdulla, 2024) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(IOSRK, 2024) \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 (Simple Linear Regression) \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">R) = 0.502)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f (R\u00b2 = 0.252)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (25.2%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 (F(1,88) = 29.65, p &lt; 0.001). \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>t<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u03b2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>B<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0626<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>2.146<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&lt; 0.001<\/td>\n<td>5.445<\/td>\n<td>0.502<\/td>\n<td>0.461<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> R = 0.502\u060c R\u00b2 = 0.252\u060c F(1,88) = 29.65\u060c p &lt; 0.001<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (25.2%) 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.ph3ivg1xle97\"><\/a><strong>\ud83d\udd39 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2022). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Al-Khail, Abdullah. (2022). The extent to which Arabic language teachers possess the skill of formulating cognitive objectives in the Giza District Directorate of Education from principals\u2019 perspectives. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2023). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Hilal, Mohammed. (2023). The extent to which female teachers of the first three grades practice twenty-first-century skills in teaching. Educational Journal.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2023). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Shehri, Mohammed. (2023). The role of educational supervisors in improving teachers\u2019 instructional performance. Journal of Educational Sciences.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2025). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Ajouri, Ahmed. (2025). Difficulties facing the implementation of educational strategic planning in the Ministry of Education in Palestine. Palestinian Ministry of Education.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2021). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Arabiyat, Mohammed. (2021). Instructional planning as a systematic process for formulating learning experiences and organizing classroom practices. Educational Journal.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641\u060c &amp; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649. (2018). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a: \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u2013 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u2013 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Amer, Tarek Abdel-Raouf, &amp; Al-Masri, Ihab Issa. (2018). Visual thinking: Its concept, skills, and strategies. Arab Group for Training and Publishing.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2023). \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mujahid, Ahmed. (2023). Planning quality and the formulation of behavioral objectives within educational activities. Educational Journal.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a. \u0623. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645. \u0645. (2016). <em>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/em> (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mar\u2019i, T. A., &amp; Al-Hilah, M. M. (2016). General teaching methods (8th ed.). Dar Al-Masirah.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Malkawi, Ahmed. (2020). Quality in the educational process through the formulation of clear objectives. Educational Journal.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2022). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\"> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hashim, Mohammed bin Abdullah. (2022). Educational, instructional, and behavioral objectives. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.researchgate.net<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. (2021). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (2021\u20132023)<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Palestinian Ministry of Education. (2021). Education sector strategy (2021\u20132023).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. (2022). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062f.\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yusuf, Mona Awad Al-Karim. (2022). The importance of formulating behavioral objectives for basic-stage teachers in Wad Madani from teachers\u2019 perspectives. Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.hb3erh4dznu8\"><\/a><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.l3pt4wgwuuqm\"><\/a><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.uruel6m6c30g\"><\/a><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.e0ff8q10sn0k\"><\/a><a id=\"post-18007-_heading=h.797qprwaczn9\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cevikbas, M., K\u00f6nig, J., &amp; Rothland, M. (2024). <em>Empirical research on teacher competence in mathematics lesson planning: Recent developments<\/em>. <strong>ZDM\u2013Mathematics Education, 56<\/strong>, 101\u2013113.<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11858-023-01487-2?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> \u05d3\u05d5\u05d9<br \/>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u2013 Springer\/DOI<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Faqe Abdulla, S. (2024). Analysis of lesson plan effectiveness among pre-service teachers. <em>Journal of Education and Practice<\/em>, 15(3), 66\u201374.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Guo, X. (2025). Collaborative lesson planning and its impact on pre-service teachers\u2019 professional development. <em>Journal of Education for Teaching<\/em>, 51(1), 78\u201392. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02607476.2024.2301234\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02607476.2024.2301234<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gro\u00dfmann, L., &amp; Kr\u00fcger, D. (2024). <em>Assessing the quality ofeachers&#8217; lesson plans: Evaluation and application of a novel instrument<\/em>. <strong>Science Education, 108<\/strong>(1), 153\u2013189.<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/sce.21832?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Wiley Online Library<br \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sce.21832?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u2013 Wiley\/DOI<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hattie, J., &amp; Zierer, K. (2025). Teaching with intent: The role of planning in effective instruction. Routledge.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">IOSR Journal of Research &amp; Method in Education. (2024). The relationship between lesson planning and classroom management among basic stage teachers. <em>IOSR Journal of Research &amp; Method in Education<\/em>, 14(2), 45\u201352.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khan, A. (2024). The impact of lesson planning on students\u2019 academic achievement at the basic education level. <em>International Journal of Educational Research<\/em>, 118, 102146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijer.2023.102146<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lovat, T., Toomey, R., &amp; Clement, N. (2023). <em>Values education and quality teaching: The double helix effect<\/em>. Springer.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lupi\u00e1\u00f1ez, J. L. (2024). Teachers\u2019 decision-making processes in lesson planning: Implications for curriculum transformation. <em>Teaching and Teacher Education<\/em>, 132, 104275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tate.2023.104275<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pratiwi, D. (2024). The impact of teaching planning on improving teachers\u2019 instructional skills. <em>International Journal of Instruction<\/em>, 17(2), 215\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29333\/iji.2024.17212a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 : \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18007","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18007"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18083,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18007\/revisions\/18083"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}