{"id":17990,"date":"2026-10-01T09:31:42","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-10-17\/"},"modified":"2026-10-01T09:31:42","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:42","slug":"7-10-17","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-10-17\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 17"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: najah.abdallah@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Najah Abdallah<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Lebanese University, Lebanon.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> najah.abdallah@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/17' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/17<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/17' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/17<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (10). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 297 - 307<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-20 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-10-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue10\/7-10-17.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Abdallah Najah. 2026. \\&quot;Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 10. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Abdallah N. 2026. Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-10-01. [Cited 2026-10-01]. 7(10). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-17\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Abdallah N. Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-10-01; 7(10). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Abdallah N, \\&quot;Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Abdallah Najah. \\&quot;Challenges of Reconstruction in Lebanon.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026-10-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646. (2026). \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d. 2026. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-10-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-10-01]. 7(10). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-17\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-10-01\u061b 7(10). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 10\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/17&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 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style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This research paper deals with the topic of reconstruction in Lebanon, its stages, and the interconnection of many contentious and fundamental issues within it, starting from the Israeli war, passing through the economic, financial, and political crisis, and the regional conflict, and its link to the topic of reforms and resistance weapons. It provides an overview of the Israeli attacks on Lebanon, the extent of the resulting destruction, and the human, material, and economic losses that ensued. This paper discusses the Israeli displacement and expansion project, through the displacement of about 1.4 million civilians from southern Lebanon. It presents many legal and regulatory texts and governmental decisions that define the legal frameworks for reconstruction. It provides an overview of the role of the state and its institutions in this process, their responsibilities and duties towards its citizens, and the parties responsible and involved in reconstruction. This research aims to clarify the role of reconstruction in restoring social and economic life in the areas destroyed by Israeli attacks and the return of citizens to the same living conditions and standards as before the war. It also presents the main challenges facing reconstruction in Lebanon, using the descriptive approach. This paper concludes with the necessity of establishing an effective national strategy for reconstruction that focuses on comprehensive recovery of the affected environment and the restoration of social and economic life within it.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Reconstruction, destruction, Israeli attacks, massacres, human and material losses, challenges.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17990","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17990","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17990"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17990\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}