{"id":17976,"date":"2026-10-01T09:31:31","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-10-3\/"},"modified":"2026-10-04T13:24:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T13:24:39","slug":"7-10-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-10-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mahir2009@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Mahir Milad Sabea Assy<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> PhD in Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> mahir2009@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (10). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 33 - 51<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-05 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-10-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue10\/7-10-3.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; background:#fff;\r\n  width:34px; height:34px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  font-size:18px; cursor:pointer; line-height:0; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close:hover{background:#f3f4f6}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-tabs{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; padding:10px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; background:#f3f4f6;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab:hover{background:#e5e7eb;border-color:#9ca3af}\r\n.hnsj-tab.active{\r\n  background:#0b5ed7; border-color:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(11,94,215,.18);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-body{padding:14px 16px}\r\n.hnsj-row{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center;\r\n  margin-bottom:10px; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-select{\r\n  padding:10px 12px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; min-width:220px;\r\n  background:#fff; color:#111827; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-textarea{\r\n  width:100%; min-height:130px; padding:12px;\r\n  border-radius:12px; border:1px solid #cfcfcf;\r\n  line-height:1.7; resize:vertical; color:#111827; background:#fff;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-actions{display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; margin-top:10px; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;}\r\n.hnsj-dl{\r\n  padding:10px 14px;\r\n  border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n  background:#0b5ed7;\r\n  color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer;\r\n  font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-dl:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\/* Force the citation modal UI to be independent from site RTL\/LTR *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal,\r\n.hnsj-modal *{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Keep the header title readable *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n  function slugifyFileName(s){\r\n    return (s || 'citation')\r\n      .toString()\r\n      .trim()\r\n      .replace(\/^https?:\\\/\\\/\/i,'')\r\n      .replace(\/[^a-z0-9]+\/gi,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/-+\/g,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/^-|-$\/g,'')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function downloadTextFile(filename, content, mime){\r\n    var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mime || 'text\/plain;charset=utf-8' });\r\n    var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\r\n    var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n    a.href = url;\r\n    a.download = filename;\r\n    document.body.appendChild(a);\r\n    a.click();\r\n    a.remove();\r\n    setTimeout(function(){ URL.revokeObjectURL(url); }, 500);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function splitAuthors(str){\r\n    if(!str) return [];\r\n    return str\r\n      .split(\/,|\u061b|\u060c|;|\\n\/g)\r\n      .map(s => s.trim())\r\n      .filter(Boolean);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildRIS(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authors = splitAuthors((langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || ''));\r\n\r\n    let ris = '';\r\n    ris += 'TY  - JOUR\\n';\r\n    if (title)   ris += 'TI  - ' + title + '\\n';\r\n    authors.forEach(a => { ris += 'AU  - ' + a + '\\n'; });\r\n    if (journal) ris += 'JO  - ' + journal + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)  ris += 'PY  - ' + m.year + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)ris += 'VL  - ' + m.volume + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue) ris += 'IS  - ' + m.issue + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)   ris += 'DO  - ' + m.doi + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)   ris += 'UR  - ' + m.url + '\\n';\r\n    ris += 'ER  - \\n';\r\n    return ris;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildBibTeX(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authorStr = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || '');\r\n\r\n    const keyBase = slugifyFileName(m.doi || title || 'hnsj');\r\n    const key = (keyBase || 'hnsj').slice(0, 40);\r\n\r\n    let bib = '';\r\n    bib += '@article{' + key + ',\\n';\r\n    if (title)      bib += '  title = {' + title + '},\\n';\r\n    if (authorStr)  bib += '  author = {' + authorStr + '},\\n';\r\n    if (journal)    bib += '  journal = {' + journal + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)     bib += '  year = {' + m.year + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)   bib += '  volume = {' + m.volume + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue)    bib += '  number = {' + m.issue + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)      bib += '  doi = {' + m.doi + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)      bib += '  url = {' + m.url + '},\\n';\r\n    bib = bib.replace(\/,\\n$\/, '\\n');\r\n    bib += '}\\n';\r\n    return bib;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function initHnsjCite(root){\r\n    if(!root) return;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Guard: do not bind twice\r\n    if (root.dataset.hnsjInited === '1') return;\r\n    root.dataset.hnsjInited = '1';\r\n\r\n    const openBtn = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-open]');\r\n    const modal   = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-modal]');\r\n    const back    = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-backdrop]');\r\n    const closeBtn= root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-close]');\r\n\r\n    const tabs    = modal.querySelectorAll('.hnsj-tab');\r\n    const select  = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-style]');\r\n    const box     = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-box]');\r\n    const copyBtn = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-copy]');\r\n    const dlBtns  = modal.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-dl]');\r\n\r\n    let lang = 'en';\r\n    let citEn = {};\r\n    let citAr = {};\r\n    let meta = {};\r\n\r\n    function parseData(){\r\n      try{ citEn = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-en') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citEn = {}; }\r\n      try{ citAr = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-ar') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citAr = {}; }\r\n      try{ meta  = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-meta')  || '{}'); }catch(e){ meta = {}; }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function setLang(newLang){\r\n      lang = newLang;\r\n      tabs.forEach(t => t.classList.toggle('active', t.dataset.lang === lang));\r\n\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      const styles = Object.keys(data);\r\n\r\n      select.innerHTML = '';\r\n      styles.forEach(st => {\r\n        const opt = document.createElement('option');\r\n        opt.value = st;\r\n        opt.textContent = st;\r\n        select.appendChild(opt);\r\n      });\r\n\r\n      box.dir = (lang === 'ar') ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';\r\n      box.style.textAlign = (lang === 'ar') ? 'right' : 'left';\r\n\r\n      if(styles.length){\r\n        select.value = styles[0];\r\n        box.value = data[styles[0]] || '';\r\n      } else {\r\n        box.value = '';\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function openModal(){\r\n      parseData();\r\n      back.style.display = 'block';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'block';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = 'hidden';\r\n      setLang('en');\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function closeModal(){\r\n      back.style.display = 'none';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'none';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function onStyleChange(){\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      box.value = data[select.value] || '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    async function copyCitation(){\r\n      try{\r\n        await navigator.clipboard.writeText(box.value || '');\r\n      }catch(e){\r\n        box.focus(); box.select();\r\n        document.execCommand('copy');\r\n      }\r\n      const old = copyBtn.textContent;\r\n      copyBtn.textContent = (lang === 'ar') ? '\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u2713' : 'Copied \u2713';\r\n      setTimeout(()=> copyBtn.textContent = old, 1200);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    openBtn.addEventListener('click', openModal);\r\n    closeBtn.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n    back.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n\r\n    tabs.forEach(t => t.addEventListener('click', ()=> setLang(t.dataset.lang)));\r\n    select.addEventListener('change', onStyleChange);\r\n    copyBtn.addEventListener('click', copyCitation);\r\n\r\n    dlBtns.forEach(btn => {\r\n      btn.addEventListener('click', function(){\r\n        parseData();\r\n        const kind = btn.getAttribute('data-hnsj-dl'); \/\/ ris or bib\r\n        const langKey = lang || 'en';\r\n        const base = slugifyFileName(meta.doi || meta.title_en || meta.title_ar || 'citation');\r\n\r\n        if (kind === 'ris') {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.ris', buildRIS(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-research-info-systems;charset=utf-8');\r\n        } else {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.bib', buildBibTeX(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-bibtex;charset=utf-8');\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', (e)=>{\r\n      if(e.key === 'Escape' && modal.style.display === 'block') closeModal();\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function bootHnsjCite(){\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-cite-root]').forEach(initHnsjCite);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Run now if DOM already ready, otherwise wait\r\n  if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\r\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bootHnsjCite);\r\n  } else {\r\n    bootHnsjCite();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Also handle late injected content (builders\/cache)\r\n  const obs = new MutationObserver(() => bootHnsjCite());\r\n  obs.observe(document.documentElement, { childList: true, subtree: true });\r\n\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<div data-hnsj-cite-root id='hnsjCite_93874'>\r\n  <button type='button' class='hnsj-cite-btn' data-hnsj-open>\r\n    <span>\ud83d\udccc<\/span><span>Cite this article<\/span>\r\n  <\/button>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal-backdrop' data-hnsj-backdrop><\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal' data-hnsj-modal data-meta='{&quot;authors_en&quot;:&quot;Mahir Milad Sabea Assy&quot;,&quot;authors_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a&quot;,&quot;title_en&quot;:&quot;The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review&quot;,&quot;title_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629&quot;,&quot;journal_en&quot;:&quot;Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal&quot;,&quot;journal_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&quot;,&quot;year&quot;:&quot;2026&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;7&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;10&quot;,&quot;doi&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-3\\\/&quot;,&quot;published_at&quot;:&quot;2026-10-01&quot;}' data-cit-en='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;Assy M. M. S. (2026). The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Assy Mahir Milad Sabea. 2026. \\&quot;The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 10. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Assy M. M. S. 2026. The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-10-01. [Cited 2026-10-21]. 7(10). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-3\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Assy M. M. S. The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-10-01; 7(10). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Assy M. M. S, \\&quot;The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Assy Mahir Milad Sabea. \\&quot;The Reality of Practicing Self-Directed Learning Skills among Middle School Students in the Upper and Lower Galilee: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Theoretical Review.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026-10-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0645. \u0645. \u0633. (2026). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0639. 2026. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0645. \u0645. \u0633. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-10-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-10-21]. 7(10). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-3\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0645. \u0645. \u0633. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-10-01\u061b 7(10). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0645. \u0645. \u0633. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 10\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0639. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 10\u060c 2026-10-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/3&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644. \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2022 \u06482026\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a (26) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u064f\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> Contemporary education systems are shifting from a knowledge-transmission model towards one that places learners in charge of their own learning, making self-directed learning (SDL) skills an essential requirement for middle school students, whose stage marks the formation of academic autonomy. Despite the growing international and Arabic literature on SDL and self-regulated learning (SRL), available studies do not offer a focused analytical picture of how these skills are actually practised by middle school students in the Upper and Lower Galilee. This study aimed to define SDL skills and their dimensions, analyse the level of their practice as reflected in studies published between 2022 and 2026, identify the associated factors, and locate research gaps in the Galilee context. A descriptive-analytical design based on a structured theoretical review was adopted: twenty-six peer-reviewed Arabic and international studies met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and were analysed through a unified matrix covering sample, design, instrument, SDL dimensions, and findings. Results indicate that practice levels range from low to moderate in descriptive studies, with marked variation across dimensions: help-seeking emerged as the strongest skill, whereas reflection, self-evaluation, and time management were the weakest. Digital and AI-supported instructional interventions yielded a moderate positive effect. No recent field studies specifically addressing middle school students in the Galilee were identified, which the study frames as a research gap warranting comparative field research and the development of locally validated Arabic measurement tools. The study's distinct contribution lies in its conceptual clarification of the SDL-SRL distinction, its unified analytical matrix, and a proposed conceptual model that can ground future field research in the Galilee context.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> self-directed learning; self-regulated learning; middle school students; Upper Galilee; Lower Galilee.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064d \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 (Zuo et al., 2024). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u061f\u00bb \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u00ab\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u061f\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a (Garc\u00eda-Ros et al., 2023; Schweder &amp; Raufelder, 2022). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647 Kaya et al. (2026) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.2 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (Self-Directed Learning)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8211; \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 (Pearson &amp; Dub\u00e9, 2025; Kaya et al., 2026). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 Knowles\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2022-2026 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a\u060c 2026).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.3 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (Self-Regulated Learning) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (SDL) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (SRL) \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 &#8211; \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Zimmerman &#8211; \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 (\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u00bb \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 (SRL) \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 (SDL)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2026) \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.4 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 12-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627) \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (Schweder &amp; Raufelder, 2022). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 13 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0636\u062c \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (L\u00e4ms\u00e4 et al., 2025). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.5 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (Alenezy et al., 2022).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f &#8211; \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.6 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 (\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 &#8211; \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064e\u064a SDL \u0648SRL \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 (2022-2026) \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.7 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2022-2026\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.8 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.9 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u064a 2022 \u06482026\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Knowles\u060c Zimmerman\u060c Bandura) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 (12-18 \u0633\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.1 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (Analytical Literature Review) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Systematic Review) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 (Cross-Sectional) \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.2 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629: Google Scholar\u060c \u0648ERIC\u060c \u0648Scopus\u060c \u0648Web of Science\u060c \u0648ScienceDirect\u060c \u0648SpringerLink\u060c \u0648DOAJ\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629). \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> &#8220;self-directed learning&#8221;\u060c &#8220;self-regulated learning&#8221;\u060c &#8220;learning autonomy&#8221;\u060c &#8220;secondary school students&#8221;\u060c &#8220;middle school students&#8221;\u060c &#8220;adolescents&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.3 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c:<\/strong> \u0623\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u064a 2022 \u06482026 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 DOI \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.4 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 DOI \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (26) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: (16) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648(10) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a (Thematic Analysis) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Knowles \u0648Zimmerman \u0648Bandura.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.1.1 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (Knowles)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 Knowles \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u00bb (Scaffolds) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 (Pearson &amp; Dub\u00e9, 2025). \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0640Kaya et al. (2026) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.1.2 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (Zimmerman)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 Zimmerman \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 (\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2023) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 0.90\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0644 (2022). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a (Aksela et al., 2025; L\u00e4ms\u00e4 et al., 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.1.3 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Bandura)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (Villar &amp; Tinajero, 2023)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 (Garc\u00eda-Ros et al., 2023). \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 Bandura\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 (\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.1.4 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f Knowles \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u00bb \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d Zimmerman \u00ab\u0643\u064a\u0641\u00bb \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 Bandura \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u00bb \u064a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d (\u0634\u0643\u0644 1).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.2 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640(26) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a (\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (2022-2026)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Orheruata (2022)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Khatatba &amp; Zghoul (2022) \/ \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>463<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 SRL \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 SRL\u061b \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Alenezy et al. (2022)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a SRL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0640SRL \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Meral &amp; Altun Yal\u00e7\u0131n (2022)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0635\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 STEM \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Schweder &amp; Raufelder (2022)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>754 (\u0645=13.56)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\/\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Garc\u00eda-Ros et al. (2023)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>728<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\/\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 SRL \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>SRL\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>SRL \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Villar &amp; Tinajero (2023)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>561<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648SRL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0643 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640SRL \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Wu &amp; Sun (2023)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>170 (\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 SRL \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 SRL \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a SRL \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0626 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2023)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>400<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 SRL (\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646) \u03b1=0.90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2023)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Zuo et al. (2024)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>SRL \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Torres et al. (2024)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (2024)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648SRL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c SRL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Arvatz &amp; Dori (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>184<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 SRL \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f SRL \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Aksela et al. (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a SRL \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0639\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>L\u00e4ms\u00e4 et al. (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>179 (13 \u0633\u0646\u0629)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a SRL \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Pearson &amp; Dub\u00e9 (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>SDL \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 Maker<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Shi et al. (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>334<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a (\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 SRL \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>SRL \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Hetata et al. (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 SRL \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 SRL \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u064a (2025)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\/\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a SRL \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a SDL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c SRL \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kaya et al. (2026)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 (~43,775)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a SDL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>G\u00fcven &amp; E\u011fmir (2026)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 SRL \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>SRL \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2026)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a SDL \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a (2026)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644 (2026)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 SDL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0638\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640(26)\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f Orheruata (2022) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0644 (2022) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 (463) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2023) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (2024) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 13 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (L\u00e4ms\u00e4 et al., 2025; Aksela et al., 2025). \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u062f)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 (\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.2 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 STEM \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 (Meral &amp; Altun Yal\u00e7\u0131n, 2022)\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u060c 2026) \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a SRL (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c 2025) \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a (2026) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 (\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645) \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0636\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.3 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f Garc\u00eda-Ros et al. (2023) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (728) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a &#8211; \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Zuo et al. (2024) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.4 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0635\u062f L\u00e4ms\u00e4 et al. (2025) \u0648Aksela et al. (2025) \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 Wu &amp; Sun (2023) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.5 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f Arvatz &amp; Dori (2025) \u0644\u062f\u0649 (184) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a SRL \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Torres et al. (2024) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0647\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0623 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2023) \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.6 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a SRL \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Arvatz &amp; Dori (2025)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 Villar &amp; Tinajero (2023) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0641\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064a\u00bb (\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644) \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u00bb (\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628) \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a\u060c 2026).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3.7 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 (\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 SRL \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 (Hetata et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 (G\u00fcven &amp; E\u011fmir, 2026)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 Maker (Pearson &amp; Dub\u00e9, 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a (Schweder &amp; Raufelder, 2022). \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Kaya et al., 2026) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644 (12) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 (43,775) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.4 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.4.1 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 (Garc\u00eda-Ros et al., 2023). \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a &#8211; \u0623\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a (\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0644\u060c 2022)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c 2024). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 (Villar &amp; Tinajero, 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.4.2 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 Alenezy et al. (2022) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (Schweder &amp; Raufelder, 2022)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Torres et al., 2024)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u060c 2026\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.4.3 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Zuo et al., 2024; G\u00fcven &amp; E\u011fmir, 2026; Shi et al., 2025; \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c 2025). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a (Aksela et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a\u060c 2026). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.4.4 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 (Villar &amp; Tinajero, 2023)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (Zuo et al., 2024). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 &#8211; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 &#8211; \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.5 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640(26) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Arvatz &amp; Dori (2025) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2026) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0644 (2022) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629-\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064f\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (12-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629) \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064e\u064a SDL \u0648SRL \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 &#8211; \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 &#8211; \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 (3.6).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.6 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a-\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1610\" height=\"1234\" class=\"wp-image-18038\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1.png 1610w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1-300x230.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1-1024x785.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1-768x589.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1-1536x1177.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/word-image-17976-1-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1610px) 100vw, 1610px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4.1 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 Knowles<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 Knowles \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 (Kaya et al., 2026; \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c 2025\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u060c 2026). \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646: \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 Knowles \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0629\u00bb \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 (Schweder &amp; Raufelder, 2022; Pearson &amp; Dub\u00e9, 2025). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 Knowles\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u00bb \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a\u060c 2026).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4.2 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Zimmerman<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Zimmerman\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646: \u0641\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645) \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 (Arvatz &amp; Dori, 2025; Garc\u00eda-Ros et al., 2023; Torres et al., 2024). \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a (L\u00e4ms\u00e4 et al., 2025; Aksela et al., 2025) \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627: \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u00ab\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4.3 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 Bandura<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 (Villar &amp; Tinajero, 2023)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f (Garc\u00eda-Ros et al., 2023). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 Bandura \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u060c 2026)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Torres et al., 2024)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Shi et al., 2025). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4.4 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064e\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5.1 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 (26) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 2022 \u06482026 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647. \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647. \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5.2 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 &#8211; \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (12-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629) \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2022-2026 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 Knowles \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Zimmerman \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 Bandura \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (SDL) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (SRL) \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0632\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0627 &#8211; \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 &#8211; \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 1) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5.3 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a) \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629) \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644. (2022). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(3)\u060c 78-102.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khattatbeh, A. A., &amp; Zghoul, R. A. (2022). The predictive ability of cognitive endurance for self-regulated learning among secondary school students in Ajloun Governorate. Jordanian Educational Journal, 7(3), 78-102. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2026). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(16)\u060c 344-382.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Sulami, M. D. M., &amp; Al-Muajjal, T. M. (2026). The effectiveness of a jurisprudence unit based on the Suchman model in developing jurisprudential thinking and self-learning skills among secondary school students. Journal of Educational Studies and Research, 6(16), 344-382. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643. (2026). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. Journal of Educational and Human Sciences\u060c 52\u060c 113-124. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33193\/JEAHS.52.2026.781\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33193\/JEAHS.52.2026.781<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Sharif, A. A., &amp; Al-Ghamdi, R. M. (2026). Secondary school students\u2019 use of generative artificial intelligence tools in self-learning contexts: A descriptive analytical study. Journal of Educational and Human Sciences, 52, 113-124. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33193\/JEAHS.52.2026.781\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33193\/JEAHS.52.2026.781<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0625\u0641\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 4(1). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56961\/mejeps.v4i1.554\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56961\/mejeps.v4i1.554<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Saleh, I. A. Q. (2024). Future thinking and its relationship to self-regulated learning among secondary school students. Middle East Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 4(1). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56961\/mejeps.v4i1.554\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56961\/mejeps.v4i1.554<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0627\u064a\u0639. (2025). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1(99)\u060c 255-273. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57592\/djhr.v1i99.4035\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57592\/djhr.v1i99.4035<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Taie, A. K. D. (2025). The effect of an educational program based on self-regulated learning strategies on associative thinking and self-learning skills among fourth-year science-track students in chemistry. Diyala Journal for Human Research, 1(99), 255-273. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57592\/djhr.v1i99.4035\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57592\/djhr.v1i99.4035<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629. (2023). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 31(2)\u060c 313-333. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/ssj.2023.406161\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/ssj.2023.406161<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdel Aziz, N., Saleh, W., Hassan, D., &amp; Moshtarak, O. (2023). The effectiveness of electronic thinking maps in developing self-learning skills and academic achievement among secondary school students in biology. Educational Sciences, 31(2), 313-333. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/ssj.2023.406161\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/ssj.2023.406161<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0634\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644. (2026). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(5)\u060c 960-974. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/54\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/54<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ghanem, D. N. K., Ghanem, B. A. B., &amp; Al-Jazzar, R. A. K. (2026). The relationship between self-learning strategies and cognitive self-regulation skills among secondary school students in public schools in Tulkarm Governorate. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(5), 960-974. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/54\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/54<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644. (2025). \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fakharji, W. Z. K. (2025). The effectiveness of teaching physics using artificial intelligence applications in developing self-learning skills among secondary school students in Medina. Journal of the Saudi Scientific Association for Teachers. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646. (2023). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 46(100).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kazim, A. S., &amp; Ahmed, R. M. H. (2023). Self-regulated learning among secondary school students. Al-Mustansiriya Journal of Arts, 46(100). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hetata, A. M. M., Ibrahim, L. A.-B., &amp; Ghoneim, N. M. (2025). The effectiveness of using self-regulated learning activities (SRL) in improving secondary school students\u2019 EFL writing skills. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 [Journal of Faculty of Education, Menoufia University]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/muja.2025.417708<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Aksela, O., L\u00e4ms\u00e4, J., &amp; J\u00e4rvel\u00e4, S. (2025). Secondary school students\u2019 enacted self-regulated learning strategies in a computer-based writing task: Insights from digital trace data and interviews. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 30, 1727-1756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09789-4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Alenezy, H. M., Yeo, K. J., &amp; Kosnin, A. M. (2022). Impact of general and special education teachers\u2019 knowledge on their practices of self-regulated learning (SRL) in secondary schools in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Sustainability, 14(15), 9420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su14159420<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Arvatz, A., &amp; Dori, Y. J. (2025). Science and mathematics high school students\u2019 perceptions of self-regulated learning. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 23, 1467-1492.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Garc\u00eda-Ros, R., P\u00e9rez-Gonz\u00e1lez, F., Tom\u00e1s, J. M., &amp; Sancho, P. (2023). Effects of self-regulated learning and procrastination on academic stress, subjective well-being, and academic achievement in secondary education. Current Psychology, 42, 26602-26616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-022-03759-8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>G\u00fcven, S., &amp; E\u011fmir, E. (2026). Flipped classroom practices as contextual scaffolds for online self-regulated learning and academic achievement in secondary EFL education. Discover Education, 5, 544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44217-026-01555-1<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Kaya, M., G\u00fcvercin Se\u00e7kin, G., &amp; Arslan, Z. (2026). The effects of self-directed learning-oriented interventions on student learning outcomes: A second-order meta-analysis. International Journal of Educational Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijer.2026.103071<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>L\u00e4ms\u00e4, J., de Mooij, S., Aksela, O., Athavale, S., Bistolfi, I., Azevedo, R., Bannert, M., Ga\u0161evi\u0107, D., Molenaar, I., &amp; J\u00e4rvel\u00e4, S. (2025). Measuring secondary education students\u2019 self-regulated learning processes with digital trace data. Learning and Individual Differences, 118, 102625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lindif.2024.102625<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Meral, M., &amp; Altun Yal\u00e7\u0131n, S. (2022). The effect of entrepreneurship-based STEM education on secondary school students\u2019 self-regulation skills. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 12(1).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Orheruata, M. U. (2022). Assessment of senior secondary school students\u2019 self-regulated learning in Ovia South West Local Government Area, Edo State. Asia-Africa Journal of Education Research, 2, 178-189.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Pearson, H. A., &amp; Dub\u00e9, A. K. (2025). Developing maker activities to enhance adolescents\u2019 self-directed learning: A systematic review. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 44, 100739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcci.2025.100739<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Schweder, S., &amp; Raufelder, D. (2022). Adolescents\u2019 enjoyment and effort in class: Influenced by self-directed learning intervals. Journal of School Psychology, 95, 72-89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsp.2022.09.002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Shi, L., Li, S., &amp; Xing, J. (2025). Exploring Chinese secondary EFL students\u2019 self-regulated learning and task engagement in AI-assisted classrooms: A latent growth curve modelling study. European Journal of Education. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejed.70241<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Torres, A. C., Duarte, M., Pinto, D., &amp; Mouraz, A. (2024). Self-regulated learning in secondary school: Students\u2019 self-feedback in a peer observation programme. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 83, 101407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stueduc.2024.101407<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Villar, E., &amp; Tinajero, C. (2023). Perceived social support and its relationship with self-regulated learning, goal orientation self-management, and academic achievement. European Journal of Psychology of Education. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10212-023-00752-y<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Wu, M., &amp; Sun, D. (2023). Investigating students\u2019 performance at self-regulated learning and its effects on learning outcomes in chemistry class at the senior secondary school. International Journal of Science Education, 45(16), 1395-1418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09500693.2023.2209693<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zuo, M., Zhong, Q., Wang, Q., Yan, Y., Liang, L., Gao, W., &amp; Luo, H. (2024). Supporting home-based self-regulated learning for secondary school students: An educational design study. Sustainability, 16(3), 1199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su16031199<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 1.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17976","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17976"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17976\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18039,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17976\/revisions\/18039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}