{"id":17740,"date":"2026-09-01T00:55:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-9-37\/"},"modified":"2026-09-01T01:36:52","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T01:36:52","slug":"7-9-37","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-9-37\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 37"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0641\u0647\u062f\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: adan86_6@hotmail.com     s12587567@stu.najah.edu<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Fahdi Ghanem<sup>1<\/sup>, Adnan Mohsen<sup>1<\/sup>, Hurrah Atila<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> PhD in Education and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> adan86_6@hotmail.com; s12587567@stu.najah.edu<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/37' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/37<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/37' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/37<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (9). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 671 - 697<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-22 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-09-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue9\/7-9-37.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Ghanem Fahdi, Mohsen Adan, Atila Hurra. 2026. \\&quot;A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 9. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Ghanem F., Mohsen A., Atiyah H.. 2026. A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-09-01. [Cited 2026-09-01]. 7(9). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-9-37\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Ghanem F., Mohsen A., Atiyah H.. A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-09-01; 7(9). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Ghanem F., Mohsen A., Atiyah H., \\&quot;A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Ghanem Fahdi, Mohsen Adan, Atila Hurra. \\&quot;A Content Analysis of the Fifth-Grade Ministerial Mathematics Exam Questions for Arabic Speakers in Light of Test Construction Quality Standards and Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026-09-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d. (2026). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0629. 2026. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-09-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-09-01]. 7(9). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-9-37\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-09-01\u061b 7(9). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 9\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/37&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0629. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 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data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study analyzes the content of fifth\u2011grade ministerial mathematics exam questions for Arabic\u2011speaking students from 2015 to 2020 in light of test construction quality standards and Bloom\u2019s revised taxonomy of cognitive objectives. The descriptive analytical method was applied using quantitative content analysis, covering all questions in six official exams with a total of 207 analysis units. Questions were classified according to Bloom\u2019s six cognitive levels, with justification provided to ensure consistency and objectivity. Results showed that the understanding level ranked highest (24.6%), followed by application (22.2%) and analysis (21.3%). In contrast, evaluation (5.8%) and creation (7.2%) were minimally represented, indicating limited assessment of higher\u2011order thinking skills. A chi\u2011square goodness\u2011of\u2011fit test revealed statistically significant differences between the actual and expected distributions of cognitive levels, with a medium effect size, indicating imbalance in exam construction. No significant differences were found across exam years, suggesting stability in exam design practices during the study period. The study recommends increasing the proportion of questions targeting evaluation and creative thinking, revising test specifications, and training exam developers to design items that assess higher\u2011order thinking skills.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Content analysis, ministerial exam, Bloom\u2019s taxonomy, test quality, mathematics.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 (Quantitative Content Analysis)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 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\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 (Anderson &amp; Krathwohl, 2001)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 (Remember)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 (Understand)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (Apply)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (Analyze)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 (Evaluate)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (Create)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 2015 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2020\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1)\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>34<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2020<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">6<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 (207) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 (Comprehensive Census)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020)\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u064f\u0646\u0651\u0650\u0641 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\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Research Instrument)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 (Revised Bloom&#8217;s Taxonomy). \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 (Development of the Content Analysis Instrument)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u064f\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 (2015\u20132020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0637\u064f\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064f\u0631\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Validity of the Instrument)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a (Face Validity)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 (Content Validity)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Reliability of the Instrument)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a <em>(<\/em>Reliability) \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a: <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646<\/strong> (Intra\u2011rater Reliability<em>)<\/em>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong> (Inter\u2011rater Reliability)\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/strong> <em>(<\/em>Holsti\u2019s Coefficient<em>)<\/em> \u0648<strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 <\/strong>(Cohen\u2019s Kappa). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (0.80)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2):\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 (\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Holsti<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cohen&#8217;s Kappa<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 (Quality Assurance)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Methodological Considerations)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Statistical Analysis)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (Frequencies)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Percentages)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(Chi-square Goodness-of-Fit Test) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 (25%)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 (30%)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (25%)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 (20%)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 (Effect Size)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cohen&#8217;s w\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3)\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642 Cohen&#8217;s w<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.10<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.30<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.50 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 (Chi-square Test of Independence)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062f\u064f\u0645\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631(Cramer&#8217;s V)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644Cramer&#8217;s V \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cramer&#8217;s V<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.10<\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.10\u20130.29<\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.30\u20130.49<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.50 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: (\u03b1 = 0.05) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (p) \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (0.05) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u03b1 = 0.05).. \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6)\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (Chi-square Goodness-of-Fit) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cohen&#8217;s w<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 (Chi-square Test of Independence) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cramer&#8217;s V<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Results)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020) \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cohen&#8217;s w\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Cramer&#8217;s V. \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (%)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18.8<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24.6<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22.2<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>21.3<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7.2<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5.8<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100.0<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (207) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u063a (51) \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (24.6%) \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 (46) \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (22.2%)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 (44) \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (21.3%)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 (39) \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (18.8%)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (15) \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (7.2%)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 (12) \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (5.8%). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>34<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>2019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>2020<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2015 \u06482016\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637.\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2018 \u06482019\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 (Cohen&#8217;s w) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (%)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 (%)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 (\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18.8<\/td>\n<td>25.0<\/td>\n<td>-6.2<\/td>\n<td>51.75<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24.6<\/td>\n<td>30.0<\/td>\n<td>-5.4<\/td>\n<td>62.10<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22.2<\/td>\n<td>25.0<\/td>\n<td>-2.8<\/td>\n<td>51.75<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>34.3<\/td>\n<td>20.0<\/td>\n<td>+14.3<\/td>\n<td>41.40<\/td>\n<td>71<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 + \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100.0<\/td>\n<td>100.0<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>207.00<\/td>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (34.3%) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (20.0%). \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 (14.3) \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (2.8) \u0648(6.2) \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (N)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>26.93<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a (\u03c7\u00b2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (df)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&lt;0.001<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.36<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 (Cohen&#8217;s w)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (\u03c7\u00b2 = 26.93) \u0639\u0646\u062f (3) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (p &lt; 0.001)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d.\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 (Cohen&#8217;s w = 0.36)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132020)\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 (Chi-Square Test of Independence) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (11) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>34<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>2019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>2020<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>71<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (11) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (2015\u20132017)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a (2018\u20132019)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 (2020). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (12).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (12): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (N)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2.30<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a (\u03c7\u00b2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (df)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.999<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.061<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cramer&#8217;s V<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (5)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (12) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (\u03c7\u00b2 = 2.30) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (15)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a (p = 0.999)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f (0.05)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Cramer&#8217;s V \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (0.061)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (2015) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (2020)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 2015\u20132017 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2018\u20132020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(13): \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>108<\/td>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>2015\u20132017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>99<\/td>\n<td>34<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>2018\u20132020<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>71<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 (24.6%) \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (22.2%) \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (21.3%).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (7.2%) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 (5.8%) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2015\u20132020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u063925\u060c 319\u2013330. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1489224\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1489224<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Saif, Musa Ahmed. (2024). Educational measurement and evaluation. Al-Tarbawi Journal, (25), 319\u2013330. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1489224\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1489224<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646. (2024). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639118\u060c 591\u2013621. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1450578\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1450578<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hazmi, Hanan bint Ali Yahya, &amp; Al-Shehri, Sami bin Musbeh bin Gharman. (2024). The degree to which higher-order thinking skills are represented in secondary-school mathematics examinations. The Educational Journal, (118), 591\u2013621. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1450578\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1450578<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0631\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644. (2023). \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 2020\u20132021 \u06482021\u20132022. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c2\u060c \u06393\u060c 1\u201310. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1570566\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1570566<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Haji, Mustafa Rahim, &amp; Al-Saadi, Mustafa Raad Abdulrasoul. (2023). An evaluation of the ministerial examination questions for the third intermediate grade in mathematics according to the levels of depth of mathematical knowledge for the academic years 2020\u20132021 and 2021\u20132022. African Journal of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(3), 1\u201310. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1570566\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1570566<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. (2024). \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c19\u060c \u06391\u060c 43\u201357. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1476469\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1476469<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dana, Hani, &amp; Boukendoura, Roukia. (2024). Methods for evaluating the quality of criterion-referenced tests. Dafatir Al-Makhbar Journal, 19(1), 43\u201357. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1476469\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1476469<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063949\u060c 269\u2013296. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1055023\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1055023<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zaidi, Lamine, &amp; Sahl, Leila. (2020). Tests and their role in achieving the principle of educational quality. The Arabic Language Journal, (49), 269\u2013296. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1055023\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1055023<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649. (2021). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2019\u20132020\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u063928\u060c 487\u2013505. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1225439\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1225439<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Saqqaf, Abduldayem Abdulrahman Yahya. (2021). An analysis of the mathematics questions in the General Basic Education Certificate examinations in the Republic of Yemen for the 2019\u20132020 academic year in light of Bloom\u2019s taxonomy of cognitive objectives. Al-Qalam Journal, (28), 487\u2013505. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1225439\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1225439<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631. (2020). \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063978\u060c 617\u2013628. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1091130\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1091130<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sayed, Essam Mohammed Abdel-Qader. (2020). Why content analysis? The Educational Journal, (78), 617\u2013628. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1091130\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1091130<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a. (2024). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 (Bloom). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c32\u060c \u06394\u060c 357\u2013381. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1532801\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1532801<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Sharafi, Abdulrahman bin Mohammed bin Ali. (2024). An analysis of the assessment questions prepared by faculty members in the Department of Islamic Studies at the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Al-Baha University, in light of Bloom\u2019s taxonomy. Educational Sciences, 32(4), 357\u2013381. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1532801\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1532801<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2024). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063920\u060c 187\u2013220. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646: <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1524260\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1524260<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Atiq, Abdulmohsen bin Mubarak Ahmed. (2024). A content analysis of final-examination questions for jurisprudence courses in the Bachelor of Sharia program in light of higher-order thinking skills according to Bloom\u2019s taxonomy of cognitive levels. Journal of the Islamic University for Educational and Social Sciences, (20), 187\u2013220. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1524260\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/record\/1524260<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>References: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Azis, A., Handayani, I. T., Ferniati, F., Anggriana, N., &amp; Aisyah, A. (2023). *Analysis of students\u2019 cognitive difficulties based on the revised Bloom\u2019s taxonomy in solving mathematics problems*. Focus Action of Research Mathematic, 6(1), 117\u2013138.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fouhma, K., &amp; Rabhi, I. (2024). Quality standards for achievement tests and steps for building a good achievement test. Revue d&#8217;\u00e9tudes et de recherche sociale, 12(2), 171\u2013186.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Magdalena, I., Nurchayati, A., Saputri, A. N., Amanda, N. Z., Habibie, N., Waluyo, S. N., &amp; Nisa, D. K. (2023). *Analisis Taksonomi Bloom dalam Mengidentifikasi Tingkat Kesulitan Pertanyaan Soal dalam Mata Pelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Dasar*. Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Budaya, 2(3), 141\u2013150.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Manouchehri, A., Yao, X., Fleming, J., &amp; Gomez, C. (2016). *What do mathematics achievement examinations assess? A critical item analysis*. Journal of Mathematics Education, 9(2), 45\u201362.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Orhani, S. (2024). *Preparation of tests from the subject of mathematics according to Bloom\u2019s taxonomy*. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 5(2), 2335\u20132345.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">P\u0131nar, A., &amp; Ocak, G. (2025). *Examining the 2018 mathematics curriculum 5th grade achievements in terms of 21st century skills according to Bloom and Haladyna\u2019s taxonomies*. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 18(1), 77\u201398.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629. 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