{"id":17733,"date":"2026-09-01T00:55:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:55:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-9-30\/"},"modified":"2026-09-01T01:27:55","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T01:27:55","slug":"7-9-30","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-9-30\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 30"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0634\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644<sup>2<\/sup>\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<sup>3<\/sup>\u060c \u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a<sup>4<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p>\"1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b  (ORCID):  0009-0004-1900-1588<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:  marleneesawi@hotmail.com<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b (ORCID):  0009-0005-8471-5912<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:  nofalshatha00@gmail.com<\/p><p><sup>3<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b (ORCID):  0009-0006-9726-4150<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:  monasalaheddeen@gmail.com<\/p><p><sup>4<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b (ORCID):  000-003-0370-871X<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:  alia_71@najah.edu\"<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Marlene Daeem Essawi\u00b9, Shatha Yousef Nofal\u00b2, Mona Mahmoud Salah Al-Din\u00b3, Dr. Alia Assali\u2074<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. ORCID: 0009-0004-1900-1588.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> marleneesawi@hotmail.com;<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. ORCID: 0009-0005-8471-5912.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> nofalshatha00@gmail.com;<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>3<\/sup> Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. ORCID: 0009-0006-9726-4150.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> monasalaheddeen@gmail.com;<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>4<\/sup> Curriculum and Instruction, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. ORCID: 000-003-0370-871X.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> alia_71@najah.edu<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/30' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/30<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/30' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/30<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (9). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 551 - 570<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-18 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-09-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue9\/7-9-30.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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D., Nofal S. Y., Salah Al-Din M. M., Assali A.. (2026). The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Essawi Marlene Daeem, Nofal Shatha Yousef, Salah Al-Din Mona Mahmoud, Assali Alia. 2026. \\&quot;The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 9. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Essawi M. D., Nofal S. Y., Salah Al-Din M. M., Assali A.. 2026. The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-09-01. [Cited 2026-09-01]. 7(9). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-9-30\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Essawi M. D., Nofal S. Y., Salah Al-Din M. M., Assali A.. The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-09-01; 7(9). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Essawi M. D., Nofal S. Y., Salah Al-Din M. M., Assali A., \\&quot;The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Essawi Marlene Daeem, Nofal Shatha Yousef, Salah Al-Din Mona Mahmoud, Assali Alia. \\&quot;The Degree to Which Artificial Intelligence Applications Contribute to Developing Research Skills among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026-09-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645. \u062f.\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644 \u0634. \u064a\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639. (2026). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644 \u0634\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621. 2026. \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645. \u062f.\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644 \u0634. \u064a\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. 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RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to determine the degree to which artificial intelligence applications contribute to developing research skills among faculty members at the Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University in Nablus. It also examined differences in faculty members\u2019 perceptions according to gender, years of teaching experience, and the academic program level they taught. The study employed a quantitative descriptive-analytical approach. The study population comprised 111 faculty members during the 2025\u20132026 academic year, from whom a stratified random sample of 95 participants was selected. Data were collected using a 24-item questionnaire whose validity was established through expert review. The instrument demonstrated high internal consistency, with a Cronbach\u2019s alpha coefficient of 0.97. The findings indicated that artificial intelligence applications contributed to developing research skills to a high degree, with an overall mean of 3.51, a standard deviation of 0.69, and a relative weight of 70.2%. Improving academic accuracy ranked first, with a mean of 4.02, whereas formulating research questions and generating ideas ranked last, with a moderate mean of 2.96. The results also revealed statistically significant differences in participants\u2019 perceptions according to gender, in favor of males; years of teaching experience, in favor of those with fewer than ten years of experience; and the academic program level taught, in favor of faculty members teaching master\u2019s programs compared with those teaching doctoral programs. The study concluded that the informed and responsible use of artificial intelligence applications in scientific research should be strengthened. It recommended providing periodic training programs, developing institutional guidelines for the ethical use of these applications, and offering university-funded subscriptions that enable faculty members to access specialized artificial intelligence tools supporting scientific research.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> artificial intelligence applications, research skills, faculty members, graduate studies, An-Najah National University.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (Artificial Intelligence &#8211; AI). \u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a (Al-Sayad &amp; Al-Salem, 2023). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (Salhi et al., 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Al-Soeeryah, 2025). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647 (Ekundayo et al., 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (Zoghbor, 2024\u061b Zaabta &amp; Sebbagh, 2023)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 (Sebti, &amp; Abbas, 2024). \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0650\u0642\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (Salhi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Ekundayo et al., 2024)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 (Almughairi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0650\u062b \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 (Zoghbor, 2024)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 (Mabirizi et al., 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0651\u064f\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a (Almughairi et al., 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a 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justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (<strong>\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627<\/strong>): &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 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\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (<strong>\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627<\/strong>): &#8220;\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Anwar, 2025)<sub>\u060c <\/sub>\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Ekundayo et al., 2024). \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 (Zhao et al., 2025). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 (Al-Rashdiah &amp; Al-Dhuhli, 2023 ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (Meirmans, 2024)\u061b \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 (Hanifa &amp; Amro, 2024)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;mill papers&#8221;\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Wang, 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Sa\u011f\u0131n et al., 2023). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a (Baidoo-Anu, 2023). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 (ChatGPT) \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Google Bard) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 (DALL-E) \u0648 (Midjourney) \u0648 (Stable Diffusion). \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 (Sa\u011f\u0131n et al., 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Google Scholar) \u0648 (Semantic Scholar)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (ChatGPT) \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a (Salhi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Zhao et al., 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Al-Shammari, 2024)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (Anwar, 2025). \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 (Mabirizi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Zotero) \u0648 (EndNote) (Salhi et al., 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (Larit &amp; Doghmane, 2024)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (Rabea &amp; Abd-Elfatah, 2024). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 (Anwar, 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 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\u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Salhi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0631\u064a (Al-Shammari, 2024) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 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\u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Salhi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Omar et al., 2024)\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0639 (Jallad &amp; Qashoua, 2025). \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2025-2026 (111) \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (95) \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>%37.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<td>%62.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>95<\/td>\n<td>%100.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>%37.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>%34.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>%27.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>95<\/td>\n<td>%100.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>%25.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10- 20 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>%43.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>%31.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>95<\/td>\n<td>%100.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0623\u0646 (62.1%) \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 (37.9%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a (37,9%) \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648(34,7%) \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648 (27.4%) \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a (25.3%) \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648(43.2%) \u0645\u0646 10-20 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648(31.6%) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a 19 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Monika et al., 2023)\u060c \u06484 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Fabiano et al., 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a (0.97) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2): \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>0.97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u061f <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1.<\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>4.02<\/td>\n<td>0.74<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>80.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2.<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (ChatPDF) \u0648(RobotReviewer) \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>4.00<\/td>\n<td>0.85<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>80.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3.<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>3.88<\/td>\n<td>0.83<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>77.6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<td>3.82<\/td>\n<td>0.95<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>76.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5.<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<td>3.81<\/td>\n<td>0.98<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>76.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6.<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0640\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/td>\n<td>3.76<\/td>\n<td>1.01<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>75.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7.<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>3.72<\/td>\n<td>1.06<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>74.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8.<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>3.66<\/td>\n<td>0.95<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>73.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9.<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>3.65<\/td>\n<td>1.05<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>73.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10.<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>3.62<\/td>\n<td>1.12<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>72.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11.<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>3.56<\/td>\n<td>1.13<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>71.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12.<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>3.55<\/td>\n<td>1.09<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>71.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13.<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.55<\/td>\n<td>1.01<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>71.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14.<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (ChatGPT) \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>3.52<\/td>\n<td>0.98<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>70.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15.<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Mendeley) ) \u0648 (Zotero) \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631.<\/td>\n<td>3.48<\/td>\n<td>1.28<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>69.6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16.<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>3.48<\/td>\n<td>1.18<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>69.6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17.<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>3.41<\/td>\n<td>1.11<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>68.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18.<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Grammarly) \u0648 (QuillBot) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>3.32<\/td>\n<td>1.19<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>66.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19.<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.22<\/td>\n<td>1.12<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>66.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20.<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/td>\n<td>3.21<\/td>\n<td>1.20<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>64.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>21.<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b.<\/td>\n<td>3.11<\/td>\n<td>1.15<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>62.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22.<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>3.06<\/td>\n<td>1.30<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>61.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>23.<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>2.96<\/td>\n<td>1.30<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>59.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24.<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (ChatGPT) \u0623\u0648 (Elicit.org) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/td>\n<td>2.96<\/td>\n<td>1.19<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>59.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.51<\/td>\n<td>0.69<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>70.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a (3.51)\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (17) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635: &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (4.02) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (5) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635: &#8220;\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (ChatGPT) \u0623\u0648 (<a href=\"http:\/\/elicit.org\">Elicit.org<\/a>) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (2.96) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <strong>\u0627<\/strong>\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Ekundayo et al., 2024) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Salhi et al., 2025) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (5) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0631\u064a (Al-Shammari, 2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Almansour et al., 2025)\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0639 (<a id=\"post-17733-_Hlk224826979\"><\/a>Jallad &amp; Qashoua, 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Salhi et al., 2025) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17733-_q3ooqe9qg4u6\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<strong> \u0646\u062d\u0648 <\/strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a&#8221; \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 (Independent samples t-Test) \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a&#8221; \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0630\u0643\u0631 ( \u0646=36)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649 ( \u0646 =59)<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u062a)<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.76<\/td>\n<td>0.66<\/td>\n<td>3.36<\/td>\n<td>0.67<\/td>\n<td>2.84<\/td>\n<td>0.00*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0631\u064a (Al-Shammari, 2024)\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Salhi et al., 2025)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Almansour et al., 2025)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0639 (Jallad &amp; Qashoua, 2025) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>4.0625<\/td>\n<td>.62070<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10-20<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>3.3919<\/td>\n<td>.54286<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>3.2417<\/td>\n<td>.72313<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>95<\/td>\n<td>3.5139<\/td>\n<td>.69856<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One-way ANOVA) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0641)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>10.057<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>5.028<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">12.917<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">**.000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>35.813<\/td>\n<td>92<\/td>\n<td>.389<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>45.870<\/td>\n<td>94<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (LSD) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 LSD \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10<\/td>\n<td>10-20<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.67062*<\/td>\n<td>0.82083*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10-20<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.15021<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10) \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (10-20) \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10) \u0648\u0645\u0646 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20) \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0641\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a (Al-Zahrani, 2025)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0639 (Jallad &amp; Qashoua, 2025) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Almansour et al., 2025) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>3.7546<\/td>\n<td>.51416<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>3.3101<\/td>\n<td>.86353<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>3.4391<\/td>\n<td>.60510<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>95<\/td>\n<td>3.5139<\/td>\n<td>.69856<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One-way ANOVA) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0641)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>3.602<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>1.801<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">3.920<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">*.023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>42.268<\/td>\n<td>92<\/td>\n<td>.459<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>45.870<\/td>\n<td>94<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (LSD) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 LSD \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.44452*<\/td>\n<td>0.31553<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.12899-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05=\u03b1) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Abed, L., &amp; Quttainy, F. 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Assessment of AI ethical reflection: the development and validation of the AI ethical reflection scale (AIERS) for university students. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 22(19). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-025-00519-z<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zaabta, S., &amp; Sebbagh, O. (2023). The use of artificial intelligence tools in scientific research in the field of social and human sciences advantages and limits. <em>Journal of Human Sciences, 34<\/em>(3), 145-163. <a href=\"https:\/\/revue.umc.edu.dz\/h\/article\/view\/4086\">https:\/\/revue.umc.edu.dz\/h\/article\/view\/4086<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zhao, G., Sheng, H., Wang, Y., Cai, X., &amp; Long, T. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence amplifies the role of critical thinking skills and reduces reliance on prior knowledge while promoting in-depth learning. <em>Education Sciences, 15<\/em>(5), 554. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci15050554\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci15050554<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zoghbor, W. (2024). Empowering research with AI: Balancing innovation and ethical responsibility. <em>Faculty of Education Journal,<\/em> <em>40<\/em>(11), 136-155. <a href=\"http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/1566481\">http:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/1566481<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (Artificial Intelligence &#8211; AI). \u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17733","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17733"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17802,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17733\/revisions\/17802"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}