{"id":17728,"date":"2026-09-01T00:55:57","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:55:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-9-25\/"},"modified":"2026-09-01T01:24:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T01:24:07","slug":"7-9-25","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-9-25\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 25"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Hamad87hr@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Hamad Rashid Mohan\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 Dhi Qar Directorate of Education, Research and Studies Division, Iraq.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> Hamad87hr@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/25' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/25<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/25' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/25<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (9). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 479 - 490<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-18 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-09-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue9\/7-9-25.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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R.. (2026). The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Mohan Hamad Rashid. 2026. \\&quot;The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 9. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Mohan H. R.. 2026. The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-09-01. [Cited 2026-09-01]. 7(9). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-9-25\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Mohan H. R.. The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-09-01; 7(9). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Mohan H. R., \\&quot;The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Mohan Hamad Rashid. \\&quot;The Impact of Financial Literacy, Market Orientation, and Education on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026-09-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062d. \u0631. 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https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u00ab\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 9\u060c 2026-09-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/25&quot;}'>\r\n    <div 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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to develop an integrated conceptual framework explaining the impact of financial literacy, market orientation, and education on business performance, while examining the mediating role of innovation in these relationships. Drawing on the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities Theory, the study employed a descriptive-analytical approach based on a critical review of the theoretical literature and previous studies related to the study variables. It analyzed the relationships among these variables and integrated them into a unified theoretical model. The review revealed that financial literacy and education constitute knowledge-based resources that enhance decision-making efficiency, risk management, resource allocation, and the absorption of new knowledge. Market orientation, meanwhile, provides the information and strategic insight required to understand customer needs and competitors\u2019 actions. The study also concluded that these resources and capabilities do not necessarily affect performance directly; rather, their influence is largely transmitted through product and process innovation. Innovation functions as a transformational mechanism that converts knowledge and market opportunities into economic value and superior financial, operational, and marketing outcomes. Accordingly, the study proposed a conceptual model in which innovation mediates the relationships between financial literacy, market orientation, and education, on the one hand, and business performance, on the other. It also formulated a set of research propositions for empirical testing in future studies. The study recommended aligning investments in education, financial literacy development, and market orientation with innovation strategies to enhance performance and sustain competitive advantage.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Financial Literacy; Market Orientation; Education; Innovation; Business Performance; Resource-Based View; Dynamic Capabilities.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f (Resource-Based View &#8211; RBV)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Financial Literacy) \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 (Market Orientation) \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (Innovation) \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 (\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 (\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 (\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642). \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 (Business Performance) \u0628\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645)\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644&#8221; (Business Performance) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f (Resource-Based View &#8211; RBV) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0647\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Theoretical Gap) \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f (The Black Box): \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Mechanism) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0632\u0644\u061b \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645&#8221;. \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a (Integrative Model) \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644) \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f &#8220;\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647: \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong> \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a: \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f&#8221; (Resource-Based View &#8211; RBV) \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Dynamic Capabilities).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 (Business Environments)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 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\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 (Barney, 1991).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 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<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 (Lusardi &amp; Mitchell, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0647\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 (Atkinson &amp; Messy, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Wise, 2013).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 (Narver &amp; Slater)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 (Customer Orientation)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 (Competitor Orientation)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a (Inter-functional Coordination). \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Narver &amp; Slater, 1990).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (Kohli &amp; Jaworski, 1990).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 &#8220;\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221; (Insight) \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 (Kirca et al., 2005).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Becker, 1964).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Cohen &amp; Levinthal, 1990).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 (Unger et al., 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642&#8221;. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645). \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (OECD, 2005).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a (Damanpour, 1991).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 (\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a) \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d (\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621). \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Han et al., 1998).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 (ROI)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 (ROA)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a) (Venkatraman &amp; Ramanujam, 1986).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c &#8220;\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646&#8221; (Balanced Scorecard) \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Kaplan &amp; Norton, 1992).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 (Premium Prices) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 (Rosenbusch et al., 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629&#8221; (Ability)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647&#8221; (Willingness &amp; Direction)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Process)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629&#8221; (Outcome). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Atkinson, A., &amp; Messy, F. (2012). Measuring financial literacy: Results of the OECD \/ International Network on Financial Education (INFE) Pilot Study. OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions, No. 15, OECD Publishing.<\/li>\n<li>Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99\u2013120.<\/li>\n<li>Becker, G. S. (1964). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education. University of Chicago Press.<\/li>\n<li>Cohen, W. M., &amp; Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128\u2013152.<\/li>\n<li>Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 555\u2013590.<\/li>\n<li>Han, J. K., Kim, N., &amp; Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market orientation and organizational performance: Is innovation a missing link? Journal of Marketing, 62(4), 30\u201345.<\/li>\n<li>Kaplan, R. S., &amp; Norton, D. P. (1992). The balanced scorecard: Measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review, 70(1), 71\u201379.<\/li>\n<li>Kirca, A. H., Jayachandran, S., &amp; Bearden, W. O. (2005). Market orientation: A meta-analytic review and assessment of its antecedents and impact on performance. Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 24\u201341.<\/li>\n<li>Kohli, A. K., &amp; Jaworski, B. J. (1990). Market orientation: The construct, research propositions, and managerial implications. Journal of Marketing, 54(2), 1\u201318.<\/li>\n<li>Lusardi, A., &amp; Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5\u201344.<\/li>\n<li>Narver, J. C., &amp; Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 20\u201335.<\/li>\n<li>OECD. (2005). Oslo Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data (3rd ed.). OECD Publishing.<\/li>\n<li>Rosenbusch, N., Brinckmann, J., &amp; Bausch, A. (2011). Is innovation always beneficial? A meta-analysis of the relationship between innovation and performance in SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(4), 441\u2013457.<\/li>\n<li>Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., &amp; Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509\u2013533.<\/li>\n<li>Unger, J. M., Rauch, A., Frese, M., &amp; Rosenbusch, N. (2011). Human capital and entrepreneurial success: A meta-analytical review. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(3), 341\u2013358.<\/li>\n<li>Venkatraman, N., &amp; Ramanujam, V. (1986). Measurement of business performance in strategy research: A comparison of approaches. Academy of Management Review, 11(4), 801\u2013814.<\/li>\n<li>Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171\u2013180.<\/li>\n<li>Wise, S. (2013). The impact of financial literacy on new venture survival. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(23), 30\u201339.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628.\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0631. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629: \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 33-47.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bahri, B., &amp; Al-Wahli, R. (2024). The university\u2019s entrepreneurial orientation: The experience of British universities. Al-Hadath Journal of Financial and Economic Studies, 33\u201347. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623. \u0644. (2018). \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c 895-928.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdel-Aal, A. L. (2018). The impact of organizational learning on performance through the mediating role of technical innovation: An applied study of public-sector textile and spinning companies. Scientific Journal of Commercial and Environmental Studies, 895\u2013928. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623.\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0634.\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0635. \u0645. (2021). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c 428-449.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Metwally, A., Hassan, S., &amp; Ibrahim, S. M. (2021). A study of the impact of high-performance human resource work systems. Scientific Journal of Commercial and Environmental Studies, 428\u2013449. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645. \u0631.\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0639. \u0623. (2014). \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 79-109.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hadi, M. R., &amp; Faris, A. A. (2014). From traditional finance to behavioral finance: A radical shift\u2014A theoretical study of the major contemporary traditional and behavioral financial paradigms. Iraqi Journal of Administrative Sciences, 79\u2013109. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17728","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17728"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17728\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17796,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17728\/revisions\/17796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}