{"id":17706,"date":"2026-09-01T00:55:46","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:55:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-9-3\/"},"modified":"2026-09-01T01:01:29","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T01:01:29","slug":"7-9-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-9-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0628\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0629<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: balkees_567@hotmail.com<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: farhatrose8@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Balkees Suliman Amasha\u00b9, Rose Suliman Abu Saleh Farhat\u00b2<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 PhD in Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> balkees_567@hotmail.com; \u00b2 PhD in Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> farhatrose8@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (9). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 57 - 77<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-05 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-12 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-09-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue9\/7-9-3.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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S., Farhat R. S. A.. (2026). The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Amasha Balkees Suliman, Farhat Rose Suliman Abu Saleh. 2026. \\&quot;The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 9. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Amasha B. S., Farhat R. S. A.. 2026. The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-09-01. [Cited 2026-09-01]. 7(9). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-9-3\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Amasha B. S., Farhat R. S. A.. The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-09-01; 7(9). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Amasha B. S., Farhat R. S. A., \\&quot;The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Amasha Balkees Suliman, Farhat Rose Suliman Abu Saleh. \\&quot;The Degree of School Principals\u2019 Practice of Change Leadership and Its Relationship to Design Thinking-Based Learning Environments in the Golan Heights.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026-09-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639. \u0628. \u0633\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0631. \u0633. \u0623. (2026). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d. 2026. \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0639. \u0628. \u0633\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0631. \u0633. \u0623. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-09-01. 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The present study aimed to identify the degree to which school principals in the Golan Heights practice change leadership from teachers' perspectives, determine the level of availability of design thinking-based learning environments, and examine the correlational relationship between these two variables. The researcher adopted the descriptive correlational approach, as it was appropriate to the nature and objectives of the study. The study population consisted of all male and female teachers working in schools in the Golan Heights during the 2025\/2026 academic year, totaling (300) teachers. A simple random sample of (100) teachers was selected. The researcher developed a questionnaire as the main instrument for data collection. The findings revealed that the degree of school principals' practice of change leadership in the Golan Heights was high. The results also indicated that the level of availability of design thinking-based learning environments was high. Furthermore, the findings showed a statistically significant positive correlation at the significance level of (\u03b1 \u2264 0.05) between school principals' practice of change leadership and design thinking-based learning environments. In light of these findings, the study recommended enhancing training programs for school principals in the field of change leadership, activating practices related to design thinking within educational environments, providing a school environment that supports creativity and experimentation, and encouraging teachers to employ teaching strategies that develop students' thinking and problem-solving skills.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Change Leadership, Design Thinking, Learning Environments, School Principals, Golan Heights.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 (Meyer et al., 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 (Butler &amp; boggs, 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 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justify;\">\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 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style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 (\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c 2022).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong> \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a (Design Thinking Learning Environments)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0634\u060c 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong> \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627: \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\/2026.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c 2022).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 Fullan, (2025) \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 (Leithwood et al., 2019).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Kotter (1996\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b 2012) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 (Kotter, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 Fullan (2020) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a (Design Thinking) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 (Brown, 2019)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Henriksen et al., 2017)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Stanford d.school (2020)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 (Empathize) \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 (Define) \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 (Ideate) \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Prototype) \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Test) \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Henriksen et al., 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (Leithwood et al., 2021).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0629 (2024)<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0646 2040\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 (100) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2025\/2026.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a (\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (29) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a (Exploratory Factor Analysis) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 (Principal Component Analysis) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u062f (Varimax Rotation)\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.74<\/td>\n<td>1. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.71<\/td>\n<td>2. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.66<\/td>\n<td>3. \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.72<\/td>\n<td>4. \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.7<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>5. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.74<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>6. \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.62<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>7. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.76<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>8. \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.69<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>9. \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.73<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>10. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.71<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>11. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.68<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>12. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.75<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>13. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.72<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>14. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.6<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>15. \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.60-0.76)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b (0.40)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.63<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">16. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.7<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">17. \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.65<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">18. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.72<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">19. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.64<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">20. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.76<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">21. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.61<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">22. \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.77<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">23. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.63<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">24. \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.72<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">25. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.65<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">26. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.7<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">27. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.73<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">28. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.61<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">29. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.61-0.77)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a id=\"post-17706-OLE_LINK623\"><\/a><a id=\"post-17706-OLE_LINK624\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a id=\"post-17706-_Hlk133187248\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>88.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>90.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>90.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>.89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>.90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>.91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>.92<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a (0.70)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SPSS)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha)\u061b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Pearson Correlation Coefficient)\u061b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061f&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>76.4<\/td>\n<td>0.68<\/td>\n<td>3.82<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><strong>1<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>0.82<\/td>\n<td>3.75<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><strong>2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.8<\/td>\n<td>0.69<\/td>\n<td>3.74<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><strong>3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.6<\/td>\n<td>0.75<\/td>\n<td>3.73<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><strong>4<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>75.2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.50<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.76<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>77.8<\/td>\n<td>0.73<\/td>\n<td>3.89<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><strong>5<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>77<\/td>\n<td>0.70<\/td>\n<td>3.85<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td><strong>6<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.8<\/td>\n<td>0.94<\/td>\n<td>3.79<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td><strong>7<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.2<\/td>\n<td>0.74<\/td>\n<td>3.76<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><strong>8<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.6<\/td>\n<td>0.81<\/td>\n<td>3.73<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td><strong>9<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.4<\/td>\n<td>0.72<\/td>\n<td>3.72<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td><strong>10<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>75.8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.51<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.79<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>78.2<\/td>\n<td>0.79<\/td>\n<td>3.91<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td><strong>11<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>77.2<\/td>\n<td>0.69<\/td>\n<td>3.86<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td><strong>12<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.4<\/td>\n<td>0.96<\/td>\n<td>3.77<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td><strong>13<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.2<\/td>\n<td>0.68<\/td>\n<td>3.76<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td><strong>14<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74<\/td>\n<td>0.83<\/td>\n<td>3.70<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td><strong>15<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>76<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.48<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.80<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>75.6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.44<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.78<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 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\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a (2022) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0629 (2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Henriksen et al. (2017) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Yo et al. (2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061f&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>76.6<\/td>\n<td>0.80<\/td>\n<td>3.83<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td><strong>1<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.8<\/td>\n<td>0.89<\/td>\n<td>3.74<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td><strong>2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.6<\/td>\n<td>0.77<\/td>\n<td>3.73<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td><strong>3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>73.6<\/td>\n<td>0.86<\/td>\n<td>3.68<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td><strong>4<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>74.8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.61<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.74<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.4<\/td>\n<td>0.79<\/td>\n<td>3.77<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td><strong>5<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.2<\/td>\n<td>0.76<\/td>\n<td>3.76<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td><strong>6<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.6<\/td>\n<td>0.81<\/td>\n<td>3.73<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td><strong>7<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.4<\/td>\n<td>0.85<\/td>\n<td>3.72<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td><strong>8<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.2<\/td>\n<td>0.91<\/td>\n<td>3.71<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td><strong>9<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>74.6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.58<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.73<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>0.73<\/td>\n<td>3.75<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<td><strong>10<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>0.80<\/td>\n<td>3.75<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td><strong>11<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>0.78<\/td>\n<td>3.75<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<td><strong>12<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>74.6<\/td>\n<td>0.86<\/td>\n<td>3.73<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td><strong>13<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>73.6<\/td>\n<td>0.83<\/td>\n<td>3.68<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>29<\/td>\n<td><strong>14<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>74.6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.56<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.73<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>74.6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.53<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.73<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (3.73) \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (74.6%)\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (3.74)\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (3.73) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (3.73).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 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(2017) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Yo et al. (2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 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\u0628\u064a\u0646 <a id=\"post-17706-_Hlk232389522\"><\/a>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Pearson) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Pearson) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\"><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0643\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>**0.52<\/td>\n<td>**0.63<\/td>\n<td>**0.60<\/td>\n<td>**0.67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<td>**0.45<\/td>\n<td>**0.60<\/td>\n<td>**0.59<\/td>\n<td>**0.62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>**0.51<\/td>\n<td>**0.60<\/td>\n<td>**0.57<\/td>\n<td>**0.64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0643\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>**0.53<\/td>\n<td>**0.66<\/td>\n<td>**0.64<\/td>\n<td><strong>**0.70<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.45-0.70)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a 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\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 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(2017) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Yo et al. (2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 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\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645) \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2022). \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c 2(6)\u060c 542-573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v2i3.986<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ibrahim, Hossam El Din Elsaid Mohammad, &amp; Al Marzouqi, Ahmed bin Saeed bin Abdullah. (2022). A proposed model for school principals to lead educational change in the Sultanate of Oman in light of some contemporary models. Ibn Khaldoun Journal for Studies and Researches, 2(6), 542-573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v2i3.986<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0634\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u062f. (2023). \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c 23(261)\u060c 321-356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/mrk.2023.306156<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alhabish, Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, &amp; Alsoliman, Badr Salman Hamad. (2023). A proposed design for applying the design thinking model in a blended learning environment. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 23(261), 321-356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/mrk.2023.306156<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. (2024). \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0646 2040 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c (10)\u060c 10-34. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34874\/atae.vi10.3079\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34874\/atae.vi10.3079<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Qassabi, Rahma bint Khalaf bin Said, &amp; Al-Habsiya, Radhiya bint Sulaiman bin Nasser. (2024). A proposed framework for developing the performance of principals of government schools implementing special education programs in light of Oman Vision 2040 in the Sultanate of Oman. Atae Journal for Studies and Research, (10), 10-34. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34874\/atae.vi10.3079\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34874\/atae.vi10.3079<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0628\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646. (2023). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u060c 20(118)\u060c 950-984. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfe.2023.338663<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid Qutb, Alwan, Siham Ahmed, &amp; Sobieh, Rawaa Mohamed Othman. (2023). Transcendent leadership as an approach to improving the organizational climate in public secondary schools in Egypt: An analytical study. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Kafrelsheikh University, 20(118), 950-984.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfe.2023.338663<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062f. (2024). \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 30(6.1)\u060c 243-273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jsu.2024.379871<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Eid, Sara Mahrous Ahmed, Azazy, Lubna Hussein, &amp; Bayoumi, Abeer Abdel-Samad. (2024). Suggested lists of design thinking and inventive thinking skills for kindergarten children. Journal of Educational and Social Studies, 30(6.1), 243-273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jsu.2024.379871<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 2024\/5: \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u2014\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645. \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633: \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">UNESCO. (2024). Global education monitoring report 2024\/5: Leadership in education\u2014Lead for learning. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. <a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000391406\" target=\"_new\">Official UNESCO publication<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Moffett, J., Little, R., Illing, J., de Carvalho Filho, M. A., &amp; Bok, H. (2024). <em>Establishing psychological safety in online design-thinking education: A qualitative study<\/em>. Learning Environments Research, 27, 179-197.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fullan, M. (2025). <em>The new meaning of educational change<\/em> (6th ed.). Teachers College Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kotter, J. P. (2012). <em>Leading change<\/em> (Rev. ed.). Harvard Business Review Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Brown, T. (2019). <em>Change by design: How design thinking transforms organizations and inspires innovation<\/em> (Rev. and updated ed.). Harper Business.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Henriksen, D., Richardson, C., &amp; Mehta, R. (2017). Design thinking: A creative approach to educational problems of practice. <em>Thinking Skills and Creativity, 26<\/em>, 140-153.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Meyer, A., Hartung-Beck, V., Gronostaj, A., &amp; Kr\u00fcger, S. (2023). <em>How can principal leadership practices promote teacher collaboration and organizational change? A longitudinal multiple case study of three school improvement initiatives<\/em>. Journal of Educational Change, 24, 425-455.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Leithwood, K., Harris, A., &amp; Hopkins, D. (2019). 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A meta-analysis of the effects of design thinking on student learning. <em>Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11<\/em>, Article 742. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41599-024-03237-5\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41599-024-03237-5<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17706","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17706"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17757,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17706\/revisions\/17757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}