{"id":17258,"date":"2026-06-30T09:01:54","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T09:01:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-7-20\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T09:35:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T09:35:09","slug":"7-7-20","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-7-20\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 20"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0629<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: rfaaamasha35@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Rifaa Eqab Amasheh\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> rfaaamasha35@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj77\/20' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj77\/20<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/77\/20' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/77\/20<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (7). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 357 - 379<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-06-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-06-20 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-07-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue7\/7-7-20.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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A.. (2026). The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(7). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj77\\\/20&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Amasheh, Rifaa Eqab. 2026. \\&quot;The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 7. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj77\\\/20&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Amasheh R. A.. 2026. The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-07-01. [Cited 2026-07-01]. 7(7). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-7-20\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj77\\\/20&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Amasheh R. A.. The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-07-01; 7(7). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj77\\\/20&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Amasheh R. A., \\&quot;The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 7, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj77\\\/20&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Amasheh, Rifaa Eqab. \\&quot;The Impact of the Golden Mediator Strategy Based on Artificial Intelligence on Improving Mathematics Performance and Developing Inferential Thinking among Fifth-Grade Primary Students.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 7, 2026-07-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj77\\\/20&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0631. \u0639. 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b (Responsive Teaching). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\" \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The study aimed to examine the impact of the \u201cGolden Mediator\u201d strategy, based on the use of artificial intelligence, on improving mathematics performance among fifth-grade primary students. The study sample consisted of 42 male and female students, who were equally distributed into two groups: an experimental group of 21 students and a control group of 21 students at Al-Nujoom Primary School. The study adopted the quasi-experimental approach, in addition to qualitative tools represented by monitoring the learning pace and analyzing learning outcomes generated through intelligent assessment algorithms. To achieve the study objectives, a digital \u201ctask bank\u201d consisting of performance-based tasks was developed, and its validity and reliability were verified. It was then administered as a pre-test and post-test to both groups. The study also analyzed the effect of the immediate feedback provided by the model on students\u2019 level of conceptual understanding. The results revealed a statistically significant positive effect of using the \u201cGolden Mediator\u201d strategy in improving mathematics performance among students in the experimental group compared with the control group. The model contributed to reducing cognitive gaps and enhancing mastery of basic concepts, with a clear variation in performance in favor of the group that received responsive assessment through Responsive Teaching. The findings also indicated the role of artificial intelligence in providing immediate feedback, which improved students\u2019 mathematical reasoning skills and developed their ability to justify answers.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Golden Mediator, Artificial Intelligence, Responsive Assessment, Mathematics Performance, Fifth-Grade Primary Students.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; (Gold Median) \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 &#8220;\u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b&#8221; \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a (Schildkamp, 2020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (Vygotsky, 1978)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 (Responsive Teaching) \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Heritage, 2010). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 (NCTM, 2023) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0643\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a (Wiliam, 2011). \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Black &amp; Wiliam, 2009).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 (Hattie &amp; Timperley, 2007). \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 (Misconceptions) (Black &amp; Wiliam, 2009).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 (Wiliam &amp; Leahy, 2015).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a (Brookhart, 2013).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628&#8221; (Vygotsky, 1978)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 (Bloom, 1968)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a (Gao, 2020; Henderson &amp; Tallman, 2021).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a (Piaget, 1972). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 STEM\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 &#8220;\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0647\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645\u061f<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645\u061f<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1 = 0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a) \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1 = 0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a) \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1 = 0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a) (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642\u060c 2020).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; (Gold Median): \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (Heritage, 2020).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 (Facione, 2015).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 (Responsive Assessment): \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c 2021).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0645 (Schildkamp, 2020).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0629&#8221; (Responsive Practice) \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\/2027.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629) \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; (Gold Median)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; (Gold Median) \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0633\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643&#8221; (ZPD).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 (\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a: \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645&#8221;. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628&#8221;: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 (Differentiated Instruction) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b). \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (Scaffolding) \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d&#8221; (Real-time Feedback)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.ca0ufy22kbch\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221;<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633<\/th>\n<th>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0635 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0629 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id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.jocjca11vl75\"><\/a><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\/2027. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627 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\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4):<\/strong> <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0.68<\/td>\n<td>0.44<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>0.72<\/td>\n<td>0.39<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>0.55<\/td>\n<td>0.51<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0.64<\/td>\n<td>0.46<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>0.60<\/td>\n<td>0.53<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>0.75<\/td>\n<td>0.36<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>0.58<\/td>\n<td>0.48<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>0.63<\/td>\n<td>0.50<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>0.52<\/td>\n<td>0.58<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>0.48<\/td>\n<td>0.61<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>0.42<\/td>\n<td>0.55<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>0.59<\/td>\n<td>0.49<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>0.66<\/td>\n<td>0.42<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>0.45<\/td>\n<td>0.57<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>0.61<\/td>\n<td>0.44<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>0.57<\/td>\n<td>0.52<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.lehvlhbrxiis\"><\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 (0.42) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (0.75) \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (0.59)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b (0.20 &#8211; 0.80). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646 (0.36) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (0.61) \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (0.49)\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 (0.30)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>(\u0628) \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Reliability)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e&#8221; (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha) \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (21) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u063a (0.84)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u061b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e) \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e)<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.78<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.81<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.76<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>0.84<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.z4otijem7yf2\"><\/a> \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 (Reliable Tool) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a) (Post-test of Logical Reasoning)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629: \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627&#8221; \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 (Standardization): \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 (22) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 (\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>4\u060c 9\u060c 10\u060c 17<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1\u060c 2\u060c 3\u060c 5\u060c 11\u060c 14\u060c 15\u060c 16\u060c 18\u060c 19<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f) \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>6\u060c 7\u060c 8\u060c 12\u060c 13\u060c 20\u060c 21\u060c 22<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td><strong>22<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Validity) \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629&#8221; (Alignment) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221;. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642: \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d: \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 &#8220;\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (100) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4<strong>. \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Reliability)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 &#8220;\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (0.84)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221;) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a (Formative Assessment Tools)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 (Traffic Light Model):<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Metacognition) \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 (Misconceptions) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 :<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 :<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b (Scaffolding).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 :<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Immediate Feedback) \u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 (Responsive Teaching)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 (Peer Assessment): <\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u062d\u0635\u064d \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064d \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Exit Ticket): <\/strong>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 (Diagnostic Tool) \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: <\/strong>\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 (Portfolio) \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a&#8221; \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 (Open-ended Tasks) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628:\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641: \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a (Analytic Rubric): \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643&#8221; \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 (Performance Indicators) \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a: (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c).<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632: \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a: \u062d\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha): \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (0.85)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 (\u0632)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 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\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 (Performance Indicators) \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13):<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>29.91<\/td>\n<td>3.75<\/td>\n<td>30.37<\/td>\n<td>2.62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>30.29<\/td>\n<td>3.25<\/td>\n<td>32.21<\/td>\n<td>1.86<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (30.37) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (2.62)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (32.21) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (1.86). \u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (14) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (14):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8217; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong><em>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>F<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 (\u03b72)<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>67.980<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>1<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>67.980<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>18.037<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>0.000<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>34.718<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>1<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>34.718<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>9.212<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>0.00<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>0.286<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>169.603<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>39<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>4.349<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u062d<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>272.301<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>41<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1= 0.05)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (14) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.bmvav5udj5ff\"><\/a><em>\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F = 18.037) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig = 0.000) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631.<\/em><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F = 9.212) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig = 0.004) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f (\u03b1= 0.05) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u03c0= 0.286)) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 (0.14) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (28.6\\%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (15).<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (15): <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/em><\/h1>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/em><\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>30.440<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>0.397<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>32.143<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>0.397<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (15) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (30.440) \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (0.397)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (32.143) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 (0.397). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.7rfdwrlhlyci\"><\/a><em>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 (Maskos et al., 2025; Smit et al., 2023; S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m, 2023; de Vries et al., 2022)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1= 0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8217; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a)&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.p10djaq8thr\"><\/a> \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (16).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (16):<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0646 30) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0646 30) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0646 30) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0646 30) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>25.71<\/td>\n<td>3.75<\/td>\n<td>26.17<\/td>\n<td>2.26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>26.08<\/td>\n<td>2.91<\/td>\n<td>27.54<\/td>\n<td>1.59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17258-_heading=h.4cbf8h98b5u3\"><\/a> \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (16) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (26.17) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (2.26)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (27.54) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (1.59). \u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (17) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (17):<\/strong> <strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA) \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8217; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>F<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 (\u03b72)<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>45.757<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>45.757<\/td>\n<td>15.896<\/td>\n<td>0.000<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>18.611<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>18.611<\/td>\n<td>6.645<\/td>\n<td>0.015<\/td>\n<td>0.261<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>129.535<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>3.321<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>193.903<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1= 0.05)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F = 15.896) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig = 0.000) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F = 6.645) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig = 0.015)\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f (\u03b1= 0.05) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 (\u03c0= 0.261) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 (0.14) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (26.1%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (18).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (18): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/h1>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\n<h1>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/h1>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<h1>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/h1>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<h1>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h1>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h1>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h1>26.230<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h1>0.347<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h1>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h1>27.478<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h1>0.347<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (18) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (26.230) \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (0.347)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a 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\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 (Maskos et al., 2025; Smit et al., 2023; S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m, 2023; de Vries et al., 2022)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 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justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8217; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 $(\\alpha = 0.05)$ \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (19).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (19):<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0646 35) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>21<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>30.00<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.64<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>30.75<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>2.61<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>21<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>30.08<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3.31<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>32.33<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>1.88<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (19) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (30.75) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (2.61)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (32.33) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (1.88). \u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (20) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (20):<\/strong> <strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA) \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8217; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>F<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 (\u03b72)<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75.000<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>75.000<\/td>\n<td>20.727<\/td>\n<td>0.000<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>23.682<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>23.682<\/td>\n<td>6.545<\/td>\n<td>0.014<\/td>\n<td>0.127<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>162.834<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>4.175<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>261.516<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1= 0.05)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (20) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F = 20.727) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig = 0.000) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F = 6.545) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig = 0.014) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f (\u03b1 = 0.05) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 (\u03c0= 0.127) \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u03c0= 0.01 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u03c0= 0.06 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u03c0= 0.14 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (12.7%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (21).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (21):<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>30.838<\/td>\n<td>0.389<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>32.246<\/td>\n<td>0.389<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (21) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (30.838) \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (0.389)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (32.246) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 (0.389). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 (ANCOVA)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0644\u062a 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et al., 2025; Smit et al., 2023; S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m, 2023; de Vries et al., 2022)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a&#8221;<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Longitudinal Studies) \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong> \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Qualitative Research)<\/strong> \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2021). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 38(2)\u060c 145\u2013167.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Daher, Mohammed. (2021). Responsive formative assessment and its role in improving learning outcomes and developing mathematics performance. Journal of Educational Research, 38(2), 145\u2013167.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621. (2020). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 16(46).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdul Razzaq, Hawraa. (2020). The effect of integrating interactive and intelligent learning strategies on academic achievement and the development of abstract thinking among primary school students. Wasit Journal for Human Sciences, 16(46).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Black, P., &amp; Wiliam, D. (2009). Developing the theory of formative assessment. <em>Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability<\/em>, 21(1), 5\u201331.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bloom, B. S. (1968). Learning for mastery. <em>Evaluation Comment<\/em>, 1(2), 1\u201312.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Brookhart, S. M. (2013). <em>How to create and use rubrics for formative assessment and grading<\/em>. ASCD.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Darling-Hammond, L., &amp; Adamson, F. (2014). <em>Beyond the bubble test: How performance assessments support 21st century learning<\/em>. Jossey-Bass.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">de Vries, J. A., van der Roest, J., &amp; van Vondel, S. (2022). The impact of an assessment for learning teacher professional development program on students\u2019 metacognition. <em>School Effectiveness and School Improvement<\/em>, 34(4), 1-21.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Facione, P. A. (2015). <em>Critical thinking: What it is and why it counts<\/em>. Insight Assessment.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hattie, J., &amp; Timperley, H. (2007). The power of feedback. <em>Review of Educational Research<\/em>, 77(1), 81\u2013112.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Henderson, L., &amp; Tallman, J. (2021). Classroom observation as a tool for formative assessment: Enhancing student learning through real-time feedback. <em>Journal of Educational Assessment<\/em>, 29(3), 245\u2013260.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Heritage, M. (2010). <em>Formative assessment: Making it happen in the classroom<\/em>. Corwin Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kingston, N., &amp; Nash, B. (2011). Formative assessment: A meta-analysis and a call for research. <em>Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice<\/em>, 30(4), 28\u201337.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Maskos, K., Schulz, A., Oeksuez, S. S., &amp; Rakoczy, K. (2025). Formative assessment in mathematics education: A systematic review. <em>ZDM \u2013 Mathematics Education<\/em>, 57(2).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). (2023). <em>Standards for teaching and learning mathematics: Effective practices for meaningful learning<\/em>. NCTM.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Piaget, J. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood. <em>Human Development<\/em>, 15(1), 1\u201312.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Schildkamp, K. (2020). Formative assessment: A systematic review of critical issues. <em>Educational Research Review<\/em>, 30, 100331.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Skinner, B. F. (1968). <em>The technology of teaching<\/em>. Appleton-Century-Crofts.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Smit, R., Dober, H., Hess, K., Bachmann, P., &amp; Birri, T. (2023). Supporting primary students&#8217; mathematical reasoning practice: the effects of formative feedback and the mediating role of self-efficacy. <em>Research in Mathematics Education<\/em>, 25(3), 277-300.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m, S. (2023). Computer-based formative assessment for problem solving. <em>International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology<\/em>, 55(10), 1-20.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). <em>Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes<\/em>. Harvard University Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wiggins, G. (1990). The case for authentic assessment. <em>Practical Assessment, Research &amp; Evaluation<\/em>, 2(2), 1\u20133.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wiliam, D. (2011). <em>Embedded formative assessment<\/em>. Solution Tree Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wiliam, D., &amp; Leahy, S. (2015). <em>Embedding formative assessment: Practical techniques for K\u201312 classrooms<\/em>. Solution Tree Press.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17258","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17258"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17332,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17258\/revisions\/17332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}