{"id":16948,"date":"2026-06-01T02:23:48","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:23:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-6-19\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T03:14:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T03:14:22","slug":"7-6-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-6-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 19"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0645.\u0645. \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: adnantagi60@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Asst. Lect. Adnan Taghi Rahi Al-Attabi\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 General Directorate of Education in Wasit, Iraq.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> adnantagi60@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj76\/19' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj76\/19<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/76\/19' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/76\/19<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (6). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 316 - 331<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-05-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-05-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-06-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue6\/7-6-19.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; background:#fff;\r\n  width:34px; height:34px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  font-size:18px; cursor:pointer; line-height:0; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close:hover{background:#f3f4f6}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-tabs{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; padding:10px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; background:#f3f4f6;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab:hover{background:#e5e7eb;border-color:#9ca3af}\r\n.hnsj-tab.active{\r\n  background:#0b5ed7; border-color:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(11,94,215,.18);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-body{padding:14px 16px}\r\n.hnsj-row{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center;\r\n  margin-bottom:10px; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-select{\r\n  padding:10px 12px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; min-width:220px;\r\n  background:#fff; color:#111827; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-textarea{\r\n  width:100%; min-height:130px; padding:12px;\r\n  border-radius:12px; border:1px solid #cfcfcf;\r\n  line-height:1.7; resize:vertical; color:#111827; background:#fff;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-actions{display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; margin-top:10px; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;}\r\n.hnsj-dl{\r\n  padding:10px 14px;\r\n  border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n  background:#0b5ed7;\r\n  color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer;\r\n  font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-dl:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\/* Force the citation modal UI to be independent from site RTL\/LTR *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal,\r\n.hnsj-modal *{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Keep the header title readable *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n  function slugifyFileName(s){\r\n    return (s || 'citation')\r\n      .toString()\r\n      .trim()\r\n      .replace(\/^https?:\\\/\\\/\/i,'')\r\n      .replace(\/[^a-z0-9]+\/gi,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/-+\/g,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/^-|-$\/g,'')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function downloadTextFile(filename, content, mime){\r\n    var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mime || 'text\/plain;charset=utf-8' });\r\n    var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\r\n    var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n    a.href = url;\r\n    a.download = filename;\r\n    document.body.appendChild(a);\r\n    a.click();\r\n    a.remove();\r\n    setTimeout(function(){ URL.revokeObjectURL(url); }, 500);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function splitAuthors(str){\r\n    if(!str) return [];\r\n    return str\r\n      .split(\/,|\u061b|\u060c|;|\\n\/g)\r\n      .map(s => s.trim())\r\n      .filter(Boolean);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildRIS(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authors = splitAuthors((langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || ''));\r\n\r\n    let ris = '';\r\n    ris += 'TY  - JOUR\\n';\r\n    if (title)   ris += 'TI  - ' + title + '\\n';\r\n    authors.forEach(a => { ris += 'AU  - ' + a + '\\n'; });\r\n    if (journal) ris += 'JO  - ' + journal + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)  ris += 'PY  - ' + m.year + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)ris += 'VL  - ' + m.volume + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue) ris += 'IS  - ' + m.issue + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)   ris += 'DO  - ' + m.doi + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)   ris += 'UR  - ' + m.url + '\\n';\r\n    ris += 'ER  - \\n';\r\n    return ris;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildBibTeX(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authorStr = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || '');\r\n\r\n    const keyBase = slugifyFileName(m.doi || title || 'hnsj');\r\n    const key = (keyBase || 'hnsj').slice(0, 40);\r\n\r\n    let bib = '';\r\n    bib += '@article{' + key + ',\\n';\r\n    if (title)      bib += '  title = {' + title + '},\\n';\r\n    if (authorStr)  bib += '  author = {' + authorStr + '},\\n';\r\n    if (journal)    bib += '  journal = {' + journal + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)     bib += '  year = {' + m.year + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)   bib += '  volume = {' + m.volume + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue)    bib += '  number = {' + m.issue + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)      bib += '  doi = {' + m.doi + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)      bib += '  url = {' + m.url + '},\\n';\r\n    bib = bib.replace(\/,\\n$\/, '\\n');\r\n    bib += '}\\n';\r\n    return bib;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function initHnsjCite(root){\r\n    if(!root) return;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Guard: do not bind twice\r\n    if (root.dataset.hnsjInited === '1') return;\r\n    root.dataset.hnsjInited = '1';\r\n\r\n    const openBtn = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-open]');\r\n    const modal   = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-modal]');\r\n    const back    = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-backdrop]');\r\n    const closeBtn= root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-close]');\r\n\r\n    const tabs    = modal.querySelectorAll('.hnsj-tab');\r\n    const select  = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-style]');\r\n    const box     = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-box]');\r\n    const copyBtn = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-copy]');\r\n    const dlBtns  = modal.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-dl]');\r\n\r\n    let lang = 'en';\r\n    let citEn = {};\r\n    let citAr = {};\r\n    let meta = {};\r\n\r\n    function parseData(){\r\n      try{ citEn = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-en') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citEn = {}; }\r\n      try{ citAr = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-ar') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citAr = {}; }\r\n      try{ meta  = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-meta')  || '{}'); }catch(e){ meta = {}; }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function setLang(newLang){\r\n      lang = newLang;\r\n      tabs.forEach(t => t.classList.toggle('active', t.dataset.lang === lang));\r\n\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      const styles = Object.keys(data);\r\n\r\n      select.innerHTML = '';\r\n      styles.forEach(st => {\r\n        const opt = document.createElement('option');\r\n        opt.value = st;\r\n        opt.textContent = st;\r\n        select.appendChild(opt);\r\n      });\r\n\r\n      box.dir = (lang === 'ar') ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';\r\n      box.style.textAlign = (lang === 'ar') ? 'right' : 'left';\r\n\r\n      if(styles.length){\r\n        select.value = styles[0];\r\n        box.value = data[styles[0]] || '';\r\n      } else {\r\n        box.value = '';\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function openModal(){\r\n      parseData();\r\n      back.style.display = 'block';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'block';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = 'hidden';\r\n      setLang('en');\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function closeModal(){\r\n      back.style.display = 'none';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'none';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function onStyleChange(){\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      box.value = data[select.value] || '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    async function copyCitation(){\r\n      try{\r\n        await navigator.clipboard.writeText(box.value || '');\r\n      }catch(e){\r\n        box.focus(); box.select();\r\n        document.execCommand('copy');\r\n      }\r\n      const old = copyBtn.textContent;\r\n      copyBtn.textContent = (lang === 'ar') ? '\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u2713' : 'Copied \u2713';\r\n      setTimeout(()=> copyBtn.textContent = old, 1200);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    openBtn.addEventListener('click', openModal);\r\n    closeBtn.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n    back.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n\r\n    tabs.forEach(t => t.addEventListener('click', ()=> setLang(t.dataset.lang)));\r\n    select.addEventListener('change', onStyleChange);\r\n    copyBtn.addEventListener('click', copyCitation);\r\n\r\n    dlBtns.forEach(btn => {\r\n      btn.addEventListener('click', function(){\r\n        parseData();\r\n        const kind = btn.getAttribute('data-hnsj-dl'); \/\/ ris or bib\r\n        const langKey = lang || 'en';\r\n        const base = slugifyFileName(meta.doi || meta.title_en || meta.title_ar || 'citation');\r\n\r\n        if (kind === 'ris') {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.ris', buildRIS(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-research-info-systems;charset=utf-8');\r\n        } else {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.bib', buildBibTeX(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-bibtex;charset=utf-8');\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', (e)=>{\r\n      if(e.key === 'Escape' && modal.style.display === 'block') closeModal();\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function bootHnsjCite(){\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-cite-root]').forEach(initHnsjCite);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Run now if DOM already ready, otherwise wait\r\n  if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\r\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bootHnsjCite);\r\n  } else {\r\n    bootHnsjCite();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Also handle late injected content (builders\/cache)\r\n  const obs = new MutationObserver(() => bootHnsjCite());\r\n  obs.observe(document.documentElement, { childList: true, subtree: true });\r\n\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<div data-hnsj-cite-root id='hnsjCite_81869'>\r\n  <button type='button' class='hnsj-cite-btn' data-hnsj-open>\r\n    <span>\ud83d\udccc<\/span><span>Cite this article<\/span>\r\n  <\/button>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal-backdrop' data-hnsj-backdrop><\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal' data-hnsj-modal data-meta='{&quot;authors_en&quot;:&quot;Asst. Lect. Adnan Taghi Rahi Al-Attabi\u00b9&quot;,&quot;authors_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645.\u0645. \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a&quot;,&quot;title_en&quot;:&quot;The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students&quot;,&quot;title_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637&quot;,&quot;journal_en&quot;:&quot;Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal&quot;,&quot;journal_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&quot;,&quot;year&quot;:&quot;2026&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;7&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;6&quot;,&quot;doi&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-6-19\\\/&quot;,&quot;published_at&quot;:&quot;2026-06-01&quot;}' data-cit-en='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;Al-Attabi A. T. R.. (2026). The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(6). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Al-Attabi Adnan Taghi Rahi. 2026. \\&quot;The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 6. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Al-Attabi A. T. R.. 2026. The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-06-01. [Cited 2026-06-21]. 7(6). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-6-19\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Al-Attabi A. T. R.. The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-06-01; 7(6). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Al-Attabi A. T. R., \\&quot;The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 6, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Al-Attabi Adnan Taghi Rahi. \\&quot;The Effectiveness of the Narrative Geography Approach and Spatial Brainstorming in Developing Spatial Linking Skills among Second-Grade Intermediate Students.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 6, 2026-06-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639. \u062a. \u0631. (2026). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(6). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a. 2026. \u00ab\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(6). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639. \u062a. \u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-06-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-06-21]. 7(6). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-6-19\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639. \u062a. \u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-06-01\u061b 7(6). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639. \u062a. \u0631. \u00ab\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 6\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a. \u00ab\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 6\u060c 2026-06-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj76\\\/19&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 64 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064f\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0639\u062f\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 25 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a 0.88. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 0.05 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the narrative geography approach and spatial brainstorming in developing spatial linking skills among second-grade intermediate students. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design based on two groups: an experimental group and a control group. The sample consisted of 64 male and female students, equally divided into two groups. The experimental group was taught through an instructional program based on narrative geography and spatial brainstorming, while the control group was taught using the conventional method. To achieve the study objectives, a teaching plan was prepared based on the integration of geographical narration and interactive spatial activities. A 25-item test was also designed to measure spatial linking skills, and its validity and reliability were verified, with a reliability coefficient of 0.88. The results revealed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level between the mean scores of the two groups in the post-test in favor of the experimental group. The findings also showed statistically significant improvement in the performance of the experimental group between the pre- and post-tests. These results indicate that integrating narrative geography with spatial brainstorming contributes to enhancing students\u2019 ability to perceive relationships among geographical phenomena and to connect concepts with locations, maps, and environmental contexts. The study recommended employing this approach in teaching geography at the intermediate stage and training teachers to use instructional strategies based on narration and spatial thinking.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Narrative Geography, Spatial Brainstorming, Spatial Linking Skills, Geography Teaching, Second-Grade Intermediate Students.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120). \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2022: 352). \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2018: 189). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0643\u060c 2012: 111\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c 2015: 166). \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c 2019: 61\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c 2022: 119\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 2023: 93).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120\u061b \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2011: 129). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c 2010: 9).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4. \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5. \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6. \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 2025-2026.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>7. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0643\u060c 2012: 111). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u060c 2012: 168\u061b \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c 2023: 45). \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a (\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2018: 189\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c 2015: 166). \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c 2019: 61\u061b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c 2023: 45). \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2022: 352). \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0643\u060c 2012: 111). \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f (2012: 168) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a (2010: 9) \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2016: 94)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 (\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c 2023). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c 2023: 32)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u0643\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c 2005: 430).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: <\/strong>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u060c 2024: 150)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c 2021: 110). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c 2021: 156)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 (\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0643\u060c 2012: 111).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645: <\/strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u060c 2012: 168)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 (\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c 2023: 40). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a (\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c 2023).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2016: 94\u061b \u0643\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c 2005: 430). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u060c 2024: 150).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a (\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2018: 189\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c 2015: 166). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a (2015: 17) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c 2015: 166)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 (\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2011: 129). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c 2023: 45)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c 2025).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: <\/strong>\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a (\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2018: 189). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c 2019: 22)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0637\u060c 2024). \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u060c 2020: 270)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c 2024: 324).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c 2015: 17)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c 2023: 45). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c 2025)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c 2019: 25).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 2018: 189\u061b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c 2023: 45). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c 2015: 17).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 (2023: 93) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a (2019: 61) \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c 2022: 119)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 2010: 53). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2022: 352)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c 2025: 289)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c 2023: 74).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645: <\/strong>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c 2019: 61). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c 2022: 119)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 2010: 53)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2022: 352\u061b \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c 2023: 74).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a (\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 &amp; \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c 2025: 289). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 GIS \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2022: 352)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c 2019: 61). \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c 2023: 74).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645:<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2006: 120)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 2023: 93). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c 2019: 61)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c 2022: 119). \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2022: 352).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 (2020):<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 (2019):<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a (2018):<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Slattery et al., 2024)):<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 Minecraft \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a Minecraft \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 120 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Minecraft \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Hong et al., 2021)):<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 150 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Lubinski et al., 2013)):<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a (STEM). \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 13 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a STEM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 563 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a STEM\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Bartlett, Searle, 2017)) \u0648Vidal et al., 2018)) \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a Johnson, Smith (2019) \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f Martinez, Lopez (2020) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a (2018)\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 (2020)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 (2019)\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a 120 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 64 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629: 32 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629: 32 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064e \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a&#8221; (T-test) \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>n<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td>Df<\/td>\n<td>(t -test)<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (p)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>74.20<\/td>\n<td>5.12<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">58<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.642<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.000<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>73.45<\/td>\n<td>4.87<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>68.90<\/td>\n<td>6.05<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">58<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.589<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.000<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>68.10<\/td>\n<td>5.95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a) \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623. \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u0635\u0645\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b 40 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong>\u0635\u0645\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 4 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u064825 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0635\u062d \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 5 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631: <\/strong>\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 35 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064f\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a 0.88\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2): \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<td>35<\/td>\n<td>0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.33 \u2013 0.73\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.35 \u2013 0.71\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3): \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>0.33<\/td>\n<td>0.73<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>0.35<\/td>\n<td>0.71<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632<\/td>\n<td>0.30<\/td>\n<td>0.72<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5<strong>. \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a&#8221; \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f (0.05).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4): \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (n)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (t)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>87.45<\/td>\n<td>6.12<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">6.78<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.000<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>74.32<\/td>\n<td>7.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (87.45) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (74.32)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (t) = 6.78 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.000 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.05\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a&#8221; \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5): \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (n)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>65.78<\/td>\n<td>7.50<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">12.34<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.000<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>87.45<\/td>\n<td>6.12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 (65.78) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 (87.45) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (t) = 12.34 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.000 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.05)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2015). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Baroudi, Manal Ahmed. (2015). <em>Brainstorming and the Art of Idea-Making<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631. (2021). <strong>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644: \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Banna, Intisar. (2021). <em>Change without Alternatives: The Crisis of Transformation in the Arab World<\/em>. Amman: Alaan Publishers and Distributors.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645. (2016). <strong>\u0646\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627<\/strong>. \u0625\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ben Al-Shawi, Hisham. (2016). <em>In Defiance of Geography<\/em>. e-Kutub.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629. (2019). <strong>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Juhani, Saleh bin Atiyah. (2019). <em>Developing Creative Thinking Skills: Programs and Practical Applications<\/em>. Dar Al-Ma\u2019rifah Al-Tarbawiyyah.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2011). <strong>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hasanein, Ibrahim Jaber Al-Sayed Mohammed. (2011). <em>The Psychology of Intelligence: Brainstorming<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631. (2018). <strong>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hasanein, Ibrahim Jaber. (2018). <em>The Psychology of Intelligence: Brainstorming<\/em>. Dar Al-Fikr Al-Hadith.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629. (2023). <strong>\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khalil, Khalida. (2023). <em>Eastern Mediterranean: Narrative Structure and Mechanisms of Artistic Formation<\/em>. Cairo: Shams Publishing and Media Foundation.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a. (2006). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Khouli, Mohammed Ali. (2006). <em>Study Skills<\/em>. Amman: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621. (2024). <strong>\u0623\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Zaaboot, Walaa. (2024). <em>Can You Hear Me? From Gaza to the World<\/em>. Amman: Dar Al-Karmel for Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0636\u064a\u0631. (2023). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong>. \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sultan, Mohammed Khudair. (2023). <em>The Worshipper in His Last Narrative<\/em>. Damascus: Dar Ninawa for Studies, Publishing, and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2020). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a. <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 5<\/strong>(22)\u060c 154-178.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Selim, Ibrahim Abdullah Mohammed. (2020). The effectiveness of using analogies and brainstorming in teaching geography to develop some divergent thinking skills among first-year secondary school students. <em>Journal of Research in Specific Education Fields, 5<\/em>(22), 154\u2013178.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d. (2022). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Suwaifi, Wael Salah. (2022). <em>Modern Teaching Techniques in Light of Twenty-First-Century Skills<\/em>. Dar Al-Fikr Al-Tarbawi.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644. (2012). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Shahid, Nabil. (2012). <em>The Fantastic in Ancient Arabic Narrative<\/em>. Amman: Al-Warraq Foundation for Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641. (2025). <strong>\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shaaban Hassan, Marcelina, &amp; Amer, Rabie Abdel-Raouf. (2025). <em>Techniques of Therapeutic and Rehabilitative Psychological Work<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Hadith.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2015). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Abed, Fatima Ahmed. (2015). <em>Brainstorming and Creative Thinking<\/em>. Dar Al-Ma\u2019rifah Al-Hadithah.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2019). <strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644: \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdullah, Adel Mohammed. (2019). <em>The Sequential Empowerment Strategy: An Approach to the Sequential Development of Students\u2019 Abilities<\/em>. Amman: Dar Al-Yazouri Scientific Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633. (2022). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 GIS<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Azzawi, Ali Abbas. (2022). <em>Contemporary Geography and GIS Information Technologies<\/em>. Amman: Dar Al-Yazouri Scientific Publishing.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629. (2025). <strong>\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali, Fatima. (2025). <em>The Multimedia Artist: A Critical Analytical Study<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabia.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2010). <strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Omar, Mohammed. (2010). <em>Problems of Spontaneous Speech and Language and Conversation Skills among Children<\/em>. Dar Al-Ma\u2019rifah Al-Ilmiyyah.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2023). <strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Ghuwairi, Safaa Ahmed. (2023). <em>Modern Teaching Strategies: Brainstorming, Differentiated Instruction, and Others<\/em>. Dar Al-Uloom Al-Tarbawiyyah.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627. (2012). <strong>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f<\/strong>. \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fludernik, Monika. (2012). <em>An Introduction to Narratology<\/em>. Translated by Basim Saleh Hameed. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2010). <strong>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Qadi, Mohammed. (2010). <em>Dictionary of Narratology<\/em>. Tunisia: Dar Mohammed Ali Publishing.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641. (2018). \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627. <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 59<\/strong>\u060c 109-135.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Quraishi, Aida Mukhlif. (2018). The brainstorming method and its importance in teaching geography. <em>Journal of Educational and Psychological Research, 59<\/em>, 109\u2013135.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. (2021). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/strong>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Qandil, Al-Arabi. (2021). <em>Comparative Literature and Convergent Didactics: Toward a Comparative Teaching of Texts<\/em>. Amman: Dar Wael Publishing.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a. (2020). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Qoura, Ali Abdel-Samie, &amp; Abulaban, Wajih Al-Morsi. (2020). <em>Modern Strategies for Language Teaching and Learning<\/em>. Mansoura\/Cairo: Faculty of Education, Mansoura University, and Faculty of Humanities, Al-Azhar University.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f. (2019). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 6<\/strong>(539)\u060c 1-18.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kazim, Ibtisam Khalaf Jawad. (2019). The effect of teaching using the brainstorming strategy on developing inferential thinking among students of the College of Basic Education in geography. <em>Journal of the College of Basic Education, 6<\/em>(539), 1\u201318.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0643\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621. (2005). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/strong>. \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kaabi, Diaa. (2005). <em>Ancient Arabic Narrative<\/em>. Baghdad: Dar Al-Shu\u2019un Al-Thaqafiyyah Al-Ammah.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0641. (2024). <strong>\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lahlum, Hans Olav. (2024). <em>The Motive for Murder<\/em>. Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c. (2023). <strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Arab Bureau of Education for the Gulf States. (2023). <em>Digital Reading Skills<\/em>. Riyadh: Arab Bureau of Education for the Gulf States.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645. (2024). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a: \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u2013 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hashimi, Maryam. (2024). <em>Narrative Transformations in Emirati Literature: An Artistic Study<\/em>. Abu Dhabi: Department of Culture and Tourism \u2013 Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi Arabic Language Centre.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646. (2023). <strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Youssef, Amani Kamal Othman. (2023). <em>Innovations in Brain-Based Learning in Teaching Regular Learners and Students with Special Needs<\/em>. Dar Al-Uloom Al-Tarbawiyyah.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hong, J. C., et al. (2021). Intelligence beliefs predict spatial performance in virtual environments. Intelligence, 83, 101497. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intell.2020.101497\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intell.2020.101497<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lubinski, D., et al. (2013). Early spatial reasoning predicts later creativity and innovation, especially in STEM fields. Psychological Science, 24(9), 1791-1798. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956797613486499\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956797613486499<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Slattery, E. J., et al. (2024). Effectiveness of a Minecraft Education intervention for improving spatial thinking and creativity. Computers &amp; Education, 178, 104393. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2022.104393\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2022.104393<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b 1. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16948","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16948","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16948"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16948\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17050,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16948\/revisions\/17050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}