{"id":16615,"date":"2026-05-01T09:04:39","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T09:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-5-41\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T09:11:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T09:11:51","slug":"7-5-41","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-5-41\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 41"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u064a\u0627\u0628<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: reem75.rd@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Reem Dhiab\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> reem75.rd@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/41' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/41<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/75\/41' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/75\/41<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (5). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 757 - 781<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-04-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-04-22 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-05-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue5\/7-5-41.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(5). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/41&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Dhiab Reem. 2026. \\&quot;Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 5. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/41&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Dhiab R.. 2026. Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-05-01. [Cited 2026-05-01]. 7(5). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-5-41\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/41&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Dhiab R.. Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-05-01; 7(5). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/41&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Dhiab R., \\&quot;Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 5, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/41&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Dhiab Reem. \\&quot;Construction and standardization a scale of written expression skills in Hebrew as a foreign language for Arab high school students in the northern region within the Green Line.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 5, 2026-05-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/41&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0630\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0631. 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0643\u0644 (0.949)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.885) \u0648 (0.951). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The present study aimed to develop a scale for assessing Hebrew written expression skills among Arab secondary school students inside the Green Line. Using a descriptive design, the scale was administered to a purposive sample of 30 twelfth-grade students from an Arab secondary school in northern Israel. In its final form, the scale included 40 items distributed across eight domains representing key aspects of written expression. Content validity was examined through expert review, while construct-related evidence was assessed through the correlations between each item and the total score of the domain to which it belonged. Reliability was examined using Cronbach\u2019s alpha. The findings showed that the scale demonstrated acceptable content validity. The corrected item\u2013domain correlations were all positive and ranged from strong to very strong, indicating that the items were well aligned with their intended domains. Reliability results also indicated a high level of internal consistency, with a Cronbach\u2019s alpha coefficient of 0.949 for the overall scale and values ranging from 0.885 to 0.951 across the subdomains. Overall, the findings suggest that the scale provides adequate evidence of validity and reliability and may serve as a supportive tool for evaluating written performance and identifying areas of strength and weakness among Arab secondary school students. Further research is needed to examine the scale with larger samples and across different educational contexts.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Scale standardization, written expression skills, writing in a second language.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16615","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16615","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16615"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16615\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16641,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16615\/revisions\/16641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}