{"id":16337,"date":"2026-04-01T00:13:17","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T00:13:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=16337"},"modified":"2026-04-01T00:13:18","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T00:13:18","slug":"7-4-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-4-3\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: eman.atamen@hotmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Iman bin Othmi<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> eman.atamen@hotmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj74\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj74\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/74\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/74\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (4). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 21 - 27<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-03-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-03-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-04-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue4\/7-4-3.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Othmi Iman. 2026. \\&quot;The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 4. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Othmi A.. 2026. The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-04-01. [Cited 2026-04-23]. 7(4). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-4-3\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Othmi A.. The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-04-01; 7(4). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Othmi A., \\&quot;The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Othmi Iman. \\&quot;The Impact of Students\u2019 Transition to New Grade Levels on School Adjustment, Learning Motivation, and Academic Achievement.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, 2026-04-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a \u0627. (2026). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. 2026. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a \u0627. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-04-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-23]. 7(4). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-4-3\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a \u0627. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-04-01\u061b 7(4). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a \u0627. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 4\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u062b\u0645\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 4\u060c 2026-04-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/3&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to identify the impact of students\u2019 transition to new grade levels on school adjustment, motivation for learning, and academic achievement. The study employed the descriptive-analytical method and was conducted on a sample of preparatory-stage students. A questionnaire was used to measure school adjustment and motivation for learning, in addition to analyzing students\u2019 academic achievement results. The findings showed that students\u2019 transition to new grade levels may affect the level of school adjustment during the initial stage of transition; however, in most cases, this effect decreases over time, especially when there is support from teachers and a positive, supportive classroom environment. The results also indicated that social relationships within the classroom play an important role in enhancing learning motivation among transferred students. The study recommends the provision of educational support programs to help students adapt to new classes and strengthen their sense of school belonging.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> School adjustment, transition between grade levels, motivation for learning, academic achievement, classroom environment.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0648 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a (Engels.et al.,2019).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 (2019). Engles et al \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 (2013) Ryan,Shim,&amp;Makara \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 (2014) Symonds &amp;Galton \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 10\u0648 14\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 (2016) Jindal-Snape \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 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\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a SPSS, \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (test-T)<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.67<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.71<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062c\u062f \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.73<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.88<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.57<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646= 3.43 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.57<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.64<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.72<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.69<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645= 3.73, \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T-test \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (T-test)<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 T<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.01<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.87<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.41<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.73<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">0.01 0.52 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Engels (2019) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Engels, M., Pakarinen, E., Laukkanen, M., &amp; Verschueren, K. (2019). Students\u2019 academic and emotional adjustment during the transition from primary to secondary school. Journal of School Psychology, 76, 140\u2013158.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ryan, A. M., Shim, S. S., &amp; Makara, K. (2013). Changes in academic adjustment and relational self\u2011worth across the transition to middle school. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(9), 1372\u20131384.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Symonds, J., &amp; Galton, M. (2014). Moving to the next school at age 10\u201314 years: An international review of psychological development at school transition. Review of Education.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jindal\u2011Snape, D. (2016). Educational transitions: Moving stories from around the world. London: Routledge.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">McIntyre, L. L., Blacher, J., &amp; Baker, B. (2006). The transition to school: Adaptation in young children with and without intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50(5), 349\u2013361.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rodr\u00edguez\u2011Fern\u00e1ndez, A., et al. (2024). School adjustment in adolescence explained by social support, resilience and positive affect. European Journal of Psychology of Education.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jindal\u2011Snape, D., &amp; Cantali, D. (2019). A systematic review of school transition interventions to improve mental health and wellbeing outcomes in children. School Mental Health.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16337","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16337"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16337\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16341,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16337\/revisions\/16341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}