{"id":15558,"date":"2025-12-31T14:58:43","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T14:58:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15558"},"modified":"2026-03-16T22:43:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T22:43:13","slug":"7-1-44","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-1-44\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 <sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627-\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: nawal.3abas@gmail.com<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627-\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Wardbahus8@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Nawal Mohammed Kamel Ababseh<sup>1<\/sup>, Ruba Samir Rashid Warwar<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> nawal.3abas@gmail.com<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> Wardbahus8@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/44' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/44<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/44' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/44<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 706 - 724<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-17 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-44.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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M. K., Warwar R. S. R.. (2026). The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Nawal Mohammed Kamel Ababseh, Ruba Samir Rashid Warwar. 2026. \\&quot;The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Ababseh N. M. K., Warwar R. S. R.. 2026. The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-44\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Ababseh N. M. K., Warwar R. S. R.. The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Ababseh N. M. K., Warwar R. S. R., \\&quot;The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Nawal Mohammed Kamel Ababseh, Ruba Samir Rashid Warwar. \\&quot;The reality of qualifying teachers to use educational technology during crisis in governmental Middle schools from their point of view - Nazareth District.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0646. \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631. \u0633. \u0631. (2026). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f. 2026. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0646. \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631. \u0633. \u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-01-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-24]. 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-44\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0646. \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631. \u0633. \u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-01-01\u061b 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0646. \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631. \u0633. \u0631. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f. \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u2013 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026-01-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/44&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 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\u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0647.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to reveal the role of rehabilitation in using e-learning during crises, highlight the reality of rehabilitation allocated to using educational platforms, and reveal the reality of rehabilitation allocated to designing lessons and their accessories electronically. To achieve these goals, the study relied on the descriptive analytical approach and the questionnaire tool that was applied to a stratified intentional sample of (106) male and female teachers from governmental middle schools in Nazareth District. The results of this study revealed a role and a medium degree for rehabilitation in using e-learning during crises with a degree of (3.63). The results showed that there is a role and a high degree for rehabilitation allocated to using educational platforms with a degree of (3.73). It became clear that the reality allocated to designing lessons and their accessories electronically had obtained a medium degree of (3.44). At the end of the study, the researchers recommended several points, the most prominent of which were: qualifying teachers and increasing their skills to present difficult ideas in lessons in an interesting way by using e-learning, and the necessity of developing rehabilitation to help teachers continue the educational process during a break from education, and conducting other studies related to the type of rehabilitation, its duration, and how to prepare for it.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Educational crises, educational technology, Qualifying teachers.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b<\/strong>: \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a 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\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Canals, &amp; Amenah, 2019).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 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Gargant\u00e9, 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (EdTech) \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Lazar, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 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\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 1-5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27.4%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 6-11 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>44.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u0648\u0642 12 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>28.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>72.6%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20.8%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6.6%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>29.2%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>70.8%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0631 (2012) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a (2019) \u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2019)\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 (30) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (10) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a (\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b = 5) \u0648(\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 = 4) \u0648(\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 = 3) \u0648(\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 = 2) \u0648(\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b = 1)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (3.67 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631) \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (2.33 \u2013 3.36) \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (2.33).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Person correlation) \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.52 \u2013 0.73)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627 (Cronbach Alpha)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u03b1) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (0.83)\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 (106) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627 (Cronbach Alpha) \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Person correlation) \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644: \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2) \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.881<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.623<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.48<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.691<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.516<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.82<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.716<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.89<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.452<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.623<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.811<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.78<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633\/ \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.86<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.654<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.63<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.660<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (3.63)\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.89<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.452<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.82<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.391<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.495<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.371<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.71<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.557<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.73<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.484<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.617<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.76<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.781<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.587<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong> 3.73<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.537<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong> \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (3.73)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2023) \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (Lazar, 2015) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0631 (2022) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b <\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.78<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.571<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.622<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.539<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.451<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.432<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.612<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.541<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629&#8230;)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.415<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.523<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.44<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.534<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (3.44)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 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Py\u017calski, 2022) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2019) \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 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\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"118\" data-end=\"4007\">\n<li data-section-id=\"5kqom8\" data-start=\"118\" data-end=\"598\">\n<p data-start=\"121\" data-end=\"598\"><strong data-start=\"121\" data-end=\"320\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 (2022). \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c 38(8)\u060c 86\u2013102.<\/strong><br data-start=\"320\" data-end=\"323\" \/>Abu Arar, Munim. (2022). Challenges of Education during Crises and Their Relationship to Learning Loss among Primary School Students in the Negev Region from the Perspective of Teachers and Principals. <em data-start=\"525\" data-end=\"582\">Journal of the Faculty of Education \u2013 Assiut University<\/em>, 38(8), 86\u2013102.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"c12zpn\" data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"1007\">\n<p data-start=\"603\" data-end=\"1007\"><strong data-start=\"603\" data-end=\"779\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 13(8)\u060c 32\u201344.<\/strong><br data-start=\"779\" data-end=\"782\" \/>Abu Farha, Inas, &amp; Abu Farha, Maher. (2024). Digital Transformation in the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Education for Smart Schools in Jenin Governorate. <em data-start=\"941\" data-end=\"992\">Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences<\/em>, 13(8), 32\u201344.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"art96p\" data-start=\"1009\" data-end=\"1397\">\n<p data-start=\"1012\" data-end=\"1397\"><strong data-start=\"1012\" data-end=\"1193\">\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a (2019). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/strong><br data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1196\" \/>Ahmed, Rami. (2019). The Degree of Using Modern Technology in Teaching Life Sciences from the Perspective of Secondary School Teachers in Zarqa Schools. Master\u2019s Thesis, Middle East University, Jordan.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1k3cytg\" data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1920\">\n<p data-start=\"1402\" data-end=\"1920\"><strong data-start=\"1402\" data-end=\"1631\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 (2019). \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c 44(4)\u060c 259\u2013306.<\/strong><br data-start=\"1631\" data-end=\"1634\" \/>Al-Harbi, Hanan. (2019). The Effectiveness of Teacher Training Programs Based on Educational Technology and Multimedia in Achieving Total Quality Management in Education from Teachers\u2019 Perspectives in Kuwait. <em data-start=\"1843\" data-end=\"1903\">Journal of the Faculty of Education \u2013 Ain Shams University<\/em>, 44(4), 259\u2013306.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8iio17\" data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"2535\">\n<p data-start=\"1925\" data-end=\"2535\"><strong data-start=\"1925\" data-end=\"2195\">\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2023). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c 17(1)\u060c 42\u201380.<\/strong><br data-start=\"2195\" data-end=\"2198\" \/>Hassouna, Ismail, Al-Mashoukhi, Lamia, &amp; Al-Mashoukhi, Mohammed. (2023). The Effectiveness of a Cloud Computing-Based Electronic Platform in Reducing Learning Loss in Programming Skills and Enhancing Awareness among Preparatory Stage Female Students in UNRWA Schools. <em data-start=\"2466\" data-end=\"2520\">Palestinian Journal of Open Education and E-Learning<\/em>, 17(1), 42\u201380.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yn7rez\" data-start=\"2537\" data-end=\"2935\">\n<p data-start=\"2540\" data-end=\"2935\"><strong data-start=\"2540\" data-end=\"2701\">\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a (2012). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c 5(22)\u060c 1\u201340.<\/strong><br data-start=\"2701\" data-end=\"2704\" \/>Shaqour, Ali. (2012). The Reality of Educational Preparation of Palestinian Teachers in the Field of Educational Technology from the Perspective of School Teachers in Nablus Governorate. <em data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"2921\">Ain Shams University Journal<\/em>, 5(22), 1\u201340.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"h8yfx3\" data-start=\"2937\" data-end=\"3406\">\n<p data-start=\"2940\" data-end=\"3406\"><strong data-start=\"2940\" data-end=\"3154\">\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (2023). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0634\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 13.<\/strong><br data-start=\"3154\" data-end=\"3157\" \/>Ghweila, Khairiya. (2023). The Reality of Using Digital Technology in Enhancing 21st-Century Skills in Secondary Schools from the Perspective of Teachers: A Field Study in Qasr Bin Ghashir Educational District. <em data-start=\"3368\" data-end=\"3401\">Journal of Educational Sciences<\/em>, 13.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"orkgmm\" data-start=\"3408\" data-end=\"4007\">\n<p data-start=\"3411\" data-end=\"4007\"><strong data-start=\"3411\" data-end=\"3667\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2022). \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c 38(9)\u060c 68\u2013107.<\/strong><br data-start=\"3667\" data-end=\"3670\" \/>Al-Marhaleh, Inas, &amp; Al-Zureikat, Ibrahim. (2022). The Degree of Using Assistive Technology in Developing Communication and Academic Skills among Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students and the Challenges of Its Use from the Perspectives of Students and Their Teachers. <em data-start=\"3934\" data-end=\"3991\">Journal of the Faculty of Education \u2013 Assiut University<\/em>, 38(9), 68\u2013107.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bakhmat, N., &amp; Popadych, O., &amp; Derkach, L., &amp; Shvardak, M., &amp; Lukashchuk, M., &amp; Romanenko, V. (2022). Using information technologies to train today teachers in the educational environment. <strong>Revista Romaneasca Pentru Educatie Multidimensionala<\/strong>, 14(2), p 479-499.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cai, Haiyan, &amp; Irwin, King. (2020). Education technology for online learning in times of crisis.&#8221; 2020 IEEE international conference on teaching, assessment, and learning for engineering (TALE). <strong>IEEE<\/strong> <strong>Journal<\/strong>.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Canals, Laia, and Amenah Al-Rawashdeh (2019) Teacher training and teachers\u2019 attitudes towards educational technology in the deployment of online English language courses in Jordan. <strong>Computer Assisted Language Learning<\/strong>, 32(7), p 639-664.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Domingo, Marta, &amp; Gargant\u00e9 , Antoni (2016). Exploring the use of educational technology in primary education: Teachers&#8217; perception of mobile technology learning impacts and applications&#8217; use in the classroom. <strong>Computers in human behavior<\/strong>, 56, p 21-28.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hathaway, Dawn,&amp; Greta, Gudmundsdottir,&amp; Matthew, Korona (2024) Teachers\u2019 online preparedness in times of crises: Trends from Norway and US. <strong>Education and Information Technologies<\/strong>, 29(2), p 1489-1517.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lazar, Sto\u0161i\u0107 (2015). The importance of educational technology in teaching. <strong>International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education<\/strong> 3(1), p 111-119.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mart\u00ednez, P\u00e9rez, &amp; Cabero, Almenara, &amp; Barroso, Osuna, &amp; Palacios, Rodr\u00edguez, (2022). T-MOOC for initial teacher training in digital competences: Technology and educational innovation. <strong>In Frontiers in Education,<\/strong> 7, p 846 \u2013 900.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Raji\u0107, V., Dikovi\u0107, M., Koludrovi\u0107, M., &amp; Daniela, L. (2021). Do we equip teachers to deal with global crisis? Case of initial teacher education in the Republic of Croatia. In Human, Technologies and Quality of Education (pp. 794-802). University of Latvia.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Selwyn, Neil (2021). Ed-Tech Within Limits: Anticipating educational technology in times of environmental crisis. <strong>E-Learning and Digital Media<\/strong>, 18(5), p 496-510.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Stuchlikova, L (2021) <strong>Did the Covid-19 Crisis Prepare us for Digital Learning<\/strong>?. 2021 19th International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications (ICETA). IEEE, 2021.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tondeur, J., Van Braak, J., Siddiq, F., &amp; Scherer, R. (2016). Time for a new approach to prepare future teachers for educational technology use: Its meaning and measurement. <strong>Computers &amp; Education<\/strong>, 94, p 134-150.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Walter, Natalia, &amp; Py\u017calski, Jacek (2022). Lessons learned from Covid-19 emergency remote education. Adaptation to crisis distance education of teachers by developing new or modified digital competences. <strong>Digital literacy for teachers<\/strong>. 20(22), p 7-23.\u200f<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2023-2024 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15558","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15558"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15558\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16267,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15558\/revisions\/16267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}