{"id":15526,"date":"2025-12-31T14:50:35","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T14:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15526"},"modified":"2026-03-16T22:35:46","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T22:35:46","slug":"7-1-40","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/7-1-40\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0623\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: kabha.afnan@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Afnan Kabha<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> kabha.afnan@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/40' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/40<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/40' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/40<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 616 - 637<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-17 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-40.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Afnan Kabha. 2026. \\&quot;Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Kabha A.. 2026. Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-40\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Kabha A.. Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/40&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Kabha A., \\&quot;Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/40&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Afnan Kabha. \\&quot;Body Image among Women with Physical Disabilities: A Qualitative Comparative Study of Motor and Health-Related Disabilities.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/40&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623. 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631.\r\n\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.\r\n<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to explore body image among women with physical disabilities, specifically motor and health-related disabilities, by examining how women perceive their bodies in terms of physical appearance, physical fitness, health and illness, weight, and satisfaction with different body parts. A qualitative research approach was employed, and data were collected through structured interviews conducted with a sample of eight Arab women with physical disabilities, aged between 20 and 37 years, from different regions within the Arab community.\r\nThe findings indicated that most participants demonstrated an overall positive body image, despite noticeable differences across specific dimensions. The type of disability appeared to influence body image in relation to health and illness, physical fitness, and weight. Women with health-related disabilities expressed higher health awareness and greater concern with health-related issues, whereas women with motor disabilities reported greater fear of weight gain and increased concern about body weight. In contrast, no clear differences were found between the two groups regarding satisfaction with physical appearance or satisfaction with other body parts, as most participants expressed acceptance of their bodies, albeit with varying patterns of investment in appearance.\r\nThe study highlights the importance of understanding body image among women with physical disabilities from a subjective and experiential perspective. It underscores the need for developing psychosocial support programs that are sensitive to the unique bodily experiences of women with disabilities, particularly within the Arab cultural context.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Body image, women with disabilities, motor disability, health-related disability, qualitative study.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (Cash &amp; Pruzinsky, 2004\u061b Gillen &amp; Markey, 2016). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Cash, 2012\u061b Wood-Barcalow et al., 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0651\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0648\u064a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Featherstone, 2010\u061b McCreary, 2011). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 (Pruis &amp; Janowsky, 2010\u061b \u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (Taleporos &amp; McCabe, 2002\u061b \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646-\u063a\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c 2011). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 (Bailey et al., 2015\u061b Peer, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Helms et al., 2008\u061b Angelin et al., 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c 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\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Millstein, 2013).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0651 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 (Gillen &amp; Markey, 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u064e \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Cash &amp; Pruzinsky, 2004) \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(2) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(3) \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Cash &amp; Pruzinsky, 2004).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Positive &amp; Negative Body-image)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: (\u0623) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645. (\u0628) \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629. (\u062c) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u0651\u062c. (\u062f) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c (\u0647\u0640) \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Wood-Barcalow, Tylka &amp; Augustus-Horvath, 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 (Tylka &amp; Wood-Barcalow, 2015). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(2) \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(3) \u062a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(4) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(5) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(6) \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(7) \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 (Tylka &amp; Wood-Barcalow, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(2) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(3) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(4) \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(5) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(6) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (Tylka &amp; Wood-Barcalow, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f (Gillen &amp; Markey, 2016). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 284 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Gillen, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Mahlo &amp; Tiggemann, 2016). \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Dunaey, Markey &amp; Brochu, 2018).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Cash, 2012). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0627\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0628\u0650\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 (Jones, 2011). \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (Cash &amp; Fleming, 2002).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Body Image Disturbance)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a (2013) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a (Anorexia Nervosa)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a (Bulimia Nervosa)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 (Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Body Image Distortion)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Body Image Dissatisfaction)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u2013\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Mountford &amp; Koskina, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 40 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a (Micanti, Loiarro, Pecoraro &amp; Galletta, 2016).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Ideal Body-image)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0646\u062d\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a (Gillen &amp; Markey, 2016). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 (McCreary, 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062c (Nash, Fieldman, Hussey, L\u00e9v\u00eaque &amp; Pineau, 2006). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 (Gu\u00e9guen, 2015)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 (Gu\u00e9guen, 2007). \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u0642\u0631 (Gu\u00e9guen, 2012a). \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Gu\u00e9guen, 2012b). \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Stephen &amp; Perera, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 (O&#8217;Dea, 2007).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 (Body-image in Media)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (Bedford &amp; Johnson, 2006)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Lister, 2013)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Ferguson, Winegard, &amp; Winegard, 2011). \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (Featherstone, 2010). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 (McCreary, 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0646 (Pompper &amp; Koenig, 2004). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 (Krawitz, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646 (Bell &amp; Dittmar, 2011). \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 (Grabe, Ward, &amp; Hyde, 2008).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627 (Bissell, 2004). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0651\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0646 (Harrison &amp; Fredrickson, 2003).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0645 (Manago, Graham, Greenfield &amp; Salimkhan, 2008; Zhao, Grasmuck &amp; Martin, 2008; Hew, 2011; Carey, Donaghue &amp; Broderick, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 103 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 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\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0630\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a (Meier &amp; Gray, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 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\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f (\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05e1\u05d1\u05e8\u05d2, 2016). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 (Fardouly &amp; Vartanian, 2016).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062d\u062b\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 &#8220;\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f&#8221; \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u064a\u0642\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064e\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 (Alleva, Martijn, &amp; Jansen, 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Body-Image) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a: \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0646 (\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a: &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f&#8221;. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629: &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a (\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 &#8220;\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0651 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0646 (Pruis &amp; Janowsky, 2010).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0651\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 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\u0630\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629) \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u0651\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221; (\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c 2017).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646-\u063a\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c 2011). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c 2005).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 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\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 (Kuvalekar, Kamath, Ashok, Shetty, Mayya, &amp; Chandrasekaran, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0641\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u064b\u0627 (Jalayondeja, Jalayondeja, Suttiwong, Sullivan &amp; Nilanthi, 2016). \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Richardson, Smith &amp; Papathomas, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 (Taleporos &amp; McCabe, 2002).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 (Taleporos &amp; McCabe, 2002).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 (Bailey, Gammage, van Ingen, &amp; Ditor, 2015). \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Bassett &amp; Ginis, 2009).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062d\u062b\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f) \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Nosek, Hughes, Swedlund, Taylor &amp; Swank, 2003).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u064a) \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 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\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Angelin, Chellarani, Shirley &amp; John, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. 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\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0647\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 10\u201315 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 20\u201337 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0651\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631. \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 (9\/2025) \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 (10\/2025).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 (Structured Interview). \u0642\u064f\u0633\u0651\u0650\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0634 (Cash, 2000) \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire). \u0648\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u064f\u0633\u0651\u0650\u0645\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 (Thematic Analysis)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644): \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646-\u063a\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639): \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Cash, 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.8. \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629: 22\u060c 29\u060c 32\u060c 34.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629: 20\u060c 31\u060c 35\u060c 37.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0637\u064f\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c 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\u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u064b\u0627 (Jalayondeja et al., 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 (Richardson et al., 2017). \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b (Gillen &amp; Markey, 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0623\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 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\u064a\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Gillen, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 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\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 (Gillen &amp; Markey, 2016)\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 (\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a, 2012)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 (Pruis &amp; Janowsky, 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6.2. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 (Taleporos &amp; McCabe, 2002).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Peer, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Tylka &amp; Wood-Barcalow, 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Featherstone, 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Tylka &amp; Wood-Barcalow, 2015; Wood-Barcalow et al., 2010). \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f (Bailey et al., 2015).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong> \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>9. \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"flex flex-col text-sm pb-25\">\n<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:e706db20-cde8-43d6-b276-d86b93110c87-14\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-30\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"9683edeb-0c68-4691-9531-d8576dab3051\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full wrap-break-word light markdown-new-styling\">\n<ol data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"1745\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\n<li data-section-id=\"12vm4w\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"379\">\n<p data-start=\"3\" data-end=\"379\"><strong data-start=\"3\" data-end=\"155\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062e. \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623. (2005). \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u2013 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><br data-start=\"155\" data-end=\"158\" \/>Abu Asba, K., &amp; Karara, A. (2005). Survey and Analysis of Projects in the Field of Rehabilitation of People with Disabilities among the Arab Population in Israel. <em data-start=\"321\" data-end=\"378\">Masar \u2013 Institute for Research, Planning and Consulting<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kafcbf\" data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"689\">\n<p data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"689\"><strong data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"518\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062e.\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646-\u063a\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0646. \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062b. (2011). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0639: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/strong><br data-start=\"518\" data-end=\"521\" \/>Abu Asba, K., Rayan-Garra, N., &amp; Nassar, T. (2011). <em data-start=\"573\" data-end=\"640\">Disability and People with Disabilities in Arab Society in Israel<\/em>. Kafr Qara: Dar Al-Huda Printing and Publishing.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1a1sbeb\" data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"960\">\n<p data-start=\"694\" data-end=\"960\"><strong data-start=\"694\" data-end=\"818\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642. (2016). \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: <a class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"759\" data-end=\"816\">http:\/\/www.kolzchut.org.il\/ar\/\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629_\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649_\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/strong><br data-start=\"818\" data-end=\"821\" \/>Kol Zchut. (2016). Determination of Disability for Cancer Patients. Available at: <a class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"903\" data-end=\"960\">http:\/\/www.kolzchut.org.il\/ar\/\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629_\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649_\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15nliuo\" data-start=\"962\" data-end=\"1252\">\n<p data-start=\"965\" data-end=\"1252\"><strong data-start=\"965\" data-end=\"1105\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642. (2017). \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kolzchut.org.il\/ar\/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B0%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1103\">http:\/\/www.kolzchut.org.il\/ar\/\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646_\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629_\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642_\u0630\u0648\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><br data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1108\" \/>Kol Zchut. (2017). <em data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1175\">Equal Rights for Persons with Disabilities Law<\/em>. Available at: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kolzchut.org.il\/ar\/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B0%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1191\" data-end=\"1252\">http:\/\/www.kolzchut.org.il\/ar\/\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646_\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629_\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642_\u0630\u0648\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8utjpv\" data-start=\"1254\" data-end=\"1439\">\n<p data-start=\"1257\" data-end=\"1439\"><strong data-start=\"1257\" data-end=\"1345\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0633\u060c \u0644. (2010). \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c 3\u060c 31-37.<\/strong><br data-start=\"1345\" data-end=\"1348\" \/>Kurtz, L. (2010). Self-Image and Body Image. <em data-start=\"1393\" data-end=\"1428\">Israeli Oncology Nursing Bulletin<\/em>, 3, 31\u201337.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"os9fyv\" data-start=\"1441\" data-end=\"1745\" data-is-last-node=\"\">\n<p data-start=\"1444\" data-end=\"1745\" data-is-last-node=\"\"><strong data-start=\"1444\" data-end=\"1580\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0628. (2012). \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633.<\/strong><br data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1583\" \/>Kenty, B. (2012). Body Image across the Lifespan among Adult Women: The Relationship with Emotional Intelligence. Master\u2019s Thesis, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"text-center\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alleva, J. M., Martijn, C., &amp; Jansen, A. (2016). Covariation bias in women with a negative body evaluation: How is it expressed and can it be diminished? <em>Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry<\/em>, 50, 33-39.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">American Psychiatric Association. (2013). <em>Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders<\/em> (DSM-5\u00ae). American Psychiatric Pub.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Angelin, E. A., Chellarani, V., Shirley, D., &amp; John, M. (2017). Perception of Body Image and Sexuality of women with and without Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. <em>International Journal of Nursing Education and Research<\/em>, 5(4), 425-430.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bailey, K. A., Gammage, K. L., van Ingen, C., &amp; Ditor, D. S. (2015). \u201cIt&#8217;s all about acceptance\u201d: A qualitative study exploring a model of positive body image for people with spinal cord injury. <em>Body image<\/em>, 15, 24-34.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bassett, R. L., &amp; Ginis, K. M. (2009). More than looking good: Impact on quality of life moderates the relationship between functional body image and physical activity in men with SCI. <em>Spinal cord<\/em>, 47(3), 252.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bedford, J. L., &amp; Johnson, C. S. (2006). Societal influences on body image dissatisfaction in younger and older women. <em>Journal of Women &amp; Aging<\/em>, 18(1), 41-55.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bell, B. T., &amp; Dittmar, H. (2011). Does media type matter? The role of identification in adolescent girls\u2019 media consumption and the impact of different thin-ideal media on body image. <em>Sex roles<\/em>, 65(7-8), 478490-<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bissell, K. L. (2004). What do these messages really mean? Sports media exposure, sports participation, and body image distortion in women between the ages of 18 and 75. <em>Journalism &amp; Mass Communication Quarterly,<\/em> 81(1), 108-123.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Carey, R. N., Donaghue, N., &amp; Broderick, P. (2014). Body image concern among Australian adolescent girls: The role of body comparisons with models and peers. <em>Body Image<\/em>, 11(1), 81-84.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cash, T. F. (2000). <em>User\u2019s manual for the multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire<\/em>. Norfolk, VA: Old Dominion University.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cash, T. F. (2012). Cognitive-behavioral perspectives on body image. In <em>Encyclopedia of body image and human appearance<\/em> (pp. 334-342).\u200f London, UK, and San Diego, CA: Academic Press (Elsevier).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cash, T. F., &amp; Fleming, E. C. (2002). The impact of body image experiences: development of the body image quality of life inventory. <em>International Journal of Eating Disorders<\/em>, 31(4), 455-460.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cash, T. F., &amp; Pruzinsky, T. (2004). <em>Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice<\/em>. The Guilford Press.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dunaev, J., Markey, C. H., &amp; Brochu, P. M. (2018). An attitude of gratitude: The effects of body-focused gratitude on weight bias internalization and body image. <em>Body image<\/em>, 25, 9-13.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fardouly, J., &amp; Vartanian, L. R. (2016). Social media and body image concerns: Current research and future directions. <em>Current opinion in psychology,<\/em> 9, 1-5.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Featherstone, M. (2010). Body, image and affect in consumer culture. <em>Body &amp; Society<\/em>, 16(1), 193-221.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ferguson, C. J., Winegard, B., &amp; Winegard, B. M. (2011). Who is the fairest one of all? How evolution guides peer and media influences on female body dissatisfaction. <em>Review of General Psychology<\/em>, 15(1), 11-28.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gillen, M. M. (2015). Associations between positive body image and indicators of men&#8217;s and women&#8217;s mental and physical health. <em>Body Image<\/em>, 13, 67-74.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gillen, M. M., &amp; Markey, C. N. (2016). Body image and mental health. In Encyclopedia of mental health (pp. 187-192). <em>Academic Press Waltham<\/em>, MA.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Grabe, S., Ward, L. M., &amp; Hyde, J. S. (2008). The role of the media in body image concerns among women: a meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies. <em>Psychological bulletin<\/em>, 134(3), 460-476<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gu\u00e9guen, N. (2007). Bust size and hitchhiking: A field study. <em>Perceptual and Motor Skills<\/em>, 105, 1294\u20131298.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gu\u00e9guen, N. (2012a). Hair color and courtship: Blond women received more courtship solicitations and redhead men received more refusals. <em>Psychological Studies<\/em>, 57, 369\u2013375.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gu\u00e9guen, N. (2012b). Color and women attractiveness: When red clothed women are perceived to have more intense sexual intent. <em>The Journal of Social Psychology<\/em>, 152(3), 261-265.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gu\u00e9guen, N. (2015). High heels increase women\u2019s attractiveness. <em>Archives of sexual behavior<\/em>, 44(8), 2227-2235.\u200f \u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Harrison, K., &amp; Fredrickson, B. L. (2003). Women&#8217;s sports media, self-objectification, and mental health in black and white adolescent females. <em>Journal of Communication<\/em>, 53(2), 216-232.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Helms, R. L., O&#8217;Hea, E. L., &amp; Corso, M. (2008). Body image issues in women with breast cancer. <em>Psychology, Health and medicine<\/em>, 13(3), 313-325.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jalayondeja, C., Jalayondeja, W., Suttiwong, J., Sullivan, P. E., &amp; Nilanthi, D. L. (2016). PhysiCAL Activity, self-esteem, and quality of life among people with physical disability. <em>Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health<\/em>, 47(47), 546-558.\u200f \u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jones, D. C. (2011). Interpersonal and familial influences on the development of body image. <em>Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention<\/em>, 2, 110-118.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Krawitz, M. (2014). Beauty is only photoshop deep: Legislating models&#8217; BMIs and photoshopping images. <em>Journal of law and medicine<\/em>, 21, 859-874.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kuvalekar, K., Kamath, R., Ashok, L., Shetty, B., Mayya, S., &amp; Chandrasekaran, V. (2015). Quality of life among persons with physical disability in udupi taluk: A cross sectional study. <em>Journal of family medicine and primary care<\/em>, 4(1), 69-73.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lister, M. (Ed.). (2013). <em>The photographic image in digital culture<\/em>. Routledge.\u200f \u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mahlo, L., &amp; Tiggemann, M. (2016). 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Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships. <em>Computers in human behavior<\/em>, 24(5), 1816-1836.\u200f<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15526","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15526","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15526"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15526\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16261,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15526\/revisions\/16261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15526"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}