{"id":15222,"date":"2025-11-30T20:24:08","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T20:24:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15222"},"modified":"2025-11-30T20:24:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T20:24:10","slug":"6-12-30","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/6-12-30\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Abdel Fattah Abdelaziz Mohammed Ibrahim<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Associate Professor, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Al-Zaeem Al-Azhari University, Sudan<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj612\/30' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj612\/30<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/612\/30' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/612\/30<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (12). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 432 - 452<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-11-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-11-18 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-12-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue12\/6-12-30.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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A. M. (2025). Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(12). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Ibrahim Abdel Fattah Abdel Aziz Mohammed. 2025. \\&quot;Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 12. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Ibrahim A. A. M. 2025. Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-12-01. [Cited 2026-05-15]. 6(12). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-12-30\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Ibrahim A. A. M. Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-12-01; 6(12). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Ibrahim A. A. M, \\&quot;Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 12, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Ibrahim Abdel Fattah Abdel Aziz Mohammed. \\&quot;Tourism and Its Role in Enhancing the Quality of Life in Local Communities: A Case Study of the Kerma Region.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 12, 2025-12-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639. \u0639. \u0645. (2025). \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(12). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. 2025. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(12). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639. \u0639. \u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-12-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-05-15]. 6(12). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-12-30\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639. \u0639. \u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-12-01\u061b 6(12). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639. \u0639. \u0645. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 12\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 12\u060c 2025-12-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/30&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a (272) \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a 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\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aims to examine the role of tourism in enhancing the quality of life in local communities, focusing on the Kerma region in northern Sudan. It analyzes the impact of tourism activities on the economic, social, and cultural dimensions of residents' well-being. The descriptive-analytical method was employed, and field data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 272 respondents. The findings reveal a statistically significant positive relationship between tourism development and improved quality of life. Results indicate that upgrading tourism-related infrastructure and services increases residents\u2019 satisfaction, while cultural and heritage tourism strengthens identity and social cohesion. The study also highlights the essential role of community participation in tourism planning and identifies administrative and financial challenges as major obstacles to sustainable tourism development in Kerma. Recommendations include improving infrastructure, enhancing community engagement, securing adequate funding, and strengthening institutional coordination.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Tourism, Quality of Life, Kerma, Sustainable Development.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c 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\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (272) \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 (Google Docs) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f (272) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a 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\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 (5) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>32<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (5) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (1) (\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 (5) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 (4) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f (3) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a = (5+4+3+2+1)\/5 = 3<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 = (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644)\/ \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a = (5-1)\/5 = 0.80<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 = (0.79)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.0- 1.79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.8- 2.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.6- 3.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.4- 4.19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.2- 5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0639\u0632\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c 1982\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 SPSS\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0635 540- 541.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a (SPSS)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Frequencies &amp; Percent) \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Mean) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (Standard Deviation) \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a: \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (T) \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (One Sample T Test)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (\u03b1 \u2264 0.05)\u061b \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u03b1 \u2264 0.05) \u0647\u064a (1.9719).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Independent- Sample T Test)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (One Way ANOVA)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Scheffe)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 (Skewness)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0637\u062d (Kurtosis)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 (Principals Component Analysis) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a (SPSS Ver. (26)) \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640 (0.30) \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c 2003: \u0635149)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (3) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.798<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>B1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.752<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.721<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>D1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.755<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>E1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.661<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.852<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>B2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.805<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.774<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>D2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.795<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>E2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.800<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.834<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>B3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.809<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.756<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>D3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.818<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>E3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.730<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.764<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>B4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.816<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.798<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>D4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.737<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>E4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.717<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.778<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>B5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.737<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.755<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>D5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.783<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>E5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.753<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a: <\/strong>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a (Sekaran, 1992).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628. \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 Composite Reliability (CR)\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 Average Variance Extracted (AVE)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 (CR)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 (AVE)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.864<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.902<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.650<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.841<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.889<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.615<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.814<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.873<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.580<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.835<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.885<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.605<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.782<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.853<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.538<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS) \u0648(CR-AVE Calculator)\u060c 2025\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 0.5 \u06480.6 \u06480.7\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.782 \u06480.841\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 (Hair et al, 2010) \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 0.60\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 (CR) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.853\u060c \u06480.902\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 (Hu &amp; Bentler, 1999) \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 0.70\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 (AVE) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.538\u060c \u06480.650\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 Malhotra &amp; Dash, 2011)) \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 0.5\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0637\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u00b11)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u00b13)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u00b13)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u00b110) (Malhotra &amp; Dash, 2011: P284)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Skewness<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Error<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Kurtosis<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Error<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.815<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.148<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.268<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.294<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.613<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.148<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.284<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.294<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.712<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.148<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.094<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.294<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.264<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.148<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.700<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.294<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.904<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.148<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+1.093<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>+0.294<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0637\u062d) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 (\u00b11)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u062f \u0639\u0646 (\u00b13)\u061b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>204<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>75%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>66<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>24.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>30 \u2013 39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10.6%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40 \u2013 49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23.2%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16.2%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50 \u2013 59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>17.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>140<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>60 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15.8%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>21.7%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>18.4%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p><strong>\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>57<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>21%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>82<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>30.1%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>136<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062d\/ \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>87<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14.7%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>186<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>68.4%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>17.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8.4%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>167<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>61.4%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23.2%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>21.3%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>272<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (7) \u0623\u0646 75% \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 25% \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 24.3% \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 30 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 23.2% \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (40 &#8211; 49 \u0633\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 19.5% \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (30 \u2013 39 \u0633\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 17.3% \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (50 &#8211; 59 \u0633\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 15.8% \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 60 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 51.5% \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 21.7% \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 16.2% \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 10.6% \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 32% \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 (\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 30.1% \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 (\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 19.5% \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 (\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 18.4% \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 (\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 50% \u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 21% \u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 14.7% \u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a (\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 14.3% \u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a (\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062d\/ \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 61.4% \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 21.3% \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 17.3% \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 68.4% \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 23.2% \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 8.4% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (T) \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646) (Hair, et al, 2010: P264).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.581<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>45.284<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.569<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>44.446<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.617<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>38.543<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.593<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43.280<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.612<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>39.158<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4.52<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.478<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>52.247<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.000<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (8) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (One- Sample T Test) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (4.52)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.478)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) (52.247) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (T) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>B1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.525<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50.587<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>B2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.654<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>37.720<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>B3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.575<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>41.961<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>B4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.48<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.607<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40.153<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>B5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.664<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>36.163<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4.50<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.475<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>52.151<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.000<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (9) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (One- Sample T Test) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (4.50)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.475)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) (51.151) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (T) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.732<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32.557<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.610<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>42.224<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.589<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>41.802<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.586<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43.872<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.656<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34.869<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4.49<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.482<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>50.929<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.000<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (10) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (One- Sample T Test) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (4.49)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.482)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) (50.929) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (T) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (11) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>D1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.660<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>33.798<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>D2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.660<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>33.798<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>D3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.566<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>41.858<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>D4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.576<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>42.521<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>D5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.622<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>36.875<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4.40<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.480<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>48.261<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.000<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (11) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (One- Sample T Test) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (4.40)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.480)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) (48.261) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (T) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629: \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (12) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>E1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.773<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>31.689<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>E2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.719<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32.472<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>E3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.728<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>31.136<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>E4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.815<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27.318<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>E5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.33<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.750<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>29.335<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4.39<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.554<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>41.465<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.000<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SPSS)\u060c 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (12) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (One- Sample T Test) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (4.39)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (0.554)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) (41.465) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (T) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (0.000)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 (Independent- Sample T Test) \u0648(One Way ANOVA):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a (Independent- Sample T Test) \u0648(One Way ANOVA)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (T) \u0623\u0648 (F)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.667<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.506<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.491<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.171<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.916<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.944<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.123<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.329<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.075<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.423<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13.536<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c (2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13) \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Scheffe) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (14) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Scheffe) \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.229*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.229*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c (2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (14) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (15) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Scheffe) \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>186<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.248*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.261*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.248*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-0.013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.261*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c (2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (15) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627)\u060c \u0648(\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627) \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a 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\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 2030 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0645 &#8220;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 36\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 141\u060c \u0635 513-552.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u061b \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0634\u0627 (2018)\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 12\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\u060c \u0635 358-384.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2014)\u060c \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2014)\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2013)\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2016)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 (\u0643\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649)\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631 (2008)\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0632\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c (1982)\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 SPSS\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c (2003)\u060c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a SPSS\u060c \u063710\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<ol>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Diener, E., &amp; Suh, E. (1997). Measuring quality of life: Economic, social, and subjective indicators. Social Indicators Research, 40(1-2), 189\u2013216.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">World Health Organization (WHO). (1997). WHOQOL: Measuring Quality of Life. Geneva: World Health Organization.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Uysal, M., Sirgy, M. J., Woo, E., &amp; Kim, H. (2016). Quality of life (QOL) and well-being research in tourism. Tourism Management, 53, 244\u2013261.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. &amp; Anderson, R.E., (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th Edition, Pearson, New York, United States of America.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Hu, L. &amp; Bentler, P.M., (1999), Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versos New Alternatives SEM, Vol. (06), No. (01), P(1-55).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Malhotra, N.K. &amp; Dash, S., (2011), Marketing Research an Applied Orientation, Pearson Publishing, London, United Kingdom.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Sekaran, Uma, (1992), Research Method for Business: A Skill Building Approach, John Willy &amp; Sons, United States of America.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Uma Sekaran, &amp; Bougie R., (2010), Research Method for Business, John Wiley &amp; Sons, United States of America.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (2018)\u060c \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 2030: \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alriyadh.com\">https:\/\/www.alriyadh.com<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062c\u0631 (2025\u060c 29 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644)\u060c \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 2030 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d: \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 24: \u200fhttps:\/\/www.akhbaar24.com.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15222","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15222"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15222\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15240,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15222\/revisions\/15240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}