{"id":14339,"date":"2025-09-01T07:34:52","date_gmt":"2025-09-01T07:34:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=14339"},"modified":"2025-09-01T07:34:55","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T07:34:55","slug":"6-9-24","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/6-9-24\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: nebal.bor@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Nibal Barbara<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> An-Najah National University, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> nebal.bor@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj69\/24' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj69\/24<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/69\/24' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/69\/24<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (9). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 356 - 375<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-08-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-08-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-09-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue9\/6-9-24.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; background:#fff;\r\n  width:34px; height:34px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  font-size:18px; cursor:pointer; line-height:0; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close:hover{background:#f3f4f6}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-tabs{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; padding:10px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; background:#f3f4f6;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab:hover{background:#e5e7eb;border-color:#9ca3af}\r\n.hnsj-tab.active{\r\n  background:#0b5ed7; border-color:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(11,94,215,.18);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-body{padding:14px 16px}\r\n.hnsj-row{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center;\r\n  margin-bottom:10px; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-select{\r\n  padding:10px 12px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; min-width:220px;\r\n  background:#fff; color:#111827; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-textarea{\r\n  width:100%; min-height:130px; padding:12px;\r\n  border-radius:12px; border:1px solid #cfcfcf;\r\n  line-height:1.7; resize:vertical; color:#111827; background:#fff;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-actions{display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; margin-top:10px; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;}\r\n.hnsj-dl{\r\n  padding:10px 14px;\r\n  border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n  background:#0b5ed7;\r\n  color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer;\r\n  font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-dl:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\/* Force the citation modal UI to be independent from site RTL\/LTR *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal,\r\n.hnsj-modal *{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Keep the header title readable *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n  function slugifyFileName(s){\r\n    return (s || 'citation')\r\n      .toString()\r\n      .trim()\r\n      .replace(\/^https?:\\\/\\\/\/i,'')\r\n      .replace(\/[^a-z0-9]+\/gi,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/-+\/g,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/^-|-$\/g,'')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function downloadTextFile(filename, content, mime){\r\n    var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mime || 'text\/plain;charset=utf-8' });\r\n    var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\r\n    var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n    a.href = url;\r\n    a.download = filename;\r\n    document.body.appendChild(a);\r\n    a.click();\r\n    a.remove();\r\n    setTimeout(function(){ URL.revokeObjectURL(url); }, 500);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function splitAuthors(str){\r\n    if(!str) return [];\r\n    return str\r\n      .split(\/,|\u061b|\u060c|;|\\n\/g)\r\n      .map(s => s.trim())\r\n      .filter(Boolean);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildRIS(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authors = splitAuthors((langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || ''));\r\n\r\n    let ris = '';\r\n    ris += 'TY  - JOUR\\n';\r\n    if (title)   ris += 'TI  - ' + title + '\\n';\r\n    authors.forEach(a => { ris += 'AU  - ' + a + '\\n'; });\r\n    if (journal) ris += 'JO  - ' + journal + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)  ris += 'PY  - ' + m.year + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)ris += 'VL  - ' + m.volume + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue) ris += 'IS  - ' + m.issue + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)   ris += 'DO  - ' + m.doi + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)   ris += 'UR  - ' + m.url + '\\n';\r\n    ris += 'ER  - \\n';\r\n    return ris;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildBibTeX(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authorStr = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || '');\r\n\r\n    const keyBase = slugifyFileName(m.doi || title || 'hnsj');\r\n    const key = (keyBase || 'hnsj').slice(0, 40);\r\n\r\n    let bib = '';\r\n    bib += '@article{' + key + ',\\n';\r\n    if (title)      bib += '  title = {' + title + '},\\n';\r\n    if (authorStr)  bib += '  author = {' + authorStr + '},\\n';\r\n    if (journal)    bib += '  journal = {' + journal + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)     bib += '  year = {' + m.year + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)   bib += '  volume = {' + m.volume + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue)    bib += '  number = {' + m.issue + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)      bib += '  doi = {' + m.doi + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)      bib += '  url = {' + m.url + '},\\n';\r\n    bib = bib.replace(\/,\\n$\/, '\\n');\r\n    bib += '}\\n';\r\n    return bib;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function initHnsjCite(root){\r\n    if(!root) return;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Guard: do not bind twice\r\n    if (root.dataset.hnsjInited === '1') return;\r\n    root.dataset.hnsjInited = '1';\r\n\r\n    const openBtn = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-open]');\r\n    const modal   = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-modal]');\r\n    const back    = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-backdrop]');\r\n    const closeBtn= root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-close]');\r\n\r\n    const tabs    = modal.querySelectorAll('.hnsj-tab');\r\n    const select  = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-style]');\r\n    const box     = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-box]');\r\n    const copyBtn = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-copy]');\r\n    const dlBtns  = modal.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-dl]');\r\n\r\n    let lang = 'en';\r\n    let citEn = {};\r\n    let citAr = {};\r\n    let meta = {};\r\n\r\n    function parseData(){\r\n      try{ citEn = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-en') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citEn = {}; }\r\n      try{ citAr = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-ar') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citAr = {}; }\r\n      try{ meta  = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-meta')  || '{}'); }catch(e){ meta = {}; }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function setLang(newLang){\r\n      lang = newLang;\r\n      tabs.forEach(t => t.classList.toggle('active', t.dataset.lang === lang));\r\n\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      const styles = Object.keys(data);\r\n\r\n      select.innerHTML = '';\r\n      styles.forEach(st => {\r\n        const opt = document.createElement('option');\r\n        opt.value = st;\r\n        opt.textContent = st;\r\n        select.appendChild(opt);\r\n      });\r\n\r\n      box.dir = (lang === 'ar') ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';\r\n      box.style.textAlign = (lang === 'ar') ? 'right' : 'left';\r\n\r\n      if(styles.length){\r\n        select.value = styles[0];\r\n        box.value = data[styles[0]] || '';\r\n      } else {\r\n        box.value = '';\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function openModal(){\r\n      parseData();\r\n      back.style.display = 'block';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'block';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = 'hidden';\r\n      setLang('en');\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function closeModal(){\r\n      back.style.display = 'none';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'none';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function onStyleChange(){\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      box.value = data[select.value] || '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    async function copyCitation(){\r\n      try{\r\n        await navigator.clipboard.writeText(box.value || '');\r\n      }catch(e){\r\n        box.focus(); box.select();\r\n        document.execCommand('copy');\r\n      }\r\n      const old = copyBtn.textContent;\r\n      copyBtn.textContent = (lang === 'ar') ? '\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u2713' : 'Copied \u2713';\r\n      setTimeout(()=> copyBtn.textContent = old, 1200);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    openBtn.addEventListener('click', openModal);\r\n    closeBtn.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n    back.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n\r\n    tabs.forEach(t => t.addEventListener('click', ()=> setLang(t.dataset.lang)));\r\n    select.addEventListener('change', onStyleChange);\r\n    copyBtn.addEventListener('click', copyCitation);\r\n\r\n    dlBtns.forEach(btn => {\r\n      btn.addEventListener('click', function(){\r\n        parseData();\r\n        const kind = btn.getAttribute('data-hnsj-dl'); \/\/ ris or bib\r\n        const langKey = lang || 'en';\r\n        const base = slugifyFileName(meta.doi || meta.title_en || meta.title_ar || 'citation');\r\n\r\n        if (kind === 'ris') {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.ris', buildRIS(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-research-info-systems;charset=utf-8');\r\n        } else {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.bib', buildBibTeX(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-bibtex;charset=utf-8');\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', (e)=>{\r\n      if(e.key === 'Escape' && modal.style.display === 'block') closeModal();\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function bootHnsjCite(){\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-cite-root]').forEach(initHnsjCite);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Run now if DOM already ready, otherwise wait\r\n  if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\r\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bootHnsjCite);\r\n  } else {\r\n    bootHnsjCite();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Also handle late injected content (builders\/cache)\r\n  const obs = new MutationObserver(() => bootHnsjCite());\r\n  obs.observe(document.documentElement, { childList: true, subtree: true });\r\n\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<div data-hnsj-cite-root id='hnsjCite_90282'>\r\n  <button type='button' class='hnsj-cite-btn' data-hnsj-open>\r\n    <span>\ud83d\udccc<\/span><span>Cite this article<\/span>\r\n  <\/button>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal-backdrop' data-hnsj-backdrop><\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal' data-hnsj-modal data-meta='{&quot;authors_en&quot;:&quot;Nibal Barbara&quot;,&quot;authors_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629&quot;,&quot;title_en&quot;:&quot;The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students&quot;,&quot;title_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646&quot;,&quot;journal_en&quot;:&quot;Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal&quot;,&quot;journal_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&quot;,&quot;year&quot;:&quot;2025&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;6&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;9&quot;,&quot;doi&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-9-24\\\/&quot;,&quot;published_at&quot;:&quot;2025-09-01&quot;}' data-cit-en='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;14339. (2025). The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;14339. 2025. \\&quot;The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 9. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;14339. 2025. The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-09-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 6(9). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-9-24\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;14339. The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-09-01; 6(9). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;14339, \\&quot;The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 9, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;14339. \\&quot;The Impact of Digital Simulations in Science on Scientific Imagination among Eighth Grade Students.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 9, 2025-09-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646. (2025). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644. 2025. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-09-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-24]. 6(9). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-9-24\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-09-01\u061b 6(9). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 9\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 9\u060c 2025-09-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj69\\\/24&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\" \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (43) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (23) \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (20) \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to examine the effect of employing a computerized simulation strategy in teaching the unit \u201cElectrical Circuit and Static Electricity\u201d on the development of scientific imagination among eighth grade students. The researcher adopted a quasi-experimental design with a sample of 43 students, divided into an experimental group (23) taught using digital simulations and a control group (20) taught with traditional methods. A scientific imagination scale was used as a pre- and post-test tool. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the pre-test, whereas the post-test results revealed statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group, confirming the effectiveness of digital simulation in enhancing scientific imagination. Classroom observations indicated that students in the experimental group displayed higher levels of enthusiasm, enjoyment, and active participation when using simulations, which was reflected in their collaborative work and creative thinking. These findings demonstrate that digital simulations provide a rich and interactive learning environment that simplifies abstract concepts, encourages imagination, and fosters creative engagement. The study recommends integrating computer simulations into science curricula, training teachers to employ them effectively, and providing the necessary technical and pedagogical support, while also suggesting further research on their impact in developing higher-order thinking skills such as creativity and critical thinking.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Computer Simulation, Scientific Imagination, Science, Electrical Circuit, Static Electricity.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a (2024) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627 (Batista 2024) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a (2022) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 (2022) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 (2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644 (2019) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 (2021Handayani, et al, ) \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 Mazrahi, 2002)\u061b 2010, Korman &amp; Cohen). \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a Beetham, 2010). )<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 (Honey., &amp; Hilton, 2011) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a (2010) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c 2024)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 (\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c 2022)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 &#8221; \u0648&#8221; \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627&#8221; \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong> : \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 :<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong>: \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0651 0.05 =\u03b1) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/strong>: \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 .<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 .<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2024-2025 .<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a: <\/strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14339-_heading=h.wlviq53kt3yi\"><\/a> \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c 2023\u060c 72).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2015\u060c 22) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a (2010\u060c 176) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0623 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 <\/strong>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631(\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (MKO) \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644) \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a(2021<strong>.<\/strong> <strong> Levitt<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062c\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 (2024) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 32 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a (2024) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 100 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0623\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 (2024) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 15 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a (2024) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 58 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 100%\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 96% \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a (2022) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 1034 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 (2021) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (24) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (24) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644 (2019) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627(35) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (&#8220;\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a) \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u200b\u200b \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0645 (2019) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 62 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0634. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0645\u064a (2018) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0628). \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 60 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627 (2024 Batista, J) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 128 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0623) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u061b \u0628) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u061b \u062c) \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u061b \u062f) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 PhET\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 (Kanvaria, &amp; Gunjan,2024) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 60 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 ( 2024 Bonus,at al ) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 257 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 132 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 BioScientist \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 Bio Scientist \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 Bio Scientist \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a ( 2021<strong>,<\/strong> Levitt) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 ( 60) \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 (2022<strong> Dunn, &amp; Ramnarain) <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 34 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646(2021 Taibu,Mataka,&amp; Shekoyan,) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 PhET \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631. \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 (SPSI). \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 88\u066a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 PhET. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646 (Zabelina,&amp; Condon,2020 ) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 (FFIS) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 378 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a 10410 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a (Handayani, Rahayu, &amp; Agustini, 2020) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d &#8221; \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 5 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 189 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627Lamina, 2019) ) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 PhET \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 51 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 Casimiro A. Ynares Sr. Memorial National High School. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a 4.61. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646 7 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (13.72\u066a) \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064811 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 (21.56\u066a) \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 33 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 (64.70\u066a) \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a 9.67. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 PhET \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2024-2025\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 25000 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 (44) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629: \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 : \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 : \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633: \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 45 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d: \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u064a (60) \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a (20).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 38 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c SPSS \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 33 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633: \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c SPSS \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (20 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u064823 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646( Independent Samples T-Test) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 <\/strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0651 0.05 =\u03b1) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629) \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1): \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f n<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<em> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.21<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.07<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (3.12) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629(3.21) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 (3.07) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (3.39) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2) : \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a) \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a Independent Samples Test<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/p>\n<p>Total_1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong><em>t<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Df<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Sig. (2-tailed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Equal variances assumed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>-.641-<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>41<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.525<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a (t(41) = -0.641,<em> p<\/em> = 0.525 ) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a) \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (<strong>t(41) = 2.952, p= 0.005<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u06510.05 =\u03b1) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0651\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 (2024) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u0651\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a (2024) \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 (2024) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a (2024) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a (2022) \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644 (2019) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a (2022) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627 (2024 Batista,) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 (2024 Kanvaria, &amp; Gunjan, ) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 PhET\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a (2021<strong>,<\/strong> Levitt) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 (2022 Dunn, &amp; Ramnarain) \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627(Lumina, 2019) \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627 (2024 Batista ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a (Handayani &amp; Agustini, 2020) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14339-_heading=h.7583yludrunx\"><\/a> \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (2024) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a (2024) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0640\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 (2023) . \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0644<\/em>\u060c 5 (4)\u060c 69 -81<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629.(2024). \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a. <a href=\"https:\/\/psyencharge.com\">https:\/\/psyencharge.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 (2010). \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 . \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0633\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a (2024). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/em>\u060c 7(29)\u060c 13881-13911.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (2018). \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. 38<\/em>\u060c39. <a href=\"https:\/\/jilrc.com\/archives\/7940\">https:\/\/jilrc.com\/archives\/7940<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0629 (2022). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/em> 2(2)\u060c 471-490 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2010). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/em>\u060c 13(5)\u060c 195 -167.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2009). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646. <em>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/em> \u060c19(1).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 (2024). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637 &#8211; \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a<\/em>. 7(1)\u060c 147-166.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0649 (2024). \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637 . <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/em>. 40(6)\u060c 77-161.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0634\u0627 (2019). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/em>\u0645\u0635\u0631. 43 (2)\u060c 14 \u2013 82.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 (2019). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/em>. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. (211 )\u060c 83-113<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631 (2018). \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/em>29(114)\u060c 372 349.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2015). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. 1-113.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 (2024). \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a &#8211; \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. 38<\/em>\u060c 618-646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627 (2024). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c <em>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/em>\u060c 5(20). <a href=\"https:\/\/scpm.site\/archives\/5488\">https:\/\/scpm.site\/archives\/5488<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.almaany.com\/ar\/dict\/ar-ar\">https:\/\/www.almaany.com\/ar\/dict\/ar-ar<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645 (2014). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<em> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em>\u060c17(2)\u060c 129- 164 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mktm.journals.ekb.eg\/article_112876.html\">https:\/\/mktm.journals.ekb.eg\/article_112876.html<\/a><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2007). \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645 (2024)\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 .\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 . <a href=\"about:blank\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631(2017). \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f.(2024) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em>. 58(1)\u060c 432-369<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a. (2024) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637 . <em> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a<\/em>\u060c 7 (1)\u060c 147\u2013166.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dapt.journals.ekb.eg\/article_345433.html\">https:\/\/dapt.journals.ekb.eg\/article_345433.html<\/a><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.almaany.com\/ar\/dict\/ar-ar\/\">https:\/\/www.almaany.com\/ar\/dict\/ar-ar\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2001). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f (2021). \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/em> 5(12)\u060c 41-63.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Almasri, F. (2022). Simulations to teach science subjects: Connections among students\u2019 engagement, self-confidence, satisfaction, and learning styles. <em>Education and Information Technologies, 27<\/em>, 7161\u20137181. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-022-10940-w\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-022-10940-w<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Batista, J., et al. (2024). Science education is based on interactive computer simulations. <em>IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 29<\/em>(9), 11\u201316.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Beetham, H. (2010). Review and scoping study for a cross-JISC learning and digital literacies programmed. London: McGill.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/media\/documents\/programmes\/elearning\/DigitalLiteraciesReview.pdf\">http:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/media\/documents\/programmes\/elearning\/DigitalLiteraciesReview.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-B\u00f3nus, L., et al. (2024). Digital game-based inquiry learning to improve eighth graders\u2019 inquiry skills in biology. <em>Journal of Science Education and Technology, 33<\/em>, 462\u2013478. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10956-024-10096-x\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10956-024-10096-x<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Chen, C., &amp; Howard, B. (2010). Effect of live simulation on middle school students&#8217; attitudes and learning toward science. <em>Educational Technology &amp; Society, 13<\/em>(1), 133\u2013139. <a href=\"https:\/\/eric.ed.gov\/?id=EJ880083\">https:\/\/eric.ed.gov\/?id=EJ880083<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Daved, S. (2011). Science fiction. Originally published in English in 2011; Oxford University Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">-Da Silva, J., et al. (2024). Science education is based on interactive computer simulations. <em>IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 29<\/em>(9), 11\u201316. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iosrjournals.org\/iosr-jhss\/papers\/Vol.29-Issue9\/Ser-14\/C2909141116.pdf\">https:\/\/www.iosrjournals.org\/iosr-jhss\/papers\/Vol.29-Issue9\/Ser-14\/C2909141116.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Dunn, J., &amp; Ramnarain, U. (2020). The effect of simulation-supported inquiry on South African natural sciences learners\u2019 understanding of atomic and molecular structures. <em>Education Sciences, 10<\/em>, 280. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci10100280\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci10100280<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Handayani, S., et al. (2021). Students\u2019 creative thinking skills in biology learning: Fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. <em>Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1747<\/em>(1), 012040. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/1747\/1\/012040\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/1747\/1\/012040<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Honey, M., &amp; Hilton, M. (2011). Learning science through computer games and simulations. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. <a href=\"https:\/\/ics.uci.edu\/~wscacchi\/GameLab\/Recommended%20Readings\/Learning-Science-Games-2011.pdf\">https:\/\/ics.uci.edu\/~wscacchi\/GameLab\/Recommended%20Readings\/Learning-Science-Games-2011.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Kanvaria, V., &amp; Gunjan. (2024). Impact of computer simulation in the biology classroom. <em>The Online Journal of Distance Education and e-Learning, 12<\/em>(2), 75\u201383.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Katuku, K. J., et al. (2023). Computer-assisted learning and its effect on secondary school students\u2019 achievement in chemistry: Case of Makueni County, Kenya. <em>Reviewed Journals, 4<\/em>(1), 71\u201395. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reviewedjournals.com\">https:\/\/www.reviewedjournals.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Kensicki, A., et al. (2022). Exploring the impacts of educational simulations on the development of 21st-century skills and sense of self-efficacy. <em>Journal of Political Science Education, 18<\/em>(4), 635\u2013651. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15512169.2022.2080071\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15512169.2022.2080071<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Korman, R., &amp; Cohen, R. (2010). A teacher&#8217;s tool for planning teaching, learning and assessment (HLH), the cell, its structure and function teacher&#8217;s guidebook (120\u2013150). Weizmann Institute of Science and Ministry of Education.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Lamina, O. (2019). Investigating the effects of PhET interactive simulation-based activities on students&#8217; learning involvement and performance on two-dimensional motion topic in physics grade 9.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Levitt, M. (2021). Computer simulations in the service of biology. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frym.2020.603629\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frym.2020.603629<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Mazrahi, A. (2002). A study on the cellular aspects of reproduction and heredity, identifying difficulties in understanding these concepts, and developing and evaluating educational materials (master&#8217;s thesis). Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Shiyan, J. (2023). Investigating adolescents\u2019 participation trajectories in a -collaborative multimodal composing learning environment.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Taibu, R., et al. (2021). Using PhET simulations to improve scientific skills and attitudes of community college students. <em>International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science, and Technology (IJEMST), 9<\/em>(3), 353\u2013370. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46328\/ijemst.1214\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46328\/ijemst.1214<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">-Zabelina, D., &amp; Condon, D. (2020). The four-factor imagination scale (FFIS): A measure for assessing frequency, complexity, emotional valence, and directedness of imagination.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14339","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14339","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14339"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14339\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14345,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14339\/revisions\/14345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}