{"id":14110,"date":"2025-07-31T19:19:54","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T19:19:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=14110"},"modified":"2025-08-02T17:36:28","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T17:36:28","slug":"6-8-30","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/6-8-30\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0645. \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: raqibhassoon@mu.edu.iq<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Assist. Lt. Raqib Hassoun Aboudi Saudi<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> College of Education for Humanities, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> raqibhassoon@mu.edu.iq<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj68\/30' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj68\/30<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/68\/30' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/68\/30<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (8). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 466 - 486<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-07-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-07-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-08-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue8\/6-8-30.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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Lt. Raqib Hassoun Aboudi Saudi&quot;,&quot;authors_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645. \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a&quot;,&quot;title_en&quot;:&quot;Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq&quot;,&quot;title_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642&quot;,&quot;journal_en&quot;:&quot;Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal&quot;,&quot;journal_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&quot;,&quot;year&quot;:&quot;2025&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;6&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;8&quot;,&quot;doi&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-8-30\\\/&quot;,&quot;published_at&quot;:&quot;2025-08-01&quot;}' data-cit-en='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;Saudi R. H. A. (2025). Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(8). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Saudi Raqib Hassoun Aboudi. 2025. \\&quot;Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 8. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Saudi R. H. A. 2025. Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-08-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 6(8). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-8-30\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Saudi R. H. A. Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-08-01; 6(8). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Saudi R. H. A, \\&quot;Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 8, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Saudi Raqib Hassoun Aboudi. \\&quot;Government Construction and Restoration in Samawah during the Late Ottoman Era in Iraq.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 8, 2025-08-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631. \u062d. \u0639. (2025). \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(8). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a. 2025. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(8). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631. \u062d. \u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-08-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-24]. 6(8). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-8-30\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631. \u062d. \u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-08-01\u061b 6(8). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631. \u062d. \u0639. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 8\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 8\u060c 2025-08-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj68\\\/30&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This research examines the government construction and restoration works in the city of Samawah during the final period of the Ottoman era\u060c focusing on the impacts of Ottoman policies on Iraqi regions. Samawah was part of the Baghdad province and experienced a deterioration in public conditions\u060c with genuine reforms in the economic\u060c social\u060c and cultural sectors being overlooked in favor of consolidating Ottoman rule. The research relies on Ottoman documents as a primary reference to highlight some of the restoration and reconstruction attempts made in Samawah\u060c such as the construction of the wooden bridge\u060c the restoration of prisons and military warehouses\u060c as well as the renewal of public facilities. Local materials like mud\u060c wood\u060c and reed were used in construction\u060c reflecting the economic challenges and the lack of serious government planning. Despite this\u060c these efforts were mainly aimed at meeting the needs of Ottoman authority and reinforcing its presence\u060c rather than improving the living conditions of the local population.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Government restoration\u060c Ottoman era\u060c Samawah\u060c traditional construction\u060c Ottoman documents.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1534\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 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1892<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>10600 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>7467 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 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style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1894<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1894<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>10129\u060c5 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 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\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a 17 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 317 \u064813 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 315 (1899\u0645)<\/em><\/strong><em><sup> (20)<\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> *\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642<sup>(21)<\/sup> \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a 7 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 311 \u06481 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 309 (1893\u0645)<\/em><\/strong><em><sup> (22)<\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893<sup>(23)<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>65 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0642\/ \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0642=300000 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>13000 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong> \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f 8 \/ \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 400 \u0642\u0631\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3200 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f 10 \/ \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 185 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>1850 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 80 \/ \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 25 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>2000 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 100\/ \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 5 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>500 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 100\/ \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 5 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>500 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>7<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>375 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>250 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>250 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>10<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>24175 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>11<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0630\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>11050 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>12<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>13125 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893<sup>(24)<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>65 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629\/ 1600 \u0643\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>400 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>185 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0633\u0637\u0631) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>25 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>7<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>375 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>250 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>250 \u0642\u0631\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1895\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647:<sup>(25) <\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"848\" height=\"615\" class=\"wp-image-14198\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-2.png 848w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-2-300x218.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-2-768x557.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px\" \/><\/em><\/strong> \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647:<sup>(26)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>*\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"835\" height=\"416\" class=\"wp-image-14199\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-3.png 835w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-3-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-3-768x383.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-3-18x9.png 18w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/word-image-14110-3-820x410.png 820w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 835px) 100vw, 835px\" \/><\/strong> \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1896 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0634\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629<sup>(27)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>27<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>15<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>25<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>50<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>18 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 328 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 | \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 2 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 329. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0641\u064a 26 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 329(1913\u0645)<sup>(28)<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>*\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<sup>(29)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f (1839-1861\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1839\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1856\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1869 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627 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(5) \u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635209.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(6) \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1869-1917) \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1869 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">(9) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA). A.}MKT.MVL.140.94.1.(1862) . <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(10) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635149.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(11) \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649: \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 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\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c 2000\u060c \u0635141.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(12) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA)\u060c ; SD. 319. 3.1.(1888). <\/strong>(13) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA)\u060c I.DH.1176.(1888)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(14) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0638\u0645: \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635143.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(15) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA)\u060c I.SD.91\/5425.(1888).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(16) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c I.ML.5.54.1.(1893).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(17) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.360.8.1.(1894).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(18) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c I.ML.14.32.1.(1895).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(19) \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635214.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(20) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c BEO.1348.101036.1.(1899)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(21) \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a 25\/8\/1891 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 26\/6\/1896 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f6-7\u060c 1981\u060c \u0635 \u063582-83.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(22) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c DH.MKT.239.1.3.(1893).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(23)<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c DH.MKT.239.1.1 (1893). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(24) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c DH.MKT.239.1.2 (1893). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(25) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.2170.18.3 (1895)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(26) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.2170.18.4.(1895<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(27) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.2170.18.5.(1895<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(28) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c EEM.1016.27.11.(1913<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(29) \u0644\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 1869-1918\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c 2003\u060c \u063533.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(30) \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 1869-1918\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2002\u060c \u063543.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(31) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a 1638-1917\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 1959\u060c \u0635151.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(32) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF.IBT.379\/69.(1912).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(33) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF.IBT.326.74.(1911).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(34) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF. ALY. 21\/52.(1911).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(35) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF. IBT. 362\/45.(1912).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(36) \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627: \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1872\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1890\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1911\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1908\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1914\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062d)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 1914-1918\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u2019\u060c 2021\u060c \u0635 \u063517-18.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(37) <strong>OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c ML. EEM. 890.31.1.(1912). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(38) \u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635216.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(*) <a href=\"https:\/\/web\">https:\/\/web<\/a> facebook.com.sw.mr.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627- \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">1-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA). A.}MKT.MVL.140.94.1.(1862).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">2-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA)\u060c ; SD. 319. 3.1.(1888).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">3-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA)\u060c I.DH.1176.(1888).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">4-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c (BOA)\u060c I.SD.91\/5425.(1888). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">5-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c I.ML.5.54.1.(1893).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">6-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.360.8.1.(1894).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">7-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c I.ML.14.32.1.(1895).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">8-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c BEO.1348.101036.1.(1899).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">9-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c DH.MKT.239.1.3.(1893).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">10-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c DH.MKT.239.1.1 (1893).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">11-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c DH.MKT.239.1.2 (1893).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">12-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.2170.18.3 (1895)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">13-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.2170.18.4.(1895<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">14-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c SD.2170.18.5.(1895<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">15-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c EEM.1016.27.11.(1913<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">16-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF.IBT.379\/69.(1912). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>17- OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF.IBT.326.74.(1911). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">18-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF. ALY. 21\/52.(1911).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">19-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c MF. IBT. 362\/45.(1912).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">20-<strong> OSMANLI ARSIVI\u060c ML. EEM. 890.31.1.(1912).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b 1258-1918\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2014.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a 1869-1917\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1991.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- ___________\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 1869-1918\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2002.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c 2000.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2007.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a 1638-1917\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 1959.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0630\u064a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c 2021.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646) \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2010.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c 2023.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 1958-1979\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (4) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621(1)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 2023.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f6-7\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637-\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 1981.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 1914-1918\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 2021.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0644\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 1869-1918\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c 2003.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">(*) <a href=\"https:\/\/web\">https:\/\/web<\/a> facebook.com.sw.mr.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1534\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14110","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14110"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14201,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14110\/revisions\/14201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}