{"id":13238,"date":"2025-05-01T06:48:21","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T06:48:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=13238"},"modified":"2025-05-01T06:48:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T06:48:24","slug":"6-5-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/6-5-3\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0623.\u062f. \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: drruqaia@yahoo.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Zainab Taha Al-Alwani<sup>1<\/sup>, Prof. Ruqayya Taha Al-Alwani<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Howard University, United States of America.<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> University of Bahrain, Bahrain.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> drruqaia@yahoo.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj65\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj65\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/65\/3' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/65\/3<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (5). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 27 - 43<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-04-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-04-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-05-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue5\/6-5-3.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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T, Al-Alwani R. T. (2025). Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(5). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj65\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Al-Alwani Zainab Taha, Al-Alwani Ruqayya Taha. 2025. \\&quot;Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 5. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj65\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Al-Alwani Z. T, Al-Alwani R. T. 2025. Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-05-01. [Cited 2026-05-13]. 6(5). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/6-5-3\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj65\\\/3&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Al-Alwani Z. T, Al-Alwani R. T. Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-05-01; 6(5). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj65\\\/3&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Al-Alwani Z. T, Al-Alwani R. T, \\&quot;Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 5, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj65\\\/3&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Al-Alwani Zainab Taha, Al-Alwani Ruqayya Taha. \\&quot;Self-purification in the Holy Qur\u2019an: An analytical study of the specificity of the prophetic role in establishing and applying it.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 5, 2025-05-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj65\\\/3&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0632. \u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631. \u0637. 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This research addresses the concept of tazkiyah (self-purification) in the Holy Quran, highlighting Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) distinctive role in establishing and implementing it. The importance of this role is emphasized through its mention among the Prophet's primary missions in verses of Al-Baqarah (129, 151), \u0100l 'Imr\u0101n (164), and Al-Jumu'ah (2). The study employs an integrated scientific methodology combining inductive, analytical, comparative, and critical approaches. It provides a precise linguistic and Quranic foundation for the concept of tazkiyah, and reveals the uniqueness of the Prophet's approach through distinctive characteristics: comprehensiveness and integration, balance between spiritual and physical needs, universality and adaptability to various environments, and practical application through prophetic example. The research examines the Prophet's diverse means of tazkiyah: correcting beliefs, prescribed worship, and enjoining good. The study concludes that prophetic tazkiyah continues in the Muslim community through an integrated system of methodological mechanisms manifested in three main areas: the comprehensive system for reciting and contemplating the Quran, comprehending and activating the Prophetic Sunnah, and following his guidance in purification and education methodologies. This confirms the continuity of the prophetic tazkiyah influence in building the Muslim personality and demonstrates that the prophetic approach possesses characteristics making it suitable for application in all times and places. The research presents recommendations, most importantly: conducting applied studies on activating the prophetic tazkiyah methodology in contemporary societies and developing integrated educational curricula for various age groups.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Tazkiyah, Holy Quran, Prophetic Sunnah, Islamic Education, Prophetic Methodology.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f 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justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0643\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b 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[\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629: 6]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f 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\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211;<strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0631 (\u0631 \u0628 \u0628) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 (\u0631 \u0628 \u0648) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2009\u060c \u0635189). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638 &#8220;\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c 1994\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635292).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: \ufd3f\u0631\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648 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\u064a\u0644\u062c\u0646 (2013) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0635&#8221; (\u0627\u0628\u0646 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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c 1985\u060c \u0635126).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628<\/strong>: \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0626\u0647\u0627&#8221; (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c 1972\u060c \u063531).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0633\u060c 2011\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2018) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (2020) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u060c 2017\u061b \u0645\u062f\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c 2014) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 &#8220;\u064a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0647\u0645&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: 129\u060c 151\u061b \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646: 164\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: 2)\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c 1987\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635345).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c 1991\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635219).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647: &#8220;\u064a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c 2000\u060c \u063563).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 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(\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: 129): \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: 151\u060c \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646: 164\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: 2): \u062a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;\u0641\u064a \u0622\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 1997\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635812).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: 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justify;\">\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646: \ufd3f\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0652 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0641\u064f\u0633\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0622\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0632\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0651\u064a\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645. \u0628. \u0625. (1987). <em>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0645. \u0633. (2008). \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c 14(54)\u060c 108-135.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645. \u0645. \u0628. \u0625. (2007). <em>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0623. (1979). <em>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639. (2000). <em>\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/em>. \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645. (2023). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 10(3)\u060c 213-240.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0639. \u0645. (2017\u060c 27 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644). \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.albayan.co.uk\/MGZarticle2.aspx?id=5748\">https:\/\/www.albayan.co.uk\/MGZarticle2.aspx?id=5748<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c. (1987). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645. (2000). <em>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0637. \u0635. (2011).\u00a0\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0631. \u0637. (2005). \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0637. \u062c. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629.\u00a0\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/citj.org\/index.php\/citj\/article\/view\/2651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/citj.org\/index.php\/citj\/article\/view\/2651<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0637. \u062c. (2000). \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646.\u00a0\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/maarifa-center.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/maarifa-center.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0623. (1979). <em>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645. (1964). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645. (1996). <em>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/em> (\u062c2). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645. \u0639. (2018).\u00a0\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062d. \u0645. \u0641. (2020). \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629: \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 11(1)\u060c 165-186. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52981\/fic.v1i11.52\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52981\/fic.v1i11.52<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0639. \u0623. (1997).\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639. \u0645. (2019). \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c 24(95)\u060c 7-36.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b (INHAD). (2018). \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b (IMAM 2018) (\u0635. 124-145). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631. eISBN 978-967-44741-6-4<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629. (2017\u060c 10 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648). \u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025\u060c \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alukah.net\/sharia\/0\/118059\/%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9\">https:\/\/www.alukah.net\/sharia\/0\/118059\/%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alwani,Z. (2019). Transformational teaching: Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a teacher and Murabb\u012b. <em>Journal of Education and Islamic Studies<\/em>, <em>2<\/em>(1).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">IslamOnline. (2024). Sacred Places and the Power of Invocation. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/islamonline.net\/en\/sacred-places-and-the-power-of-invocation\/\">https:\/\/islamonline.net\/en\/sacred-places-and-the-power-of-invocation\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Manullang, R., &amp; Trihudiyatmanto, T. (2021). The Role of the Quran in the Development of Islamic Civilisation. <em>Mushaf Journal<\/em>, <em>7<\/em>(2), 45\u201360.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Picken, G. N. (2005). The Concept of Tazkiyat al-Nafs in Islam in the Light of the Works of al-Harith al-Muhasibi (Doctoral dissertation). University of Leeds. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/etheses.whiterose.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/329\/1\/uk_bl_ethos_416835.pdf\">https:\/\/etheses.whiterose.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/329\/1\/uk_bl_ethos_416835.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Siregar, K. (2023). Concept of Islamic Education Psychology in Ihya&#8217; &#8216;Ulum al-Din by Al-Ghazali. <em>Jurnal Studi Islam<\/em>, <em>9<\/em>(2), 663\u2013680. DOI: 10.30868\/ei.v9i02.1569.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sulaiman, K. U. (2014). The Role of Qur&#8217;an in the Transformation of Human Society. <em>Revelation and Science<\/em>, Vol. 04, No. 01, International Islamic University Malaysia.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Traversing Tradition. (2024). Barriers to Understanding the Qur\u02be\u0101n: Insights from Imam Al-Ghazali&#8217;s Ihya\u02be Ulum al-Din. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/traversingtradition.com\">https:\/\/traversingtradition.com<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13238","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13238","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13238"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13238\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13250,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13238\/revisions\/13250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}