{"id":12613,"date":"2025-02-01T07:52:25","date_gmt":"2025-02-01T07:52:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=12613"},"modified":"2025-02-01T08:21:25","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T08:21:25","slug":"6-2-16","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/6-2-16\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647  - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Alaa Hammoudi<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Arabic Language Lecturer at Qatar Foundation, PhD Researcher at Yalova University, Institute of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Islamic Sciences, Department of Basic Islamic Sciences, Arabic Language<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj62\/16' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj62\/16<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/62\/16' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/62\/16<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (2). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 182 - 205<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-01-04 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-01-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-02-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue2\/6-2-16.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2025). The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(2). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Alaa Hammoudi. 2025. \\&quot;The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 2. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Hammoudi A. 2025. The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-02-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 6(2). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-2-16\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Hammoudi A. The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-02-01; 6(2). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Hammoudi A, \\&quot;The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Alaa Hammoudi. \\&quot;The role of linguistic origin in understanding and interpreting the Holy Quran.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, 2025-02-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623. (2025). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647  - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(2). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0621. 2025. \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647  - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(2). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj62\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647  - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. 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\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The Quran was revealed in a clear Arabic tongue, signifying that the Arabic language, with its roots, rules, and dimensions, is a crucial foundation for understanding its meanings and purposes. Undoubtedly, the semantic origin of a word, with its historical, cultural, and semantic evolutions, serves as a fundamental key to comprehending Quranic texts. Arabic, with its richness, encompasses a multitude of structures and lexemes abundant in meaning. Anyone seeking to interpret the words of the Quran must inevitably trace the origins of the words and understand their historical and linguistic contexts before embarking on any explanation.\r\nThis research aims to address an issue concerning the role of the semantic origin in interpreting the Quran and the impact of neglecting this aspect on the accuracy of interpretation and understanding of Sharia texts. It also seeks to provide a scientific perspective that emphasizes the importance of studying semantic origins and their critical role in Quranic interpretation. This is not merely a tool for understanding words but a strong link between words and the divine purposes embedded in the text.\r\nIn this study, I will highlight the importance of examining the meanings of words through their linguistic roots to achieve an accurate understanding and interpretation of the Quran. Additionally, I will discuss some modern deviations and projections that have attempted to stray from traditional interpretations, presenting unprecedented ideas that distort and misrepresent the original meanings due to the neglect of semantic origins. It is important to note that adhering to scientific and linguistic methodologies in understanding Quranic texts does not imply a rigidity of thought in uncovering the marvels of the Quran.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> interpretation, language, understanding, origin, semantics.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 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id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-45\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-45\">[45]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u061f<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 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id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-48\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-48\">[48]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u200c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062d\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629.&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-49\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-49\">[49]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: (\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e) [\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0646: 5] \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: &#8220;\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0647 \u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: {\u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645}.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: {\u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645} \u064a\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0644: \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u200c\u0628\u0647 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u200c\u0639\u0646 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-50\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-50\">[50]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638\u060c \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064c \u062d\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u062d\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062d\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e) [\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644: 6] \u0623\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d<sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-51\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-51\">[51]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (\u0633\u064f\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627) [\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631:15]\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631<sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-52\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-52\">[52]<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0633\u064f\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0648\u0623\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (\u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u0652 \u0632\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u063a\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u062c\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064c \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652) [\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644: 48]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064c \u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0645<sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-53\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-53\">[53]<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0641\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0651\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0650) [\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629: 19] \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629<sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-54\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-54\">[54]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (\u0641\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0647\u064e\u0627\u0648\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064c) [\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629: 9]\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u060c<sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-55\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-55\">[55]<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0628\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u060c 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id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-56\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-56\">[56]<\/a><\/sup> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647: \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 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justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u00ab\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u00bb.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a 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id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-59\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-59\">[59]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062d \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 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\u0645 \u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a 119 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628 22 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0622\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a 77 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064842 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0645:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\">\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0623\u0652\u0633\u0650<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0645\u064c \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0622\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"6\">\n<p>\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (\u0623\u0645) \u0647\u064a \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064f \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d \u064a\u064f\u0636\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u0650\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0647<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064e\u0635\u0644\u064c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064c\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u064e\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0647\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0652\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064f\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0635\u0652\u062f\u064f\u060c<strong> \u0648<\/strong>\u0647\u064a \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064f \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d \u064a\u064f\u0636\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u0650\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0647 <sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-61\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-61\">[61]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0637\u0641&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-62\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-62\">[62]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0645:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0621: \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0635\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: (<strong>\u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0632\u0652\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652)<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\/ 6]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629\u064f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 <sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-63\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-63\">[63]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0623\u0652\u0633\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0650\u0644\u0652\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064f\u0645\u062c\u064f\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645 \u0631\u064e\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u064e\u0647\u0650\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u063a \u0648\u064e\u0647\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644: \u0623\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u062c\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u062a\u0647<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-64\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-64\">[64]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (<strong>\u0644\u0650\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0630\u0650\u0631\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062d\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0647\u0627)<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649:7] \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-65\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-65\">[65]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627. <sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-66\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-66\">[66]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064f \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647: \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <strong>(\u0647\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e \u200c\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650) <\/strong>[\u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646: 7] \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650 \u0644\u0650\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0622\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062a\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0644\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0622\u064a\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u0650.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <strong>(\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627)\u060c<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641:4] \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-67\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-67\">[67]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f: \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064f\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0650\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645: \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647<strong>\u060c(\u0641\u064e\u0622\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650) <\/strong>[\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641: 158] \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064f\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0648\u0647\u060c 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(\u0641\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064c)<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629\/ 9] \u0623\u064a: \u0645\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0647.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-70\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-70\">[70]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u200c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0623\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-71\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-71\">[71]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0629: &#8220;\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b&#8221;<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-72\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-72\">[72]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627: \u0623\u0645\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (<strong>\u0648\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062f\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0631\u064d \u064a\u064e\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f \u0628\u0650\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0645\u064c \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652) <\/strong>[\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\/ 38]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064c \u064a\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u0650 [\u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\/ 104] \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: (<strong>\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650) <\/strong>[\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644\/ 120] \u0623\u064a: \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645: \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-73\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-73\">[73]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (<strong>\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d)<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\/ 22] \u0623\u064a: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064d \u0646\u064f\u0633\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0636\u0650\u064a\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0644 \u062c\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629 <sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-74\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-74\">[74]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649<strong>: (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b)<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629\/ 213] \u0623\u064a: \u0635\u0646\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 <sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-75\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-75\">[75]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: (<strong>\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d)<\/strong> [\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\/ 45] \u0623\u064a: \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0647\u064f: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0633\u064e \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064f\u0647 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<sup> <sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-76\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-76\">[76]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064f: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643: (<strong>\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064e)<\/strong> [\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\/ 2] \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f: \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064f\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-77\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-77\">[77]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f: \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f \u0635\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0641\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0639\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0622\u0646\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u060c.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-78\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-78\">[78]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0629) <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0638 (\u0623\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c<\/strong> <strong>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0638 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645<strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647:<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-79\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-79\">[79]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u062c\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)<strong>\u060c [\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: 124] \u0623\u064a: \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u00bb<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0646\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064d \u0628\u0650\u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652)<strong>\u060c [\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621: 71] \u0623\u064a: \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0644: \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0635\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064d) <strong>[\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0623: 29]\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0622\u062b\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652)<strong>\u060c [\u064a\u0633: 12] \u0623\u064a: \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064d). <strong>[\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631: 79]<\/strong> <strong> \u0623\u064a: \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0645 &#8211; \u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0643\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647:<sup><sup><a id=\"post-12613-footnote-ref-80\" href=\"#post-12613-footnote-80\">[80]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0630\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064e) <strong>[\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: 128]<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b). <strong>[\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: 213]<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0627)\u060c (\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0652\u0631\u0650\u062c\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650) <strong>[\u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646: 110]<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0626\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u062e\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064d) <strong>[\u0647\u0648\u062f: 8]. \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a: \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d)<strong> [\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641: 45]<\/strong>.<strong> \u0623\u064a: \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>(\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650)<strong>\u060c [\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644: 120] \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064d \u0628\u0650\u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0635\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0625\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0630\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0652\u0631\u0650\u062c\u064e\u062a\u0652 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\u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1428 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 2007 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1420 \u0647\u0640).<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0645\u0635\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 1976\u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u062f. \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644).<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1416 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1995 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1415 \u0647\u0640).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 1422 \u0647\u0640).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1408 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1988).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u062f. \u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1401 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1981 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1415 \u0647\u0640).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1421 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 2000 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c (\u0645\u0635\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 1976 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a- \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1403\u0647\u0640 -1983\u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0629 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 1423 \u0647\u0640<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1944).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c 1420 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1999 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c (\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 26\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 (\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2010 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 2023).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u060c 2024 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2016).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1417 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1997 \u0645) .<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 1407 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1987 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1419 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1998 \u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1421\u0647\u0640- 2000\u0645)<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0661\/\u0661 (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660)\u060c \u0661\u0662\u0660- \u0661\u0664\u0667.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 1995 \u0645).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ahmad ibn Faris ibn Zakariya al-Qazwini al-Razi, <strong>Maqayis al-Lugha<\/strong>, ed. Abdul Salam Muhammad Harun, (Dar al-Fikr, 1399 AH &#8211; 1979).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ibrahim ibn Isma&#8217;il al-Abyari, <strong>Al-Mawsu&#8217;ah al-Qur&#8217;aniyah<\/strong>, (Mu&#8217;assasat Sijil al-Arab, 1405 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, M\u00fcb\u00e2rek b. Muhammed el-Cezer\u00ee. en-Nih\u00e2ye f\u00ee gar\u00eebi\u2019l-had\u00ees ve\u2019l-eser. thk. T\u00e2hir Ahmed ez-Z\u00e2v\u00ee vd. Beyrut: el-Mektebet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130lmiyye, 1399.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ismail ibn Abbad, <strong>Al-Muhit fi al-Lugha<\/strong>, ed. Muhammad Hasan Al-Yasin, (Beirut: Alam al-Kutub, 1414 AH &#8211; 1994).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Iyas Muhammad Harb Al-Khattab, <strong>Al-Qawl al-Mu&#8217;tabar fi Bayan al-I&#8217;jaz lil-Huruf al-Muqatta&#8217;ah fi Fawatih al-Suwar<\/strong>, (Khartoum: Brintik Printing and Binding Press, 2011).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hasan ibn Abdullah ibn Sahl ibn Sa&#8217;id ibn Yahya ibn Mehran al-Askari, <strong>Al-Wujuh wal-Naza&#8217;ir<\/strong>, ed. Muhammad Uthman, (Cairo: Maktabat al-Thaqafa al-Diniyyah, 1428 AH &#8211; 2007).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Raghib al-Asfahani, <strong>Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, ed. Safwan Adnan al-Daoudi, (Damascus, Beirut: Dar al-Qalam, 1412 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Husayn ibn Mas&#8217;ud ibn Muhammad ibn al-Farra&#8217; al-Baghawi al-Shafi&#8217;i, <strong>Tafsir al-Baghawi Ma&#8217;alim al-Tanzil fi Tafsir al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, ed. Abdul Razaq al-Mahdi, (Beirut: Dar Ihya&#8217; al-Turath al-Arabi, 1420 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Muhammed b. \u0130sm\u00e2il. Sah\u00eehu\u2019l-Buh\u00e2r\u00ee. thk. Muhammed Z\u00fcheyr N\u00e2s\u0131r. Cidde: D\u00e2ru Turuki\u2019n-Nec\u00e2t, 2001.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Badr al-Din Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Bahadir al-Zarkashi, Al-Burhan fi Ulum al-Quran, ed. Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, (Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-Arabiyya Isa al-Babi al-Halabi wa Shurakaa, 1st edition, 1376 AH &#8211; 1957 CE).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hamad ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Khattab al-Busti, known as Al-Khattabi, <strong>Bayan I&#8217;jaz al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, ed. Muhammad Khalaf Allah, Dr. Muhammad Zaghloul Salam, (Egypt: Dar al-Ma&#8217;arif, 1976).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad ibn Amr ibn Tamim al-Farahidi al-Basri, <strong>Mu&#8217;jam al-&#8216;Ayn<\/strong>, ed. Dr. Mahdi al-Makhzumi, Dr. Ibrahim al-Samarrai, (Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shihab al-Din Ahmad ibn Idris al-Qarafi, <strong>Nafa&#8217;is al-Usul fi Sharh al-Mahsul<\/strong>, ed. Adel Ahmed Abdul Mawjood, Ali Muhammad Mu&#8217;awwadh, (Maktabat Nizar Mustafa al-Baz, 1416 AH &#8211; 1995).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shihab al-Din Mahmoud ibn Abdullah al-Husayni al-Alusi, <strong>Ruh al-Ma&#8217;ani fi Tafsir al-Qur&#8217;an al-&#8216;Azim wa al-Sab&#8217; al-Mathani<\/strong>, ed. Ali Abdul Bari Atiyyah, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1415 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr, Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti, <strong>Mu&#8217;tarak al-Aqran fi I&#8217;jaz al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1408 AH &#8211; 1988).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abd al-Rahman ibn Khaldun, <strong>Al-&#8216;Ibar wa Diwan al-Mubtada&#8217; wa al-Khabar<\/strong>, reviewed by Dr. Suhail Zakkar, (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1401 AH &#8211; 1981).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abd al-Haqq ibn Ghalib ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Tamam ibn Atiyyah al-Andalusi al-Muharibi, <strong>Al-Muharrar al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitab al-Aziz<\/strong>, ed. Abdul Salam Abdul Shafi Muhammad, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1422 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Wahidi al-Nisaburi al-Shafi&#8217;i, <strong>Al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitab al-Aziz<\/strong>, ed. Safwan Adnan Dawudi, (Dar al-Qalam, 1415 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali ibn Ismail ibn Sitta al-Mursi, <strong>Al-Muhkam wa al-Muhit al-A&#8217;zam<\/strong>, ed. Abdul Hamid Hindawi, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1421 AH &#8211; 2000).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali ibn Isa ibn Ali ibn Abdullah, Abu al-Hasan al-Rummani al-Mu&#8217;tazili, <strong>Al-Nukat fi I&#8217;jaz al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, ed. Muhammad Khalaf Allah, Dr. Muhammad Zaghloul Salam, (Egypt: Dar al-Ma&#8217;arif, 1976).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Zain al-Sharif al-Jurjani, <strong>Kitab al-Ta&#8217;rifat<\/strong>, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1403 AH &#8211; 1983).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali Mansour Kilani, <strong>Kayfa Sanara A&#8217;malana Yawm al-Qiyamah<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali Mansour Kilani, <strong>Al-Nabi al-Ummi<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Amr ibn Bahr ibn Mahbub, known as Al-Jahiz, <strong>Al-Bayan wa al-Tabyin<\/strong>, (Beirut: Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1423 AH).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr ibn Abd al-Qadir al-Hanafi al-Razi, <strong>Mukhtar al-Sihah<\/strong>, ed. Yusuf al-Sheikh Muhammad, (Beirut &#8211; Sidon: Al-Maktaba al-Asriyya, 1420 AH &#8211; 1999).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Mustafa, known as Abu Zahra, <strong>Zahra al-Tafasir<\/strong>, (Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, <strong>Tafsir al-Tabari Jami&#8217; al-Bayan &#8216;an Ta&#8217;wil Ay al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, (Makkah: Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Hassan Jabal, <strong>Al-Dalalah al-Mahawriyyah fi Maqayis al-Lughah: Dirasa Tahliliyyah Naqdiyyah<\/strong>, Majallat Kulliyyat al-Adab, Jami&#8217;at al-Mansurah, Issue 26, 2000.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Hassan Jabal, <strong>Ilm al-Ishtiqaq Nazariyyan wa Tatbiqiyyan<\/strong>, (Cairo: Dar al-Adab, 2023).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Hassan Jabal, <strong>Al-Mu&#8217;jam al-Ishtiqaqi al-Mu&#8217;assal li-Alfaz al-Qur&#8217;an al-Karim<\/strong>, (Cairo: Maktabat al-Adab, 2010).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Dhunun Younis, <strong>Al-Nazariyyah al-Wad&#8217;iyyah fi al-Dirasat al-Lughawiyyah al-Qadimah wa al-Mu&#8217;asirah<\/strong>, (Dar al-Rawafid, 2024).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Shahrour, <strong>Al-Kitab wa al-Qur&#8217;an<\/strong>, (Al-Ahali, Syria, Damascus).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Shahrour, <strong>Dalil al-Qira&#8217;ah al-Mu&#8217;asirah li-Tanzil al-Hakim<\/strong>, (Dar al-Saqi, 2016).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad Ali al-Sabouni, <strong>Safwat al-Tafasir<\/strong>, (Cairo: Dar al-Sabouni, 1417 AH &#8211; 1997).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muhammad al-Mubarak, <strong>Dirasat Tahliliyyah Muqaranah lil-Kalimah al-Arabiyyah<\/strong>, (Matba&#8217;at Jami&#8217;at Dimashq, 1944).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mahmoud ibn Amr ibn Ahmad, Jar Allah Al-Zamakhshari, <strong>Asas al-Balagha<\/strong>, ed. Muhammad Basil Uyoun al-Suud, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1419 AH &#8211; 1998).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mahmoud ibn Umar ibn Ahmad al-Zamakhshari, <strong>Al-Kashaf &#8216;an Haqa&#8217;iq Ghawamid al-Tanzil<\/strong>, (Cairo: Dar al-Rayan li-al-Turath, 1407 AH &#8211; 1987).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Manna ibn Khalil al-Qattan, Mabahith fi Ulum al-Quran, (Maktabat al-Ma&#8217;arif lil-Nashr wa al-Tawzi&#8217;, 3rd edition, 1421 AH &#8211; 2000 CE).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Najmeddin Alissa, &#8220;Gar\u00eebu\u2019l-had\u00ees \u0130lminin Hadis \u0130lminin Anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki Yeri: Nesnel, Tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 ve Uygulamal\u0131 Bir \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma&#8221;, Yalova \u0130slam Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi 1\/1 (Aral\u0131k 2020): 120-147.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid, <strong>Al-Nass, al-Sulta, al-Haqiqa<\/strong>, (Markaz al-Thaqafi al-Arabi, 1995).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-1\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644) (8\/ 8) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1419 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1998\u0645) (1\/ 295) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c 1420\u0647\u0640 \/ 1999\u0645 ) (\u0635106) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u064e\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 1423 \u0647\u0640) (1\/81). <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-5\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a- \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1403\u0647\u0640 -1983\u0645) (\u0635104) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-6\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8211; 1412 \u0647\u0640 ) (\u0635317) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 1399\u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1979\u0645) (1\/ 109) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u063528) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-9\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-10\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c (\u0645\u0643\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632-\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1416\u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1995\u0645) (1\/ 156) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-11\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u062f\u064f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643. <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-12\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (1\/ 3) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-13\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 26\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u060c \u0635(191) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-14\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 1944) (54\u0635) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-15\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a id=\"post-12613-_Hlk182347153\"><\/a> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 2023)\u060c (\u0635279) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-16\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (\u0635177)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (\u063554) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-17\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635(65) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-18\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0635(180) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-19\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a id=\"post-12613-_Hlk182424351\"><\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c (\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b) (1\/ 161) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-21\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-22\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/wrraqoon.com\/index.php?route=product\/manufacturer\/info&amp;manufacturer_id=51\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f<\/a>\u060c 2024\u0645) (192) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-23\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 178 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-24\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 1995\u0645\u060c) (211) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-25\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 211 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-26\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 208 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-27\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 200 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-28\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 203 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-29\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 203 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-30\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 212 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-30\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-31\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 <a id=\"post-12613-_Hlk182389738\"><\/a>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2016)(\u063597) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-31\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-32\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 (\u063528) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-32\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-33\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 (\u063526) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-33\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-34\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 (\u0635104) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-34\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-35\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-35\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-36\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (11\/ 148): <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-36\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-37\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1421 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 2000 \u0645) (7\/ 512) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-37\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-38\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 (\u0635103) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-38\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-39\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 (\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2010 \u0645). (3\/ 1620) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-39\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-40\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1421\u0647\u0640- 2000\u0645) (\u0635340) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-40\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-41\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1376 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1957 \u0645) (1\/ 292) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-41\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-42\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 (4\/ 2011) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-42\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-43\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 (4\/ 2015) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-43\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-44\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4<\/a> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u064a &#8211; \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064c\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u061f \/ \u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-44\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-45\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a id=\"post-12613-_Hlk182390376\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642) (141) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-45\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-46\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA<\/a>\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0629 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \/ \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a. <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-46\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-47\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 (2\/ 841): <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-47\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-48\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bYsA2kiupiA<\/a>\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0629 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \/ \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a. <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-48\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-49\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u062f. \u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1401 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1981 \u0645\u060c (1\/ 753) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-49\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-50\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0645\u0635\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 1976\u0645) (\u063532) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-50\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-51\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1415 \u0647\u0640) (7\/ 343) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-51\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-52\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u0635416) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-52\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-53\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1407 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1987 \u0645) (2\/ 227) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-53\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-54\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u0635622) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-54\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-55\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u063585) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-55\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-56\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064f\u0639\u0641\u064a. \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0645\u062d. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629\u060c 1422\/2001. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4428). <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-56\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-57\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062d: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 1399\/ 1979)\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u060c 1\/18\u061b<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0661\/\u0661 (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660)\u060c \u0661\u0662\u0660- \u0661\u0664\u0667. <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-57\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-58\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (1\/ 102) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-58\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-59\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (1\/ 311) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-59\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-60\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a id=\"post-12613-_Hlk182422534\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 ((1\/ 68 <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-60\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-61\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (1\/ 21) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-61\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-62\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 (4\/ 2011) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-62\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-63\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 (8\/ 433) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c 1420 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621:5) (2\/ 8) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-63\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-64\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 ((6\/ 251\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1414 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1994 \u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062111) (10\/ 458) \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1415 \u0647\u0640) (2\/ 78) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-64\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-65\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 (1\/ 121) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-65\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-66\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 (1\/ 121) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-66\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-67\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a (2\/ 78) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 1422 \u0647\u0640) (1\/ 401) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1415 \u0647\u0640 )(\u0635199) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c 1420 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621:5) (2\/ 8) \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c 1976\u0645) (\u063587) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1408 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1988) (1\/ 187) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-67\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-68\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0635\u0644 (4\/ 2015) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-68\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-69\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u060c (\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2011) (\u0635103) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-69\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-70\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: 1405 \u0647\u0640 ) (8\/ 28) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-70\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-71\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (1\/ 187) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-71\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-72\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a (1\/ 389) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-72\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-73\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 (8\/ 25) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-73\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-74\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u063585)\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: 10) (2\/ 661) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-74\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-75\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u063586) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-75\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-76\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (6\/ 251)\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1417 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 1997 \u0645) (2\/ 5) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-76\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-77\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631 (2\/ 661) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-77\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-78\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (1\/ 21)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u063585) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-78\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-79\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1428 \u0647\u0640 &#8211; 2007 \u0645) (\u063528) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-79\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-80\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 (\u063528) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-80\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-81\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-0pgO13bLE4&amp;list=PL1pdFd4pJVz8RWRa_szO6gD_dbE8LtWwg&amp;index=4<\/a> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u064a &#8211; \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064c\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u061f \/ \u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-81\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-12613-footnote-82\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642) (141) <a href=\"#post-12613-footnote-ref-82\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u064b. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12613","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12613"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12700,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12613\/revisions\/12700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}