{"id":10675,"date":"2024-08-01T14:21:04","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T14:21:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=10675"},"modified":"2024-08-01T14:21:13","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T14:21:13","slug":"5-8-18","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/en\/5-8-18\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n

\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u064a\u06441<\/sup>\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a2<\/sup><\/strong><\/h3>\n

1<\/sup> \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: (ae851017@gmail.com<\/a>)<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: (b.alkuhaithi@gmail.com<\/a>)<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(8); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj58\/18<\/p>\n

Download<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/08\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 22\/07\/2024\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 (LID) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sustainable Urban Development Strategies in Derna City: Urban Planning as a Tool to Mitigate the Impact of Floods<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ameera Ramadhan Habeel1<\/sup>, Bilal Rafia ABD ALATI2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Master\u2019s student in Architecture, Libyan Academy, Derna.<\/p>\n

(E-mail: ae851017@gmail.com<\/a>)<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, College of Arts and Architecture, University of Derna.<\/p>\n

(E-mail: b.alkuhaithi@gmail.com)<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(8); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj58\/18<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/08\/2024 Accepted at 22\/07\/2024 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

This study addresses the significant impact of floods on the city of Derna in Libya, highlighting the urgent need to apply principles of sustainable urban development to enhance the city’s ability to deal with these natural disasters. The study includes an analysis of the factors affecting the effectiveness of urban development in mitigating the effects of floods and studying the integration of these factors with the city’s infrastructure and its inhabitants to achieve maximum resistance and recovery after disasters.<\/p>\n

The study also evaluates hypotheses related to the role of sustainable urban planning, community awareness, and investment in infrastructure in enhancing Derna’s resilience and ability to face natural disasters. The study addresses the main research questions related to how sustainable urban development affects the response to natural disasters.<\/p>\n

The study also covers the lessons learned from previous studies in multiple managerial, planning, and urban aspects, emphasizing the need to apply Low Impact Development (LID) techniques in addition to traditional stormwater management systems in urban areas to mitigate floods resulting from climate change.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>Derna, Floods, Sustainable Urban Development, Urban Planning, Sustainability, Climate Change, Natural Disasters.<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2. \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1): \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1)\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f (\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0633 1984) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000, \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

<\/a> \u0634\u0643\u0644 (2): \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

1- \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n

1- \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

2- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u061f<\/p>\n

4- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/p>\n

5- \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u061f<\/p>\n

6- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u061f \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

7- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/p>\n

\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

5. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>1.5. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c 2017).<\/p>\n

2.5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 21 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1996\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 Urban21 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014.<\/p>\n

3.5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c 2020). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0640 US Climate and Health Alliance). <\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>6. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

1.6. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1. \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

2.6. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4. \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

5. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n

6. \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

7. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

8. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626.<\/p>\n

9. \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

10. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

11. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

12. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

13. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

14. \u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n

<\/a>7. \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n

1.7. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1.7. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

2.1.7. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a: <\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

3. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

4. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

5. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

6. \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

3.1.7. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: <\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 (MARICAT, O. 2002).<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2.7. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.2.7. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a: <\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n

2.2.7. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a: <\/strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

8. \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

3.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a: <\/strong>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 GIS. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

6.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

9. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f (\u0634\u0643\u0644 3)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 32.5313\u2218 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 22.7807\u2218 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a> \u0634\u0643\u06441(3): \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629)<\/p>\n

10. \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 1) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 (\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 2). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 (1): <\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\/ \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u063324\u060c 19 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 (3): \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 – \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c 14 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023).<\/p>\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 4)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 (4): \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (GIS) \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

11. \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 5).<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

2. \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n

3. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/a> <\/a>(\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646, 2002).<\/p>\n

\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 B\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 A:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 6) \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 (6): \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 B: <\/strong>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 7) \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 “\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a”\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 (7): \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 B \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627: \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0631. \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627: \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0628\u062e. \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627: \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0634. \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627: \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628 484 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 8). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

<\/strong> \u0634\u0643\u0644 (8): \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631<\/p>\n

3. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

4. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

6. \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 , 2002).<\/p>\n

<\/strong> \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 9). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5) \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

12. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a> \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Butler, Mark (2015)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Jochen Schanze \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2006)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2022)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Sahar Hadipour \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2020)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 (LID) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Ksenia Chmutina \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2014) \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0633\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Watson \u0648Adams (2012) \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Krishna, et al. (2021) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a (2017)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0628 (2022)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 David Butler et al (2015)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Huong \u0648Pathirana (2011)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0648. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2100 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u200f(Dinamica EGO)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3 – \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b. \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

5- \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

6- \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

7- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

8- \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 (LEED-ND\u060c BREEAM Communities\u060c Case -City\u060c Pearl Community\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a LEED-ND \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0622\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n

5- \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

6- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

7- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

14. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

15. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

3- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b.<\/p>\n

4- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

5- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 (LID) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p>\n

6- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u062f\u0648\u0643\u0633 – \u0644\u064a\u0628 -\u0627 426. (1984). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a – \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0647). \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u2013 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0628 \u0646 46.<\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a (\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a 2000-2025) \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627. \u0645.\u060c & \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a. (2017). \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621, 13(2) , 1-12. DOI: 10.32358\/red. 2018.v4.276.<\/p>\n

4- \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0625. (2013). \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u063a\u0641\u064a\u0631, \u0646. \u0641., & \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a, \u0625. \u0639. (2024). \u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629, 33.<\/p>\n

6- \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0647. (2014). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u064a\u0643\u0641\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n

7- \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643. \u0623. \u0641. \u0639. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. Contingency planning of adaptive urbanism Furp 2020. \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.8- \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0628. \u0647.\u060c & \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0639. \u0645. (2017). \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628. Journal of Al Azhar University Engineering Sector, 12(44).<\/p>\n

9- \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645. \u0645.\u060c & \u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639. (2022). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629, 4(2)\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 2.<\/p>\n

10- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639. \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. (2002). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

11- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

12- \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645. \u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a. (\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633.<\/p>\n

1- BANCO MUNDIAL. Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Perdas e Danos : Banco Mundial. (2022). Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Perdas e Danos : Inunda\u00e7\u00f5es e Deslizamentos na Regi\u00e3o Serrana do Rio de Janeiro. Recuperado em 10 de mar\u00e7o de 2022, de.<\/p>\n

2- Mishra, R. K., Kumari, C. L., Krishna, P. S. J., & Dubey, A. (2021). Sustainable development and management strategies for safe and sustainable cities. In Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences (AGES). Springer.<\/p>\n

3- Maricato, E. (2002). Dimens\u00f5es da trag\u00e9dia urbana. Cidades: Revista Com Ci\u00eancia. Recuperado em 20 de janeiro de 2022, de.<\/p>\n

4- Mishra, S. P., Sethi, K. C., & Siddique, M. (2020). Emerging threats during Anthropocene as urban Flooding of Bhubaneswar city, India. Water And Energy International, 63(1), 46\u201358.<\/p>\n

5- Hammond, M. J., Chen, A. S., Djordjevi\u0107, S., Butler, D., & Mark, O. (2013). Urban flood impact assessment: A state-of-the-art review. Centre for Water Systems, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.<\/p>\n

6- Huong, H. T. L., & Pathirana, A. (2013). Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in Can Tho city, Vietnam. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 379\u2013394.<\/p>\n

7- Reani, R. T., et al. (2020). Interfaces Legais Entre Planejamento Urbano ERedu\u00e7\u00e3o De Riscos E Desastres. Caminhos de Geografia, 21(76), 116\u2013133. DOI : 10.14393\/rcg217651879.<\/p>\n

8- Saleme, R., & Bonavides, R. (2018). A Pol\u00edtica Nacional De Prote\u00e7\u00e3o E Defesa Civil \u2013 Pnpdec Nas Cidades Brasileiras. Rev. De Direito Urban\u00edstico, Cidade e Alteridade, 85\u2013100.<\/p>\n

9- Hadi, S., et al. (2020, July). Low Impact Development Techniques to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate. Journal-pre-proof.<\/p>\n

10- Chmutina, K., et al. (2014, June). Role of urban design and planning in disaster risk reduction. Urban Design and Planning.<\/p>\n

\n

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