{"id":9471,"date":"2024-03-02T11:30:59","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T11:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=9471"},"modified":"2024-03-02T11:31:03","modified_gmt":"2024-03-02T11:31:03","slug":"5-3-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/5-3-19\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 (1911-1938)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u062f1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mokhmosd@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj53\/19<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 20\/02\/2024\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Algerian solidarity with the Libyan resistance against the Italian invasion of Libya (1911-1938)<\/strong><\/p>\n

MOHAMMED KHAIFA MOHAMMED SAAD1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Libyan Authority for Scientific Research, Libya. Email: mokhmosd@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2024, 5(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj53\/19<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/03\/2024 Accepted at 20\/02\/2024 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

Many Arab and Islamic peoples have contributed to and supported the Libyan resistance movement against Italian colonialism. Given the atrocities committed by the Italians against the Libyan people.<\/p>\n

The material and moral support that the Libyans received from their Arab and Muslim brothers is the best evidence of the values of humanity that were learned from the Islamic religion, which called for supporting the oppressed, and there is many evidence in the Qur\u2019an and the Sunnah of the Prophet that prove this.<\/p>\n

The forms of support provided to the Libyan people were varied. There were those who supported them with money, there were those who supported them with supplies and food, and there were those who joined the camps of the Mujahideen spread throughout the Libyan land, in addition to the positions in support of the resistance of the Libyan people through the demonstrations and conferences that were held in many Arab and Islamic countries. Through it, the support of the Libyan people in defending their land was called for.<\/p>\n

The position of the Algerian people, the brotherly neighbour, who had experienced both French colonialism, was positive in supporting the resistance to Italian colonialism in Libya. Therefore, they showed material and moral solidarity with their Libyan brothers, and many Algerian figures emerged and had a tangible impact in the jihad against the Italian continuation in Libya. These figures include, but are not limited to, Mustafa Aouni Al-Tafrawi and Sheikh Abdelhamid Ben Badis.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (1911-1938)\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b .<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u00a0 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a .<\/p>\n

\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a .<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0636\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1911\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0.<\/p>\n

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2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00a0\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0645 <\/strong>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0643\u00a0\u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0621 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0626\u0636\u00a0\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n

3.\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627 <\/strong>\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u00a0\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648(\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u00a0\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648(\u0628\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0634\u0629)\u060c \u0648(\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629(29)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

2. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1913\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00a0.<\/p>\n

3. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0.<\/p>\n

4. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 <\/strong>\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u00a0.<\/p>\n

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2. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 (\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627) 1929 – 1931\u0645:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1922 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u00a0\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a <\/strong>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629(38)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1930 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0637\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629(42)<\/sup> .<\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0627 <\/strong>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 16 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1931\u00a0\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646(47)<\/sup> .<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 :<\/p>\n

() \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f7-8 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1987 \u060c \u0635 48<\/p>\n

(2) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c “\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627”\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 1977 \u0635 62<\/p>\n

(3) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 49 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 1911-1912 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 3\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c 1985 \u060c \u0635 191\u060c \u0635 198 . \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 1930\u060c \u0637 1 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c 1969\u060c \u0635138<\/p>\n

(4) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1847 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 1990 \u060c \u0635 123-138 .<\/p>\n

(5) \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062c 2 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c 1988 \u060c \u0635 246-265.<\/p>\n

(6) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0649: \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0639 6 \u060c 27\/08\/1959\u0645\u060c \u0635 27 – 28 .<\/p>\n

(7) \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f\u060c \u06397\u060c 8\u060c 1986\u0645\u060c \u0635 49.<\/p>\n

(8) \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0639 7 \u060c8\u060c 1986\u0645\u060c \u0635 49.<\/p>\n

(9) \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 50-51.<\/p>\n

(10) \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 2007 \u060c \u0635290.<\/p>\n

(11) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645 1 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1930\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0635123.<\/p>\n

(12) \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629: \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 1954 – 1962\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2009\u0645\u060c \u0635 30<\/p>\n

(13) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 202\/19- 1932\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0635 274.<\/p>\n

(14) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0635 248 .<\/p>\n

(15) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 249.<\/p>\n

(16) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986 -1987\u0645\u060c \u0635 173.<\/p>\n

(17) \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n

(18) \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0635 173.<\/p>\n

(19) \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f 5 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1398 \u060c \u0635 16<\/p>\n

(20) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 16.<\/p>\n

(21) \u0645\u062d\u0640\u0645\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 181.<\/p>\n

(22) \u0645\u062d\u0640\u0645\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 183-184.<\/p>\n

(23) \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n

(24) \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 .<\/p>\n

(25) \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 16-17<\/p>\n

(26) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

(27) \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 .<\/p>\n

(28) \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

(29) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646”\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 30 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 1982\u060c \u0635 61.<\/p>\n

(30) \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c 2000\u0645\u060c \u0635 56-242.<\/p>\n

(31) \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2)\u060c 1988\u0645.<\/p>\n

(32) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 30 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1931\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 29 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635 48 .<\/p>\n

(33) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 “\u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 146 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 30 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1938 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0632\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 1944 \u0635 28 .<\/p>\n

(34) \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063538.<\/p>\n

(35) \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 12 : 38 1982 \u0635 29-48 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 1933-1939 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 5: 85\u060c 1985 \u060c \u0635 183- 202 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 1900-1962 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c 1983 \u0635 36-59 .<\/p>\n

(36) \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 35-36 .<\/p>\n

(37) \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0648\u064a (\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628)\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u06372\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1993 \u060c \u0635 89 – 129 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 1956 \u0635 67-76.<\/p>\n

(38) \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 2000 \u060c\u0635 35<\/p>\n

(39) \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0637 2\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 1993 \u062b\u060c \u0635 444.<\/p>\n

(40) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a1922-1932 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f 3 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 1982 \u060c \u0635 85-86.<\/p>\n

(41) \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0648 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u060c 1980 \u060c \u0635 41 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “”\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629”” \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1929 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 8\u060c9 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1988 \u0635 939.<\/p>\n

(42) \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 1970 \u060c \u0635 58- 64.<\/p>\n

(43) \u0643\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0648\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c 1969 \u060c \u0635 208 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0635 21 .<\/p>\n

(44) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f 596 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 18 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1929\u060c \u06352.<\/p>\n

(45) \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0633\u062a”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 296 \u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c 07 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1930 \u060c \u0635 1 . \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f 437\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 6 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1931\u060c \u0635 1 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u060c \u0632. \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 2495 \u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 06 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1931\u060c \u0635 1.<\/p>\n

(46) \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0635 276 .<\/p>\n

(47) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062c6 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 7\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1931 \u060c \u0635 413\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c 1985 \u060c \u0635 217 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 1931-1939 \u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0637 1 \u060c 1408\u0647\u0640 \/ 1988\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0631\u060c 1966 \u060c \u0635 322 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 335 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 5 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1931\u060c \u0635 2.<\/p>\n

(48) . \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 1931-1970 – (\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c 2003\u060c \u0635 94-98.<\/p>\n

(49) \u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1995\u060c \u0635 323-326 .<\/p>\n

(50( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 (14)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0648.\u0631 (40) \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 60 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 2 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631).<\/p>\n

(51( \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 462 . \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c 8 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1936\u060c \u0635 6.<\/p>\n

(52) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0633\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629: \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1937 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f 188 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0633 13 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1937 \u060c \u0635 2 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 191 \u060c \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0633\u060c 9 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1937\u060c \u0635 32.<\/p>\n

(53) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u062c 1 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c 1957\u060c \u0635 852.<\/p>\n

(54) \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c 315 . \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 142 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1938 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c 1\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 1 \u0635 153 \u060c \u0648 “\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 4 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1938\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. (*) \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0644\u0629: \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. (**) \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0635. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. (*) \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1911 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. (**) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646: \u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. (*) \u0635\u0644\u062d \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1919\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \n

    (*) \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u062f1 1 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mokhmosd@gmail.com HNSJ, 2024, 5(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj53\/19 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 20\/02\/2024\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9471","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9471"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9471\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9498,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9471\/revisions\/9498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}