{"id":9119,"date":"2024-02-01T12:59:23","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T12:59:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=9119"},"modified":"2024-02-01T12:59:32","modified_gmt":"2024-02-01T12:59:32","slug":"5-2-35","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/5-2-35\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.\nHNSJ, 2024, 5(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj52\/35\n\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a>\n\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/01\/2024\u0645<\/pre>\n
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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n
Geomatic engineering and its importance in enhancing the infrastructure of smart cities in municipalities<\/strong><\/p>\n
Oday Ahmed Obaidullah Al-Musayfir1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
1<\/sup> Ministry of Local Administration, Great Karak Municipality, Jordan.<\/p>\n
HNSJ, 2024, 5(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj52\/35<\/p>\n
ublished at 01\/02\/2024 Accepted at 15\/01\/2024 <\/strong><\/p>\n
Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n
The study aimed to explain geomatic engineering and its importance in enhancing the infrastructure of smart cities in municipalities. The study addressed the potential of geospatial technologies in the infrastructure of smart cities through their importance in ground surveying operations, mobile mapping, positioning services, remote sensing, and satellite images. High-precision industrial and cadastral surveying. And using GIS technology and geospatial analytics to improve service delivery in smart cities<\/p>\n
The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach as it is one of the most widely used approaches in studying human social phenomena, as the descriptive approach is a tool and method for analyzing and describing geomatic engineering and its importance in enhancing the infrastructure of smart cities in municipalities.<\/p>\n
The study reached a set of recommendations and results, as it emphasized that municipalities should create a department specializing in geospatial technologies so that they are able to develop a geographic information systems map on issues of environment, energy, and infrastructure. The study recommended that geographic information systems technology and geospatial analyzes improve service delivery. Through websites, call center or mobile application. Data is collected and analyzed using algorithms<\/p>\n
Key Words: <\/strong>geomatics engineering, smart cities, municipality<\/p>\n
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    \n
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  3. \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/li>\n
    2. \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n
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      \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n
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      \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 :<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
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      \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 .\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647.\u00a0\u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0627[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
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      \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.[8]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
      \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a:[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n
      2. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
      3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n
      4. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637: \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626.<\/li>\n
      5. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a.[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
      6. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631.<\/li>\n
      7. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
      8. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626: \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627:[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/li>\n
        2. \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n
        3. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n
        4. \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n
        5. \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n
        6. \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/li>\n
        7. \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a (GPS) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a[13]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n
        8. \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n
        9. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
          \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631[14]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
          \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f (RS)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (GPS)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (GIS).\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
          \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong> : \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:[16]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n
          2. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631)\u061b<\/li>\n
          3. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/li>\n
          4. \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 : \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (GPS): <\/strong>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a (GPS) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0644\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n
            \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (GIS)<\/strong> : \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a (GPS) \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
            \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 13% \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n
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              \n
            1. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
            2. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n
            3. \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n
            4. \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 , \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
            5. \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 ,\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 , \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n
            6. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
              2. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n
              3. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
              4. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n
                \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n
                \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a (2020 .) \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 14 :134-169 \u060c\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a.\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628. (2017) \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646”\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0629 481 \u2013 469,\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2018\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 (18).\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n
                \u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f( 2003). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 GIS \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633”\u060c (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n
                \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f. \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2014\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
                \u0631\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c (2015\u0645). \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629(.(GIS \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2014). \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n
                \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641. (2019)\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p>\n
                \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 , \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 (2013)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n
                \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2000). ” \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 , \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n
                \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f(2018 ) \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a”. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 .176-155 \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n
                \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f (2016). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2020 ) \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 51-34 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n
                \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c(2001). “\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n
                \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c (2013\u0645). \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 : \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
                \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631(2004). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c<\/p>\n
                \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a( 2017).\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n
                \u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a ,\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0645 (2018). \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629,\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639, 29, \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 , \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n
                \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f , \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f (2015). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a .. \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0646 , 20, \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646,<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2005). ” \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0640\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a “\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n
                \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f , \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c (2001 )\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0640\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0640\u0645\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0629: \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0640\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n
                \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a (2001). \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u060c\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/p>\n
                \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645. (2019)\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a,\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n
                \u0645\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c (2014). \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u201c<\/p>\n
                \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f (2008). , \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u060c\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2022\u0645)\u060c \u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c\u201d\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n
                \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n
                Akil, Kazem (2019), “The Jordanian economy and ways to advance it”, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 26 (117), 1-5<\/p>\n
                Albino, V., Berardi, U., and Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart cities: definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. J. Urban Technol. 22, 3\u201321.<\/p>\n
                Allam, Z., and Newman, P. (2018). Redefining the smart city: culture, metabolism and governance. Smart Cities 1, 4\u201325.<\/p>\n
                Gabr, Waiting (2019). “Smart Cities Characteristics and Transformation Requirements”, Al-Adab Journal. 1(3), 175-190<\/p>\n
                Otawa, Toru, (2004)benefits and Obstacles of GIS Implementation: Recent Perceptual Shift and Implications for City and Regional Planning Organizations”, paper, Geospatial Information & Technology Association Annual Conference<\/p>\n
                Rolf A. De & Authors (2009) principles of Geographic Information Systems As Introductory textbook, using DBMS ,P.149.london<\/p>\n
                Rolf A. De & Authors (2009) principles of Geographic Information Systems As Introductory textbook, using DBMS ,P.149.london<\/p>\n
                Zeug, Heidrun, (2006)”Potential analysis of GIS utilization in water supply management by aid agencies”, Cranfield University, united kingdom, London.<\/p>\n
                Zeug, Heidrun, (2006)”Potential analysis of GIS utilization in water supply management by aid agencies”, Cranfield University, united kingdom, London.<\/p>\n
                \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. – \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f. \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2014\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0633: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                2. – \u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2014). \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                3. – \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a( 2017).\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                4. – \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641. (2019)\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                5. – \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 , \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 (2013)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                6. – \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c (2013\u0645). \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 : \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                7. – \u0631\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c (2015\u0645). \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629(.(GIS \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                8. – \u0645\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c (2014). \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u201c \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                9. – \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u060c\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2022\u0645)\u060c \u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c\u201d\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                10. – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2018\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 (18).\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                11. – \u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f( 2003). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 GIS \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633”\u060c (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                12. – \u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a ,\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0645 (2018). \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629,\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639, 29, \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 , \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                13. – Rolf A. De & Authors (2009) principles of Geographic Information Systems As Introductory textbook, using DBMS ,P.149.london \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                14. – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f , \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c (2001 )\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0640\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0640\u0645\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0629: \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0640\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                15. – \u0645\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c (2014). \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 , \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                16. – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a (2001). \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u060c\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                17. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2005). ” \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0640\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a “\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                18. – \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641. (2019)\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                19. – \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 , \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 (2013)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                20. – \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f (2008). , \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                21. – Akil, Kazem (2019), “The Jordanian economy and ways to advance it”, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 26 (117), 1-5 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                22. – Allam, Z., and Newman, P. (2018). Redefining the smart city: culture, metabolism and governance. Smart Cities 1, 4\u201325. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                23. – \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645. (2019)\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a,\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                24. – Albino, V., Berardi, U., and Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart cities: definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. J. Urban Technol. 22, 3\u201321. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                25. – Rolf A. De & Authors (2009) principles of Geographic Information Systems As Introductory textbook, using DBMS ,P.149.london \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                26. – Zeug, Heidrun, (2006)”Potential analysis of GIS utilization in water supply management by aid agencies”, Cranfield University, united kingdom, london. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                27. – \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f , \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f (2015). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a .. \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0646 , 20, \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                28. – \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 , \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 (2013)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                29. – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f(2018 ) \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a”. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 .176-155 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                30. – \u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2014). \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                31. – \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f (2016). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                32. – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2000). ” \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 , \u0642\u0637\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                33. – \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c(2001). “\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                34. – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f(2018 ) \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a”. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 .176-155 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                35. – \u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2014). \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                36. – \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f , \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f (2015). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a .. \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0646 , 20, \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                37. – Zeug, Heidrun, (2006)”Potential analysis of GIS utilization in water supply management by aid agencies”, Cranfield University, united kingdom, london. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                38. -Otawa, Toru, (2004)benefits and Obstacles of GIS Implementation: Recent Perceptual Shift and Implications for City and Regional Planning Organizations”, paper, Geospatial Information & Technology Association Annual Conference \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                39. – \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628. (2017) \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646”\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0629 481 \u2013 469,\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                40. – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2020 ) \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 51-34 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                41. – \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631(2004). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                42. – Gabr, Waiting (2019). “Smart Cities Characteristics and Transformation Requirements”, Al-Adab Journal. 1(3), 175-190 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                43. – \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a (2020 .) \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 14 :134-169 \u060c\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a.\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                44. – \u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2014). \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2014\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                45. \n
                  – \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641. (2019)\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                  \u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0641\u064a\u06311 1 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. HNSJ, 2024, 5(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj52\/35 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2024\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/01\/2024\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9119","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9119"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9120,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9119\/revisions\/9120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}