{"id":8936,"date":"2024-01-06T08:05:35","date_gmt":"2024-01-06T08:05:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=8936"},"modified":"2024-01-06T08:05:39","modified_gmt":"2024-01-06T08:05:39","slug":"5-1-42","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/5-1-42\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n
The effectiveness of a religious counseling program to develop the level of spiritual intelligence among female secondary school students<\/strong><\/p>\n
Iman Ali Abdullah Al-Sharman1<\/sup> Nour Azan Mohammad Nouryan2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
1<\/sup> Researcher, Malaysia: Email (corresponding author: kamlehshorman864@gmail.com<\/p>\n
2 Researcher, Malaysia.<\/p>\n
HNSJ, 2024, 5(1); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj51\/42<\/p>\n
Published at 01\/01\/2024 Accepted at 15\/12\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n
Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n
The current study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of the religious guidance program among female secondary school students. The study sample consisted of (40) female students from secondary schools in the Northern Mazar area\/Jordan. They were deliberately selected and divided into two groups: experimental and control. The spiritual intelligence scale prepared by Al-Shawi (2012) was used, and the researcher also designed a religious guidance program. It consists of (12) sessions, two sessions per week, and the time of each session ranges between (60-75) minutes. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two arithmetic means for measuring dimensional spiritual intelligence in favor of the experimental group that was trained in the religious psychological counseling program. There is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the study sample members on the spiritual intelligence scale with its general significance in the post-measurement, and their average scores in the follow-up measurement one month after the end of the program.<\/p>\n
Key Words: <\/strong>spiritual intelligence, religious program.<\/p>\n
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    \n
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      \n
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      2. \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a: \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0631\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 (\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646, 2005). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n
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      \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a (Corey, 2005) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2010) \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2018) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n
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        \n
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      4. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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        \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646(Francis Galton)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647 (Alfred pinet)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f (\u0637\u0647\u060c 2006).<\/p>\n
        \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 (Buzan, 2001) \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u060c\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n
        \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644, \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629(Wigglesworth, 2006).<\/p>\n
        \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0647 (Rahman& Shah, 2015) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f (Shojaei&Soleimani, 2015).\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 (Samul, 2020).<\/p>\n
        \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a (Wilbur, 2001).<\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 (2019) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (152) \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (76 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064876 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
        \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2021) \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (20) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\/ \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Rigi et al., 2019) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 (273) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n
        \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Puspita et al., 2023) \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627\/ \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n
        \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0650 \u0634\u0628\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a Quasi Experimental))\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n
        \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
        <\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2023\/2024\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0646 012 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 (3) \u0634\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631(40) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0650 (20) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u064f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0650 (20) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n
        \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/p>\n
        \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627- \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u064f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0650 <\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a (2012) \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (68) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (5) \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0651\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n
        \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n
        <\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a>\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n
        <\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (10) \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a>\u061b \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0630\u0641 (12) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (16) \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (46) \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.\u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 (56) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n
        \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (20) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Pearson)\u061b \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a>1).<\/p>\n
        \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        1<\/td>\n0.74<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n29<\/td>\n0.61<\/td>\n0.56<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n0.50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        2<\/td>\n0.47<\/td>\n0.42<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n0.59<\/td>\n0.51<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n0.55<\/td>\n0.36<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n0.58<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        3<\/td>\n0.50<\/td>\n0.43<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n0.48<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n0.63<\/td>\n0.60<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n0.50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        4<\/td>\n0.60<\/td>\n0.44<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n0.78<\/td>\n0.66<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n0.61<\/td>\n0.46<\/td>\n46<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n0.48<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        5<\/td>\n0.68<\/td>\n0.67<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n0.79<\/td>\n0.70<\/td>\n33<\/td>\n0.64<\/td>\n0.45<\/td>\n47<\/td>\n0.75<\/td>\n0.70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        6<\/td>\n0.66<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n0.60<\/td>\n0.51<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n0.73<\/td>\n0.72<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n0.53<\/td>\n0.49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        7<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n0.49<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n0.70<\/td>\n0.64<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n0.47<\/td>\n0.44<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n0.67<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        8<\/td>\n0.67<\/td>\n0.61<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n0.72<\/td>\n0.60<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n0.58<\/td>\n0.50<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n0.76<\/td>\n0.69<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        9<\/td>\n0.76<\/td>\n0.69<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n0.48<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n0.72<\/td>\n0.67<\/td>\n51<\/td>\n0.44<\/td>\n0.39<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        10<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n0.55<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n0.61<\/td>\n0.49<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n0.49<\/td>\n0.41<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n0.66<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        11<\/td>\n0.75<\/td>\n0.68<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n0.71<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n0.56<\/td>\n0.43<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n0.74<\/td>\n0.67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        12<\/td>\n0.77<\/td>\n0.70<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n0.48<\/td>\n0.38<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n0.65<\/td>\n0.46<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n0.78<\/td>\n0.69<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        13<\/td>\n0.71<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n0.65<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n41<\/td>\n0.66<\/td>\n0.50<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n0.46<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        14<\/td>\n0.69<\/td>\n0.59<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n0.66<\/td>\n0.60<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n0.63<\/td>\n0.57<\/td>\n56<\/td>\n0.67<\/td>\n0.56<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646(0.79 – 0.44)\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.72 – 0.36)\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u03b1=0.05)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 (2010)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 (56) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n
        \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u061b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 ((Cronbach\u2019s Alpha, \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 (20) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a (0.89)\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.76 – 0.85)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0643\u0644 (0.85)\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.74 – 0.83). \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
        \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (56) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0628\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2.34), \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (2.34 -3.67), \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 3.67).<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u064d \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 12)) \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 (45-60) \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n
        \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0650 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n
        \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0650<\/p>\n