{"id":6889,"date":"2023-04-25T17:18:07","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T17:18:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=6889"},"modified":"2023-04-25T17:18:07","modified_gmt":"2023-04-25T17:18:07","slug":"4-4-31","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/4-4-31\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4431<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/04\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/03\/2023\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Social solidarity in the framework of the Islamic endowment from a jurisprudential view<\/strong><\/p>\n

Azzam Mahmoud Saleh Al-Shamaila1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Ministry of Awqaf, Islamic Affairs and Holy Sites, Jordan.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4431<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/04\/2023 Accepted at 15\/03\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The study aimed to identify the social solidarity within the framework of the Islamic endowment from a jurisprudential view. The Islamic endowment is charged with protecting people’s rights by helping the poor and needy by spending from the state treasury to cover their needs. At the same time, he fights corruption and is responsible for the welfare of people, Muslims and non-Muslims alike.<\/p>\n

The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach as it is one of the most widely used approaches in the study of human social phenomena. The descriptive approach is a tool and method for analyzing and describing social solidarity within the framework of the Islamic endowment from a jurisprudential view<\/p>\n

The study reached a set of recommendations and results, where the study confirmed that the endowment achieved social solidarity as a result of employing the endowment money in a way that pleases God and increases the benefit to people, as social solidarity in Islam helps to establish a virtuous society based on cooperation, harmony and the preservation of family and community bonding, and recommended Studying the activation of the suspended Islamic endowment in Islamic countries and employing it in the service of the poor and needy.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>Islamic jurisprudence. Islamic endowment, social solidarity<\/p>\n

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    \n
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      \n
    1. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u061f<\/li>\n
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    3. \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u061f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong> : \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> : \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0626\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062d\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong> : \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

      \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a<\/strong> : \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0637\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a :<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a :<\/strong> \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a :<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629: \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629, \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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        \n
      1. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a: \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629.\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0644 (\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0641\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628) \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0630\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 (\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n
      2. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a: \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n
      3. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a: \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641<\/strong>[28]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n
        2. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/li>\n
        3. \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n
        4. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633.<\/li>\n
        5. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.[29]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/strong>[30]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n
          2. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n
          3. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b.<\/li>\n
          4. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n
          5. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0641\u0647\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.[31]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

            \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646. \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641.[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

            \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b : \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0648\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 (\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u0642\u0637. [33]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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            \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 : \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u062b\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 : \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u00b8 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646.[39]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

            \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 : \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627 : \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629[40]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n
            2. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n
            3. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
            4. \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n
            5. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631.<\/li>\n
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                \n
              1. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n
              2. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 , \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 ,<\/li>\n
              3. \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 , \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n
              4. \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629,<\/li>\n
              5. \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0626\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n
                2. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n
                3. \u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0626\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n
                4. \u0627\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u0647 (2) .<\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u064a\u0647 ( 272).<\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u064a\u0647 ( 10).<\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0647 (67).<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c (4\/ 1999)\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645: (2586)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c (8\/ 10) \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645: (6011)\u060c<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c (8\/ 10) \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645: (6011)\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638: \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0643\u0649 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0649.<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1728).<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 (223 (<\/p>\n

                  \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 (3\/ 1255) (1631)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c (28\/ 413).<\/p>\n

                  \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645: 2\/20\u00a0\u060c\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 6571.<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0647\u060c (8\/ 10)\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645: (6016)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u060c (1\/ 68)\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645: (46).<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0645 , \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a 8\/10 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06456011 , \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638: “\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0645…” 4\/1999 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06452586 .<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 751\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a – \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645- , \u06371\u060c 1418 – 1997:<\/p>\n

                  \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c (2001).\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u061b \u062f. \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 (2009).\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0642: -\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c<\/p>\n

                  \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641. (2014 ) \u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f(2001). \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0661) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646. (2019 ). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 – \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a ( \u062a 478 \u0647\u0640 ) \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1412 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1992 \u0645<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a ( \u062a 478 \u0647\u0640 ) \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f . \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0640 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0640 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1417 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1996 \u0645<\/p>\n

                  \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646( 2022). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f4 , \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

                  \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 (2001).\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f:, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 , \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 , \u06371 , \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f(2000).\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0110\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0110\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 64\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627, \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a(2002). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u2013 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629, \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646(2005). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 13, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f2, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f, \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a, \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646(2000). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641, \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (2002).\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u061b \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (363 – 365)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a(1983). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 :, \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0649 , \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629(2001). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0640\u0641 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0640\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646(2001). \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a,\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a(1994). \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c 1994\u0645\u060c \u0635275-284\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f(2008). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 ( \u062a 456 \u0647\u0640 ) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1993 \u0645<\/p>\n

                  \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642(2001). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c .\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n

                  \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629(1992). \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u0639\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 (1980).\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629:, \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u062c\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n

                  \u0639\u0645\u0631, \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645(2004). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647, \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a, \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637, \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646,<\/p>\n

                  \u0639\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a (1989). \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b(\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629) \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629, \u0645\u0635\u0631- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a(2003). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0640\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c<\/p>\n

                  \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0640\u0631(2000) -\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n

                  \u0642\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631(2003). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0640\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0640\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0640\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0640\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621(1997). \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a:, \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0633\u064a (2001). \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u060c \u06371\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0631(1998). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u060c \u06372.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0629. (2007 ). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 157-204<\/p>\n

                  \u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a (2004).\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629:, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 , \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u06371 ,\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Ahmed Al-Saeed Al-Zogurd. (2002). BOT contracts and global state mechanisms. The legal, economic and political effects of globalization on Egypt and the Arab world. Egypt: Mansoura University.<\/p>\n

                  Esmat Al-Mustafa. (2017). Economic feasibility studies for endowment projects. Mecca: the Islamic Conference of Endowments.<\/p>\n

                  Mohamed Ibrahim Abdel Rahim. (2007). Economic feasibility studies and project assets evaluation. Alexandria: University Youth Foundation.<\/p>\n

                  Mohtadin, M. (2007). Cultural, Political and Social Monthly of the Endowment and Charity Organization, February, p. 19.<\/p>\n

                  Rafik Younis Al-Masry. (2009). Research on Zakat. Damascus: Dar Al-Maktabi<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. – \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 ( \u062a 456 \u0647\u0640 ) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1993 \u0645 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  2. – \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646(2001). \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a,\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  3. – \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646( 2022). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f4 , \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  4. – \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646( 2022). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f4 , \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  5. – \u0639\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a (1989). \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b(\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629) \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629, \u0645\u0635\u0631- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  6. – \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c (4\/ 1999)\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645: (2586)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c (8\/ 10) \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645: (6011)\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c (8\/ 10) \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645: (6011)\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638: \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0643\u0649 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0649. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  7. – \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645: \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636\u062f\u0647\u0645 2\/20\u00a0\u060c\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 6571. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  8. – \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 (2009).\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0642: -\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  9. – \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a(1983). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 :, \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 , \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  10. – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629(1992). \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  11. – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642(2001). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c .\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  12. – \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0647\u060c (8\/ 10)\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645: (6016)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u060c (1\/ 68)\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645: (46). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  13. – \u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a (2004).\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629:, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 , \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u06371 ,\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  14. -\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1728). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  15. –\u00a0\u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 (223 ( \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  16. – \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 751\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a – \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645- , \u06371\u060c 1418 – 1997: \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  17. – \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a(2003). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0640\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  18. – \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629(2001). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0640\u0641 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0640\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  19. -\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 (3\/ 1255) (1631)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c (28\/ 413). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  20. – \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0645 8\/10 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06456011 , \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0638: “\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0645…” 4\/1999 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06452586 . \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  21. – \u0642\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631(2003). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0640\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0640\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0640\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0640\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  22. – Mohtadin, M. (2007). Cultural, Political and Social Monthly of the Endowment and Charity Organization, February, p. 19. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  23. – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0633\u064a (2001). \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u060c \u0637\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  24. – \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a(1994). \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c 1994\u0645\u060c \u0635275-284\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  25. – \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0640\u0631(2000) -\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  26. – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0631(1998). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u060c \u06372.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  27. – \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f, \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a, \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646(2000). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641, \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  28. – \u0639\u0645\u0631, \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645(2004). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647, \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a, \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637, \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646, \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  29. – \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646(2005). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646, \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 13, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f2, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  30. – \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627, \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a(2002). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u2013 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629, \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  31. – \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f(2008). \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  32. – Mohamed Ibrahim Abdel Rahim. (2007). Economic feasibility studies and project assets evaluation. Alexandria: University Youth Foundation. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  33. – \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a ( \u062a 478 \u0647\u0640 ) \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1412 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1992 \u0645 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  34. -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a ( \u062a 478 \u0647\u0640 ) \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f . \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0640 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0640 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1417 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1996 \u0645 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  35. – \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621(1997). \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a:, \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  36. – Esmat Al-Mustafa. (2017). Economic feasibility studies for endowment projects. Mecca: the Islamic Conference of Endowments. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  37. – \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 (2001).\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f:, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 , \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 – \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 , \u06371 , \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  38. – \u0639\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 (1980).\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629:, \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u062c\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 , \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  39. – Rafik Younis Al-Masry. (2009). Research on Zakat. Damascus: Dar Al-Maktabi \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  40. – \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (2002).\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u061b \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (363 – 365)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  41. – Ahmed Al-Saeed Al-Zogurd. (2002). BOT contracts and global state mechanisms. The legal, economic and political effects of globalization on Egypt and the Arab world. Egypt: Mansoura University. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  42. – \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c (2001).\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u061b \u062f. \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  43. – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0629. (2007 ). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 157-204 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  44. – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f(2001). \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0661) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  45. – \u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646. (2019 ). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 – \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  46. – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f(2000).\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0110\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0110\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 64\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
                  47. \n

                    – \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641. (2014 ) \u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u0639\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u06471 1 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. HNSJ, 2023, 4(4); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4431 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/04\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/03\/2023\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6889","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6889"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6891,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6889\/revisions\/6891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}