{"id":6595,"date":"2023-03-17T03:38:47","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T03:38:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=6595"},"modified":"2023-03-17T03:38:47","modified_gmt":"2023-03-17T03:38:47","slug":"4-3-66","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/4-3-66\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4366<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/02\/2023\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c <\/strong>\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Public expenditure controls in the municipalities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ali Ali khaled MUGDADI1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Head of Expenditure Department, Barqash Municipality, Ministry of Local Administration, Jordan.<\/p>\n

Email: yousef.mq99@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4366<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/03\/2023 Accepted at 15\/02\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The current study aimed to identify the spending controls in the municipalities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, as well as to identify the objectives, importance and types of spending in the municipalities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and in order to achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive approach was used, as the study concluded the following, that the purpose of public spending is to achieve benefit public, and the types of spending are as follows; Administrative, social, service, and development spending, as well as spending standards and rules in municipalities, as follows: provision of appropriation, contract of alimony, disbursement and payment of alimony. The most important tasks of the Expenditure Department in the municipality are to check the purchase invoices in the municipality and prepare the exchange documents for them after ensuring that the necessary allocations are available and the purchase order is available. As well as checking the bid payments in terms of approving them and paying the resulting stamps, fines, advertisements, etc., and making sure that the existing allocations are available and registered, and working on preparing the monthly summary of the expenditures, matching them with the existing balances. The study recommended working to provide employees in the financial departments in general and the expenditures department in particular with training courses in the areas of controlling expenditures, as well as the need to set specific standards for spending in municipalities, in addition to the need to find a mechanism to activate the role of the Audit Bureau and the financial control oversight; To play a greater role than the role it plays at the present time, by increasing the number of delegates in the financial departments to monitor spending.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>expenditure control, municipalities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 . <\/strong>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u00a0. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 , \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4-\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

5- \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n