{"id":5971,"date":"2023-02-15T12:07:23","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T12:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=5971"},"modified":"2023-02-15T12:40:38","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T12:40:38","slug":"4-3-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/4-3-1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645 . \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0627\u06461<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: aseelalshahwan@yahoo.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj431<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/02\/2023\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The Impact of Urban Sprawl on Agricultural Lands in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aseel Thaher Fahad Al-Shahwan1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Head of the Organization Department, Umm Al Basateen Municipality, Jordan.<\/p>\n

Email: aseelalshahwan@yahoo.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj431<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/03\/2023 Accepted at 15\/02\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The problem of urban sprawl on agricultural lands is a global environmental problem that all countries suffer from. It has become a challenge to most countries of the world, especially developing countries. The agricultural lands are exposed to pressures resulting from urban sprawl, which may lead to many environmental problems that disturb the environmental balance. Studying the subject as it is one of the important problems with negative effects and dimensions at all levels, especially the environment in areas with a dry or semi-arid climate, to develop proposals and solutions to reduce the phenomenon and then preserve the environment to rebalance between urbanization and the surrounding agricultural lands. The study aimed to shed light on the areas that were lost from agricultural lands, the reasons that led to this, and then the environmental dimensions that resulted from that.<\/p>\n

The problem of the study lies in the transformation of agricultural lands into urbanization and the knowledge of the causes of urban sprawl on agricultural lands and the resulting environmental dimensions. Urban and the fourth axis are the environmental dimensions of urban sprawl. One of the most important conclusions of the study is that there is urban sprawl on agricultural lands. Many factors contributed to it, the most important of which is the rapid population growth, the absence of planning, and the move away from agriculture. The recommendations were environmental awareness and vertical urban expansion.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>urban sprawl, agricultural lands, environmental balance, Jordan.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 2017 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 (46.9%)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 3 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0627\u0644\u0649 1.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629(\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c2001).<\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c2014)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n
  4. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n
  5. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629(\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c2022)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064e \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a :<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
    • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n
    • \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/li>\n
    • \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n
    • \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629(\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c2014).<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629(\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c2020)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
      2. \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n
      3. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n
      4. \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n
      5. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

        \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

        \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

        \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 (2001)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n
        • \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f (2011)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637 – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 5\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 1\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n
        • \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644 (2022)\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 50\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n
        • \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627 (2020)\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 25\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n
        • \u063a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646 (2008)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 5\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
        • \u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 (2014)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n
        • Al-Tamimi,SH. The role of urban sprawl on the uses of agricultural land surrounding the city of Baghdad, Journal of Engineering and Development, Volume (18), No. (6), November, 2014, pp. 21-23<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u0645 . \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0627\u06461 1 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: aseelalshahwan@yahoo.com HNSJ, 2023, 4(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj431 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 15\/02\/2023\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5971","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5971","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5971"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5971\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5979,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5971\/revisions\/5979"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}