{"id":5813,"date":"2023-02-01T05:31:34","date_gmt":"2023-02-01T05:31:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=5813"},"modified":"2023-02-01T05:31:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T05:31:42","slug":"4-2-43","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/4-2-43\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0631\u062d \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0632\u064a\u06311<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: marahzier@stu.aydin.edu.tr<\/a><\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4243<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

War Trauma Among Syrian Women and \u0130ts Relationship to Marital Adjustment and Child Rearing<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marah Fahed Z\u0130ER1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> A Master’s Student at The Department of Psychology at Istanbul Aydin University in Turkey<\/p>\n

Email: marahzier@stu.aydin.edu.tr<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4243<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/02\/2023 Accepted at 21\/01\/2023 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

In this research, the trauma of war in Syrian women and its relationship to marital adjustment and raising children was studied. The aim of this research is to examine the traumas of war for Syrian women 12 years after the outbreak of the war in Syria, and to examine the painful events and psychological trauma experienced by Syrian women who migrated to Turkey as a result of the war, and how this affects marital adjustment and raising children. The study sample consisted of 250 Syrian women, all of them married with children, residing in Turkey, between the ages of 20-55 years. The demographic information model and the Harvard Trauma Scale in its first and fourth parts, the scale of traumatic events and the scale of trauma symptoms, were used. The scale of marital adjustment and the scale of raising children were used, which measures four axes (the democratic style – the authoritarian style – the protective style – the excessive tolerance style). The sample was accessed by distributing the online questionnaire using snowball technology in 2022, and the results were calculated using the spss program using Pearson correlation coefficients. As a result of the research, it was found that 66 Syrian women from the target sample suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder and 232 Syrian women suffer from marital maladaptation. The results showed that there is a negative relationship between trauma events and trauma symptoms. In addition, a negative relationship was observed between trauma symptoms and marital adjustment. As for the relationship between trauma symptoms and parenting styles, the results showed a statistically significant negative relationship between trauma symptoms and the democratic style. It showed a positive relationship between traumatic symptoms and authoritarian behavior.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>war trauma, traumatic events, trauma symptoms, marital adjustment, child rearing.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (PTSD) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 (Thabet<\/a>, et al.,2008,p.2 ).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (<\/a>Ero\u011flu, 2020, p.94)..<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 (Bilgin, 2014, p.135).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a(Solomon, at al. ,2013,p.127).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 (Karamano\u011flu,2014, p.250).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641. (\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f ve Se\u00e7er, 2006).<\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

3- \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

4- \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

2. \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 20-55 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

3. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n

5- \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n
  2. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/li>\n
  3. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/li>\n
  4. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
  5. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
  6. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 :<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644(Esk\u0131c\u0131) \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      <\/a> ESKICI Hal\u0131me Sevde , \u201cSava\u015f Ve \u0130ltica: Travmatik Olaylara Maruz Kalm\u0131\u015f Ge\u00e7ici Koruma Stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki Suriyeli Kad\u0131nlara Y\u00f6nelik \u0130nceleme Ve Psikolojik M\u00fcdahale\u201d , Y\u00fcksek L\u0131sans Tez\u0131 ,Sosyal B\u0131l\u0131mler Enst\u0131t\u00fcs\u00fc , Kl\u0131n\u0131k Ps\u0131koloj\u0131 Anab\u0131l\u0131m Dal, Istanbul Seh\u0131r \u00dcn\u0131vers\u0131tes\u0131, Temmuz, 2019 .<\/p>\n

      2-\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644 (KABADAYI) \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a 2019<\/p>\n

      KABADAYI \u00d6znur , “Annenin \u00c7ocuk Yeti\u015ftirme Tutumuna Evlilik Uyumunun Etkisi” ,(Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi) ,Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ,Biruni \u00dcniversitesi ,2019 .<\/p>\n

      3-\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644 (T\u00dcRKMEN) \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06212018<\/p>\n

      T\u00dcRKMEN G\u00f6k\u015fen K., “Evli ve \u00c7ocuk Sahibi Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Evlilik Uyumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7ocuk Yeti\u015ftirme Tutumlar\u0131 \u00dczerindeki Etkisi”, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Klinik Psikoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi, 2018.<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 250 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 20 \u0648 55\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

      \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0661- \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

      2 – \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Shoeb,et al.,2007,p.447).<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0640 43 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0640 “\u0646\u0639\u0645” \u0623\u0648 “\u0644\u0627”.<\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (PTSD): \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 45 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (PTSD)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627 -\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 -\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u2013 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 1 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648 4 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 2.5 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 Klein, Hoffins ve Rodenburg \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 0.84 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u03b1 = .74 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u03b1 = .89 . (2001 )<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 Acart\u00fcrk \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 Cronbach alpha \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0640 0.90. (2016)<\/p>\n

      3. \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a: \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 Locke and Wallace (1959). \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 Tutarel-K\u0131\u015flak (1999) \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (Cronbach Alpha) \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 0.90. \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 15\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a 43 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646. (Karamaano\u011flu,2014, p.250)<\/p>\n

      4. \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621: \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7 \u0648Aral.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 25 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c (12\u060c 16\u060c 19\u060c 20\u060c 22\u060c 25).<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a: \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (2\u060c4\u060c6\u060c8\u060c15\u060c23).<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (1\u060c 10\u060c 13\u060c 17\u060c 21).<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d: \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (3,5 \u060c 7 \u060c 9 \u060c 11 \u060c 14 \u060c 18 \u060c 24)\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.71.25 \u0648 0.74.42 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a) \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SPSS) \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

      \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      1. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 41 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 1 \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0645 2\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a 41 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a 82\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0647\u0648 66.62\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1 ).<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2.5 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 2.5 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a 2.11\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 66 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u200b\u200b2.5 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629(PTSD).<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 43 \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0640\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b= 28.39\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 18 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 250 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 43.<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0649<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      6.180<\/td>\n67.00<\/td>\n66.62<\/td>\n82<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      .545<\/td>\n2.08<\/td>\n2.11<\/td>\n155<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      9.669<\/td>\n27.50<\/td>\n28.39<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      2- \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 1-4 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0649<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      .366<\/td>\n2.46<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      3.745<\/td>\n18.98<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      3.312<\/td>\n12.90<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      2.603<\/td>\n11.90<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      4.186<\/td>\n17.58<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      3- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

      – \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (r = -306 \u0648 p <.05).<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      -.306-**<\/sup><\/td>\n1<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      .000<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSig. (2-tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      1<\/td>\n-.306-**<\/sup><\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      <\/td>\n.000<\/td>\nSig. (2-tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        \n
      • \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (r = .093 \u0648 p> .05).<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .093<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .144<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        1<\/td>\n.093<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        <\/td>\n.144<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        – \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n

        \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td>\n\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .046<\/td>\n.037<\/td>\n.023<\/td>\n.007<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .469<\/td>\n.556<\/td>\n.718<\/td>\n.916<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a:<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (r = -.288 \u0648 p <.05).<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        -.288-**<\/sup><\/td>\n1<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .000<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        1<\/td>\n-.288-**<\/sup><\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        <\/td>\n.000<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        – \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n

        \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (r = -.164 \u0648 p <.05)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (r = .233 \u0648 p> .05).<\/p>\n

        \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (r = 0.058 \u0648 p> .05). \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (r = .122 \u0648 p> .05).<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td>\n\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .122<\/td>\n.058<\/td>\n.233**<\/sup><\/td>\n-.164-**<\/sup><\/td>\n1<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .054<\/td>\n.359<\/td>\n.000<\/td>\n.009<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
          \n
        • \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a (r = .081 \u0648 p> .05).<\/p>\n

          \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a (r = -092 , p> .05). \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a (r = -053 , p> .05). \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a (r = -. 072 \u0648 p> .05).<\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td>\n\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          -.072-<\/td>\n-.053-<\/td>\n-.092-<\/td>\n.081<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nPearson Correlation<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          .260<\/td>\n.406<\/td>\n.149<\/td>\n.200<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSig. (2-Tailed)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

          -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (1.67) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (1.5).<\/p>\n

          \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 Esk\u0131c\u0131 (2019) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629. (Esk\u0131c\u0131 \u060c 2019). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 Vuk\u010devi \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629(Vukcevic ,at al.,2016,p.277)<\/p>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646. (VAHUD,2021).<\/p>\n

          \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (PTSD) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f (Carswell ve di\u011ferleri, 2009,p.322).<\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631.(Gerritsen, et al.,2006,p.18) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641. (Carswell ve di\u011ferleri, 2009,p.322).<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641.(Heeren, al at., 2014 ,p.818)<\/p>\n

          –\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n

          \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n

          \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u061f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n

          -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

          \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (,p.315 ,1998 Bar-On ,et al.).<\/p>\n

          -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a:<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628. \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 (Solomon et al. \u060c 2011). \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Kulka et al.,1990). \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n

          -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

          \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

          \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

          \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629” (Harkness, 1991, p.12).<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. (van , et al., 2012).<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 (Sampre, at al., 2004, p.311 ). \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 (Lauterbach,at al.,2007,p.161)<\/p>\n

          -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n

          \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 Kabaday\u0131 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/p>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 250 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

          1 – \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 66 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648 232 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

          2- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

          3- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n

          4- \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637.<\/p>\n

          5- \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          6- \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

          7- \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          8- \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          9- \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          BAR-ON Dan, ELAND Jeanette, KLEBEr Rolf J., KRELL Robert, MOORE Yael, SAGI Abraham et al., \u201cMultigenerational Perspectives on Coping with The Holocaust Experience: An Attachment Perspective for Understanding The Developmental Sequelae of Trauma Across Generations\u201d, International Journal of Behavioral Development<\/strong>, cilt 22, say\u0131 2, 1998, s.315\u2013 338.<\/p>\n

          BILGIN R\u0131fat, \u201c\u00c7at\u0131\u015fma ve \u015fiddet ortam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00e7ocuklar sorunu”, F\u0131rat \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi<\/strong>, cilt 24, say\u0131 1, 2014, s.135-151.<\/p>\n

          \u00c7A\u011eDA\u015e Ayssel ve \u015eAH\u0130N SE\u00c7ER Zarife , Anne-baba e\u011fitimi<\/strong> , 2. Bask\u0131 , Ankara, K\u00f6k Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 2006.<\/p>\n

          CROWLEY Caitlin, “The Mental Health Needs of Refugee Children: A Review of Literature and Implications for Nurse Practitioners “, Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners,<\/strong> cilt 21, say\u0131 6, June, 2009, s.322-331.<\/p>\n

          ERO\u011eLU Musa, \u201cEtnik Kimlik, Sava\u015f ve G\u00f6\u00e7 Olgular\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7ocuklar ve Ergenler \u00dczerindeki Psikolojik Etkileri\u201d, Uluslararas\u0131 Sosyal Bilgilerde Yeni Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar Dergisi<\/strong>, cilt 24, say\u0131 1, Haziran, 2020, s.94-105.<\/p>\n

          ESKICI Hal\u0131me Sevde , “Sava\u015f Ve \u0130ltica: Travmatik Olaylara Maruz Kalm\u0131\u015f Ge\u00e7ici Koruma Stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki Suriyeli Kad\u0131nlara Y\u00f6nelik \u0130nceleme Ve Psikolojik M\u00fcdahale” , Y\u00fcksek L\u0131sans Tez\u0131 ,Sosyal B\u0131l\u0131mler Enst\u0131t\u00fcs\u00fc , Kl\u0131n\u0131k Ps\u0131koloj\u0131 Anab\u0131l\u0131m Dal, Istanbul Seh\u0131r \u00dcn\u0131vers\u0131tes\u0131, Temmuz, 2019 .<\/p>\n

          GERRITSEN Annette A. M., BRAMSEN Inge, DEVILL\u00c9 Walter ,WILLIGEN Loes H. M., HOVENS Johannes E. &PLOEG Henk M. \u201cPhysical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands\u201d, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology<\/strong>, cilt 41, say\u0131 1, 2006, s.18\u201326.<\/p>\n

          HARKNESS, Laurie L. , \u201cThe effect of combat-related PTSD on children\u201d, Journal of National Center for PTSD Clinical Newsletter<\/strong> ,cilt 2, say\u0131 1, 1991, s.12-13.<\/p>\n

          HEERENA Martina, WITTMANNB Lutz, EHLERTC Ulrike SCHNYDERA Ulrich, MAIERD Thomas, M\u00dcLLERA Julia, \u201cPsychopathology and Resident Status-Comparing Asylum Seekers, Refugees, Illegal Migrants, Labor Migrants and Residents\u201d, Comprehensive Psychiatry<\/strong>, cilt 55, say\u0131 4, 2014, s.818\u2013825.<\/p>\n

          JONG K. , MULHERN M. ,FORD N. , KAM S. , KLEBER R. , ” The Trauma Of War In Sierra Leone”, Journal of The Lancet , <\/strong>cilt 355 , June , 2000, s.<\/a>2067-2068 .<\/p>\n

          KABADAYI \u00d6znur , “Annenin \u00c7ocuk Yeti\u015ftirme Tutumuna Evlilik Uyumunun Etkisi” ,(Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi) ,Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ,Biruni \u00dcniversitesi ,2019 .<\/p>\n

          KABADAYI \u00d6znur , “Annenin \u00c7ocuk Yeti\u015ftirme Tutumuna Evlilik Uyumunun Etkisi” ,(Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi) ,Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ,Biruni \u00dcniversitesi ,2019 .<\/p>\n

          KARAMANO\u011eLU Y. Hatice , \u201cEvlilik Uyumu \u0130le Sosyodemografik \u00d6zellikler Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki\u201d , E\u011fitim ve \u00d6\u011fretim Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi<\/strong> , cilt 3, say\u0131 1, \u015eubat, 2014, s.250-261.<\/p>\n

          Kulka, R. A., Schlenger, W. E., Fairbank, J. A., Hough, R. L., Jordan, B. K., Marmar, C. R., & Weiss, D. S. , Trauma and the Vietnam War generation. New York, NY: Brunner\/ Mazel, 1990.<\/p>\n

          LAUTERBACH D., BAK C., REILAND S., MASON S., LUTE M.R., EARLS L., \u201cQuality of Parental Relationships Among Persons With A Lifetime History of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder\u201d, Journal of Traumatic Stress,<\/strong> cilt 20, say\u0131 2, 2007, s.161\u2013172.<\/p>\n

          SAMPER Rita E., CASEY T. Taft, KING Daniel W., KING Lynda A. , \u201cPosttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and parenting satisfaction among a national sample of male Vietnam veterans\u201d, Journal of Traumatic Stress<\/strong>, cilt 17, say\u0131 4 , 2004, s.311\u2013315.<\/p>\n

          SHOEB Marwa, WEINSTEIN Harvey, MOLLICA Richard, \u201cThe Harvard Trauma Questionnaire: Adapting A Cross-Cultural Instrument for Measuring Torture, Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Iraqi Refugees\u201d,\u00a0International Journal of Social Psychiatry<\/strong>, cilt 53, say\u0131 5, 2007, s.447-463.<\/p>\n

          SOLOMON Zahava , DEBBY-AHARON Shimrit , ZERACH Gadi & HORESH Danny, “Marital Adjustment, Parental Functioning, And Emotional Sharing In War Veterans” , Journal Of Family Issues , <\/strong>cilt 32, say\u0131 1, Ocak , 2013, s.127\u2013147 .<\/p>\n

          THABET A. A., ABU TAWAHINA A., EL SARRAJ Eyad & VOSTANI Panos , “Exposure To War Trauma And PTSD Among Parents And Children In The Gaza Strip”, Journal of<\/strong> Original Contribution<\/strong>,\u00a0say\u0131\u00a0191\u00a0,2007, s.1-10 .<\/p>\n

          <\/a> VAHUD Danya, “T\u00fcrkiye’de Suriyeli S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015fa \u00c7\u0131kma Stillerinin Psikolojik Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k Ve Ya\u015fam Doyumu \u00dczerine Etkilerini \u0130ncelemesi”, (Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi), Psikoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131, \u0130stanbul Sabahattin Zaim \u00dcniversitesi, Temmuz, 2021.<\/p>\n

          VAN IJzendoorn, M.H., BAKERMANS Kranenburg, M.J., SAGISCHWARTZ, A. , \u201cAre Children of Holocaust Survivorsless Well-Adapted? A Meta-Analytic Investigation of Secondary Traumatization\u201d, Journal of Traumatic Stress<\/strong>, cilt 16, say\u0131 5, 2003, s.459\u2013 469.<\/p>\n

          VUK\u010cEV\u0130\u0107 Ma\u0161a , MOM\u0130ROV\u0130\u0106 Jelena And PUR\u0130\u0106 Danka , “Adaptation Of Harvard Trauma Questionnaire For Working With Refugees And Asylum Seekers \u0130n Serbia” , Journal Of Psihologija<\/strong> , Volume 49 , Issue 3, 2016 <\/a>,P.277\u2013299.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u0645\u0631\u062d \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0632\u064a\u06311 1 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: marahzier@stu.aydin.edu.tr HNSJ, 2023, 4(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4243 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 21\/01\/2023\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5813","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5813"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5849,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5813\/revisions\/5849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}