{"id":5344,"date":"2023-01-02T03:16:19","date_gmt":"2023-01-02T03:16:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=5344"},"modified":"2023-01-04T04:56:53","modified_gmt":"2023-01-04T04:56:53","slug":"4-1-15","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/4-1-15\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0645\u062d\u0646\u062f<sup>1<\/sup> \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Said.oumhand@gmail.com.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>2<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644- \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: adill.haddia@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">HNSJ, 2023, 4(1); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4115<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/15\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629-\u062d\u0648\u0636-\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e-1.pdf\">\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/01\/2023\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 10\/12\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u00a0 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u00a0 \u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 3905 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0640 2135 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 38% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a ( \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632&#8230;) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-5344-GrindEQpgref5f741fe61\"><\/a><strong>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The dynamics of the forests in the Moroccan Lower Atlantic Plateau: the case of the Nfifikh Basin.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Said Oumhand<sup>1<\/sup> Adil Haddia<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> PhD in Geography: Laboratory of the Dynamics of Domains and Societies, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences &#8211; Hassan II University. <strong>Said.oumhand@gmail.com.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>2<\/sup> Researcher, Department of Geography, Faculty of Lettres and Human Sciences in Meknes, Laboratory of Studies and Research in Geography. <strong>Geomaroc13@gmail.com.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">HNSJ, 2023, 4(1); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj4115<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Published at 01\/01\/2023 Accepted at 10\/12\/2022 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">This article treats the dynamics of forest resources, under the current natural conditions characterized by climatic changes, and accelerating human activities in the Nfifekh watershed. This study is based on using fieldwork and geographic information systems and remote sensing tools to analyze and processing of satellite images.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Through this treatment, it was found that the forest area inherited from the local ancient environment, which built its balances over hundreds of years, is currently subject to vertical and horizontal deterioration. The last three decades witnessed the deforestation of more than 3,905 hectares, and the deterioration of plant quality in 2,135 hectares, the latter caused the transformation of 38% of the area of the cork forests into garrigue and matorral now, in addition to a significant decline in density, especially in the upstream slope, which includes the largest plant mass.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">This deterioration of vegetation is linked to several factors, some of which are natural (declining precipitation, successive years of drought, exacerbation of concentrated erosion activity&#8230;) and others that are mainly linked to human exploitation patterns that no longer consider the fragility of the forest.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">This deterioration of forests has contributed to the disturbance of the environmental system as a whole, which was specifically manifested in the exacerbation of the dynamics of erosion and the decline in biodiversity that the region was rich in because of the disappearance of its habitats<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Words: <\/strong>Nfifekh watershed, Benslimane forests, vegetation dynamics, GIS.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 500 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 18468 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 22,80 % \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636<sup><a id=\"post-5344-footnote-ref-1\" href=\"#post-5344-footnote-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 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justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644 7.6579 \u0648 7.0214\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 33.8933 \u0648 33.4621 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628 800 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u00b2\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639 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\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0648)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 )\u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0641).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0623 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3-1- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 14493\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 79% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a) \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a) \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629( \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544335\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc50007936\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49967933\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49966668\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49922708\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49909150\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49863928\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2 : :\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3 : :\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5378\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-foret-1986-tif-1.tiff\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\Foret 1986.tif\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5379\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-foret-2016-final-mxd-tif-1.tiff\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\Foret 2016 final mxd.tif\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 3178 \u0643\u0644\u0645<sup>2 <\/sup> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 21% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 89%\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0629 &#8220;\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0649 11% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 4128 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 98%\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 5835 \u0643\u0644\u0645<sup>2<\/sup>\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0640 59% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 &#8220;\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631&#8221; \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648&#8221;\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 24% \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0640 52% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 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id=\"post-5344-_Toc49976789\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc50003048\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544621\"><\/a><strong>3-2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 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id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544630\"><\/a><strong>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649: <\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c 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src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-foret-evolution_16_86-tif-1.tiff\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\Foret Evolution_16_86.tif\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 1911 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 (63 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627) \u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0640 53% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\"><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49875908\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49909366\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49922875\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc50008126\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544563\"><\/a> \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 1 : \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"247\" height=\"173\" class=\"wp-image-5381\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-2-sdollar-hgyhf-png-1.png\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\\u0635\u0648\u0631 2\\s$ hgyhf,.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-2-sdollar-hgyhf-png-1.png 247w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-2-sdollar-hgyhf-png-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\" \/><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"625\" height=\"469\" class=\"wp-image-5382\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/d-doc-img_20200704_19-1.jpeg\" alt=\"D:\\DOC\\\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\\\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\\IMG_20200704_193504.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/d-doc-img_20200704_19-1.jpeg 625w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/d-doc-img_20200704_19-1-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/d-doc-img_20200704_19-1-16x12.jpeg 16w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/d-doc-img_20200704_19-1-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/d-doc-img_20200704_19-1-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2016.<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00a0: 33\u00a0:36\u00a0:40.149499999999705<\/p>\n<p>X\u00a0:7\u00a0:15\u00a0:53.712800000001124<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629( \u0623): \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 Google Earth \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062f \u062a\u0644\u064a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629( \u0628): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0632\u062d\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f:<\/strong> \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f 495 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544635\"><\/a><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 1995 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 184 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 629 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636<\/strong>: \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 219 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 (6,8% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8230;\u0625\u0644\u062e. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\"><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49909380\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49922820\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc50008115\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544552\"><\/a> \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2: \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"663\" height=\"473\" class=\"wp-image-5383\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_202-1.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\\\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629\\IMG_20200628_133759.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_202-1.jpeg 663w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_202-1-300x214.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_202-1-18x12.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 663px) 100vw, 663px\" \/><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"213\" height=\"238\" class=\"wp-image-5384\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_20180409_140801-jpg-1.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\IMG_20180409_140801.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_20180409_140801-jpg-1.jpeg 213w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_20180409_140801-jpg-1-11x12.jpeg 11w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"815\" height=\"473\" class=\"wp-image-5385\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_2018-1.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\\IMG_20180409_142046.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_2018-1.jpeg 815w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_2018-1-300x174.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_2018-1-768x446.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-img_2018-1-18x10.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 815px) 100vw, 815px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 2016.<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00a0:33\u00a0:25\u00a0:51.804999999992916<\/p>\n<p>X\u00a0:6\u00a0:58\u00a0:43.663700000001171<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 2016.<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00a0: 33\u00a0:20\u00a0:34.45119999999590<\/p>\n<p>X\u00a0:6\u00a0:55\u00a0:5.916499999999445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0627\u063a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0645\u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544637\"><\/a><strong>4-2-3- \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1986 \u06482016: \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646: Epiphanio, 1996 Penuelas1997 \u0648Jensen, 2001 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a Normalized Differences Vegetation Index (NDVI) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c 2007)\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544638\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986: \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c 48% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c 28% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544344\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc50007945\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49967942\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49966677\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49922717\"><\/a><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc49909159\"><\/a><strong>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 : \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986 \u06482016<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5386\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-ndvi-foret_16_86-tif-1.tiff\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\NDVI FORET_16_86.tif\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><a id=\"post-5344-_Toc68544639\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 2016: \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 47% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 23 %\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 23% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 49% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0636\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629: \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1986 \u06482016\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/strong>: \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 33 % \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u064810% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/strong>: \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 7667 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 34% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 5328 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 22% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 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\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5- \u062a\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5-1- \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1986 \u06482016 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 367 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 500 \u0645\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5-2- \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 6 : \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 7 : : \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5387\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-foret-pente-fin-tif-1.tiff\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\Foret pente fin.tif\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5388\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/c-users-said-desktop-erosion-foret-tif-1.tiff\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\SAID\\Desktop\\Erosion Foret.tif\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 59% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 (20\u2013 35%) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 35%)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 49 %\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648 24% \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 14%\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062f -\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629- \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 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\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 (Wierly Delvingh 1996) \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648 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(\u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u062d\u0648\u060c 2011)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 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<\/strong>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (INAU, 1993).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 40 \u0648100 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062c\u062f 62% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 40 \u0643\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 19% \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 60 \u0648 80 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 19% \u0641\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 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&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c420 \u0635.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062d\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c<\/strong> (2021). \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062e (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 563 \u0635.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (2008).<\/strong> &#8220;\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 162 \u0635.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644)\u060c 2020: <\/strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a-\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 413.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 (2007). &#8220;<\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (NDVI) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631 \/ \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f7\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f2\u060c \u0635 1-14.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 (2001).<\/strong> &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 23-24 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642: \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f 3\u060c \u0635 78-79.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0634\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 (2011).<\/strong> &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0631\u0648&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 564 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>INAU (1993), <\/strong>contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des impacts Socio-\u00e9conomiques sur la Foret Marocain (cas de la commune rurale de sebt Ait IKKOU) Province de Khemisset, p 164.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Wierly Delvingh (2002), <\/strong>le foret des hommes : terroirs villageois en for\u00eat tropicale Africaine, INAU, p 110.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-5344-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2016 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"#post-5344-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-5344-footnote-2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a 1986 \u06482016\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 shepefile \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"#post-5344-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0645\u062d\u0646\u062f1 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u06292 1 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Said.oumhand@gmail.com. 2 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5344","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5344"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5500,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5344\/revisions\/5500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}