{"id":4765,"date":"2022-11-01T07:25:44","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T07:25:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=4765"},"modified":"2022-11-01T07:25:50","modified_gmt":"2022-11-01T07:25:50","slug":"3-11-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-11-1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: <a href=\"mailto:Shroogbanadr@gmail.com\">Shroogbanadr@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>HNSJ, 2022, 3(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3111<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/1\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649-\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a-\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629-\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621-\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.pdf\">\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/11\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 04\/10\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 104 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062e \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-4765-GrindEQpgref5f741fe61\"><\/a><strong>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Parents and students with disabilities involvement in transition planning<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Shroog Bandar ALotibi<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Email: <a href=\"mailto:Shroogbanadr@gmail.com\">Shroogbanadr@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">HNSJ, 2022, 3(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3111<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Published at 01\/11\/2022 Accepted at 04\/10\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">This study aims to level of involvement in transition planning for students with disabilities and their parents. To achieve the objectives of the study, The researcher adopted the quantitative method, and a questionnaire was used as a research tool. The sample contains 104 female students in high schools and one of their parents in RIYADH. Different statistical analyses used in this study such as: Cronbach\u2019s alpha, descriptive analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, The results of this study a high level of participation of students with disabilities and parents in the transition plan.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Words: Transition service, Transition plan, Student involvement, Parental involvement.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b 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2013\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c 2005)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act IDEA, 1990) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 (2015) \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0633 (Wehman &amp; Hendricks,2009) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Van Laarhoven et al,2016)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 (Collier et al.,2016)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 (Hirano et al.,2018) \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u060c 2020)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 (Lightfoot &amp; DeZelar,2020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Kohler,1996)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 (Collier et al.,2016)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 (Rowe&amp;Test,2010)\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629(Francis et al.,2019) \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0636\u064a\u060c 2018)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a 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<\/strong>\u0637\u064f\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1442\u0647\u0640.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (IDEA,2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Wehman et al.,2014)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 Bouck&amp;Joshi,2016))\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 (2015) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (IDEA,2004)\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064016 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Kohler et al,2016)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 Rehfeldt et al.,2012))\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a (Newman &amp; Madaus,2015)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a (Wei et al., 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0646\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Wagner et al.,2012) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 Leggett &amp; Bates,1996; Woods et al.,2010))\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 (Griffin et al.,2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Rowe&amp;Test,2010)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Doren et al.,2012)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Morningstar et al.,2010) \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Arimura&amp;Corter,2010)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Carter et al .,2012)\u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a (Wagner et al.,2014) \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 (Lo &amp; Bui,2020) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a 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\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Developmental Disabilities) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 75 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c 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&amp;(Cawthon \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 65 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0640\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 Chandroo et al.,2020)) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629) \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631) \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 19.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0637\u064f\u0644\u0650\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u221a) \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629). \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 = 1-5 4\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u064a (4\/5= (0,80\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1-1.80<\/td>\n<td>1.81-2.60<\/td>\n<td>2.61-3.40<\/td>\n<td>3.41-4.20<\/td>\n<td>4.21-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 (Validity) \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0641\u060c 2012)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a Confirmatory Factor Analysis:<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c 2017)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a CFA \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0651 (\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a CFA\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c) \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u064a <em>X<\/em><sup>2<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 GFI)) Goodness Of Fit Index\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 Root Mean Square Error Of Approximation (RMSEA).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 Incremental Fit Indices (IFI)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633(TLI) Tucker\u2013Lewis Index\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 (CFI) Comparative Fit Index.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 90&gt;. \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 RMSEA \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.05 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c 2007).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a CFA<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td><em>X<\/em><sup>2<\/sup><\/td>\n<td>CFI<\/td>\n<td>GFI<\/td>\n<td>TLI<\/td>\n<td>IFI<\/td>\n<td>RMSEA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631<\/td>\n<td>22.29*<\/td>\n<td>0.98<\/td>\n<td>0.95<\/td>\n<td>0.96<\/td>\n<td>0.96<\/td>\n<td>0.09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>22.85*<\/td>\n<td>0.99<\/td>\n<td>0.95<\/td>\n<td>0.98<\/td>\n<td>0.97<\/td>\n<td>0.07<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2004) \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0.87<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0.87<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>0.91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0640\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0.82<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>0.91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.65 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.91 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 (Taber, 2018) \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SPSS) \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (Amos)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e (Alpha Cronbach) \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a Confirmatory Factor Analysis) ) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0648 (4):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3)<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0645<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"8\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.07<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.92<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>36.5%<\/td>\n<td>42.3%<\/td>\n<td>15.4%<\/td>\n<td>3.8%<\/td>\n<td>1.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>42<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.09<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.92<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>38.5%<\/td>\n<td>40.4%<\/td>\n<td>15.4%<\/td>\n<td>3.8%<\/td>\n<td>1.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>49<\/td>\n<td>42<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.28<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>47.1%<\/td>\n<td>40.4%<\/td>\n<td>8.7%<\/td>\n<td>1.9%<\/td>\n<td>1.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.17<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.98<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>42.3%<\/td>\n<td>45.2%<\/td>\n<td>3.8%<\/td>\n<td>4.8%<\/td>\n<td>3.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>4.15<\/td>\n<td>0.91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"8\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>43<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.16<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>41.3%<\/td>\n<td>44.2%<\/td>\n<td>7.7%<\/td>\n<td>2.9%<\/td>\n<td>3.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.06<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.98<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>39.4%<\/td>\n<td>36.5%<\/td>\n<td>19.2%<\/td>\n<td>1%<\/td>\n<td>3.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.62<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>25%<\/td>\n<td>39.4%<\/td>\n<td>14.4%<\/td>\n<td>15.4%<\/td>\n<td>5.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.57<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>21.2%<\/td>\n<td>42.3%<\/td>\n<td>15.4%<\/td>\n<td>15.4%<\/td>\n<td>5.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.85<\/td>\n<td>1.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0.99<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629.<\/strong> \u0643= \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c %= \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 4.07 \u2013 4.28 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 4.15\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 4.28 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a 0.85\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 4.07 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a 0.92 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 4.15 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 0.91 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 3.57 \u2013 4.16 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3.85\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 4.16 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.96\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 3.57 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a 1.15 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3.85 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 1.08 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639) \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (4) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (0.99).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0645<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"8\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>42<\/td>\n<td>41<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.04<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>40.4%<\/td>\n<td>39.4%<\/td>\n<td>7.7%<\/td>\n<td>9.6%<\/td>\n<td>2.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.91<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>38.5%<\/td>\n<td>36.5%<\/td>\n<td>7.7%<\/td>\n<td>12.5%<\/td>\n<td>4.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.93<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>35.6%<\/td>\n<td>38.5%<\/td>\n<td>12.5%<\/td>\n<td>10.6%<\/td>\n<td>2.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>45<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4.01<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.99<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>35.6%<\/td>\n<td>43.3%<\/td>\n<td>10.6%<\/td>\n<td>8.7%<\/td>\n<td>1.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>3.97<\/td>\n<td>0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"8\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>49<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.96<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.99<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>31.7%<\/td>\n<td>47.1%<\/td>\n<td>7.7%<\/td>\n<td>12.5%<\/td>\n<td>1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">2<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>37<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.93<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>35.6%<\/td>\n<td>38.5%<\/td>\n<td>12.5%<\/td>\n<td>10.6%<\/td>\n<td>2.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>45<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.92<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">0.98<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>30.8%<\/td>\n<td>43.3%<\/td>\n<td>14.4%<\/td>\n<td>10.6<\/td>\n<td>1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0643<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">3.65<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">1.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<td>28.8%<\/td>\n<td>31.7%<\/td>\n<td>18.3%<\/td>\n<td>18.3%<\/td>\n<td>2.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>3.91<\/td>\n<td>1.86<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>3.92<\/td>\n<td>1.74<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629.<\/strong> \u0643= \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c %= \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 3.91\u2013 4.04 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3.97\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 4.04 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a 1.06\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 3.91 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a 1.18 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3.97 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 0.88 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 3.65 \u2013 3.96 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3.91\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 3.96 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.99\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a 3.65 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a 1.16 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3.91 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 1.86 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639) \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (3.92) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a (1.74).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Griffin et al.,2014) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u063a (Stranadov &amp; Cumming,2014) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0630\u0648\u064a 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\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Wei et al.,2016) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0649 (2017). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a: <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b<\/em>.31 <em>(8) <\/em>1423-1448.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0649 (2019). \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u00a0<em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644. 9\u060c (31)<\/em>\u00a0\u060c 26- 48.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 (2018). \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644<\/em> .6 <em>(25)<\/em> .1-46.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (2012). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 (2004)<em>. \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 (2005). <em>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/em>. \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: <em>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/em>. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 (2020). \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 . <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 . 13<\/em>\u060c 115-140.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 (2007). \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629: <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.40<\/em>\u060c 9-41.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (2015). \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Almalki, S., Alqabbani, A., &amp; Alnahdi, G. (2021). Challenges to parental involvement in transition planning for children with intellectual disabilities: The perspective of special education teachers in Saudi Arabia. <em>Research in Developmental Disabilities,<\/em> 111, 103872. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103872\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103872<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Alnahdi, G. (2013). Transition Services for Students with Mild Intellectual Disability in Saudi Arabia. Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 48(4), 531\u2013544. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/24232510\">http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/24232510<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Arimura, T., &amp; Corter, C. (2010). School-based integrated early childhood programs: impact on the well-being of children and parents.\u00a0<em>Interaction<\/em>,\u00a0<em>20<\/em>(1), 23\u201332.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bouck, E. C., &amp; Joshi, G. S. (2016). Transition and Students With Mild Intellectual Disability: Findings From the National Longitudinal Transition Study\u20132<em>. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals,<\/em> 39(3), 154\u2013163. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143414551408\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143414551408<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Carter, E. W., Austin, D., &amp; Trainor, A. A. (2012). Predictors of Postschool Employment Outcomes for Young Adults With Severe Disabilities<em>. Journal of Disability Policy Studies,<\/em> 23(1), 50\u201363. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1044207311414680\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1044207311414680<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Chandroo, R., Strnadov\u00e1, I., &amp; Cumming, T. M. (2020). Is it really student-focused planning? Perspectives of students with autism<em>. Research in Developmental Disabilities<\/em>, 107, 103783.\u200f <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103783\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103783<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Collier, M. L., Griffin, M. M., &amp; Wei, Y. (2016). Facilitating Student Involvement in Transition Assessment: A Pilot Study of the Student Transition Questionnaire. <em>Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals<\/em>, 39(3), 175\u2013184. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143414556746\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143414556746<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Doren, B., Gau, J. M., &amp; Lindstrom, L. E. (2012). The Relationship between Parent Expectations and Postschool Outcomes of Adolescents with Disabilities. Exceptional Children, 79(1), 7\u201323. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001440291207900101\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001440291207900101<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Francis, G. L., Regester, A., &amp; Reed, A. S. (2019). Barriers and Supports to Parent Involvement and Collaboration During Transition to Adulthood. <em>Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals,<\/em> 42(4), 235\u2013245. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143418813912\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143418813912<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Griffin, M. M., Taylor, J. L., Urbano, R. C., &amp; Hodapp, R. M. (2014). Involvement in Transition Planning Meetings Among High School Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders<em>. The Journal of Special Education<\/em>, 47(4), 256\u2013264. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022466913475668\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022466913475668<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hendricks, D. R., &amp; Wehman, P. (2009). Transition From School to Adulthood for Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Review and Recommendations. <em>Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities<\/em>, 24(2), 77\u201388. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1088357608329827\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1088357608329827<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hirano, K. A., Rowe, D., Lindstrom, L., &amp; Chan, P. (2018). Systemic barriers to family involvement in transition planning for youth with disabilities: A qualitative metasynthesis<em>. Journal of Child and Family Studies<\/em>, 27(11), 3440-3456.\u200f <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-018-1189-\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-018-1189-<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kirby, A. V., Feldman, K. J. C., Hoffman, J. M., Diener, M. L., &amp; Himle, M. B. (2020). Transition preparation activities and expectations for the transition to adulthood among parents of autistic youth. <em>Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders<\/em>, 78, 101640.\u200f <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rasd.2020.101640\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rasd.2020.101640<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kohler, P. (1996). Taxonomy for transition programming: Linking research and practice.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kohler, P., Gothberg, J., Fowler, C., and Coyle, J. (2016). Taxonomy for transition programming 2.0: A model for planning, organizing, and evaluating transition education, services, and programs. Western Michigan University. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.transitionta.org\/\">www.transitionta.org.<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Leggett, N. M., &amp; Bates, P. (1996). Recommendations for Enabling and Enhancing Self-Determination During the Transition Planning Process<em>. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities,<\/em> 11(4), 251\u2013253. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/108835769601100407\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/108835769601100407<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lightfoot, E., &amp; DeZelar, S. (2020). Parent centered planning: A new model for working with parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. <em>Children and Youth Services Review,<\/em> 114, 105047.\u200f <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105047\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105047<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lo, L., &amp; Bui, O. (2020). Transition Planning: Voices of Chinese and Vietnamese Parents of Youth With Autism and Intellectual Disabilities. <em>Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals,<\/em> 43(2), 89\u2013100. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143419899938\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2165143419899938<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Morningstar, M. E., Frey, B. B., Noonan, P. 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Student-Directed Transition Planning: Increasing Student Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in the Transition Planning Process. <em>Career Development for Exceptional Individuals, <\/em>33(2), 106\u2013114. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0885728810368056\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0885728810368056<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a1 1 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Shroogbanadr@gmail.com HNSJ, 2022, 3(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3111 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/11\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 04\/10\/2022\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4765","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4765"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4777,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4765\/revisions\/4777"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}