{"id":4213,"date":"2022-08-01T21:44:09","date_gmt":"2022-08-01T21:44:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=4213"},"modified":"2022-08-01T21:44:12","modified_gmt":"2022-08-01T21:44:12","slug":"3-8-31","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-8-31\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642”"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0623. \u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u06451<\/sup><\/strong> \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u064a\u062a2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(8); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3831<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/08\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 26\/07\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The Effects of Psychological Capital on Organizational Trust<\/strong><\/p>\n

An applied study on the employees of the Ministry of Communications in the Republic of Iraq<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Ali Abdullah Al-Hakim 1<\/sup> Ahmed Ezzedine Mohamed Sheet 2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Professor of Business Administration, College of Business Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology<\/p>\n

2 <\/sup>PhD researcher, Sudan University of Science and Technology.<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(8); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3831<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/08\/2022 Accepted at 26\/07\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

This research aims to study the effect of psychological capital on organizational trust by applying it to the employees of the Ministry of Communications in Iraq. To achieve this goal, a questionnaire consisting of 40 questions was designed, and the researcher made tests of validity and reliability for this questionnaire, and it became clear that all standard coefficients were significant for all variables of the questionnaire. The sample size was 371 individuals, of which 320 were valid for analysis, and the researcher relied on distributing the questionnaire on the regular random sample and the questionnaires were collected from the workers in question and analyzed statistically. The results showed a positive significant correlation between the dimensions of psychological capital and the dimensions of organizational trust, and the results indicated that there was a significant effect of the dimensions of psychological capital on the dimensions of organizational trust.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2002 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a (Avey et al.,2009, p.678)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 (Luthans et al., 2007, p.542).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a (Martin Seligman) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a Hsing-Ming et al., 2017, p.892)). \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (Rego, et. al., 2012, p.431).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 (\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c 2014\u060c \u0635167).<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062c\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c 2009\u060c\u063591).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b : \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1\/1. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a (Martin Seligman)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640\u0640 (Seligman& Csikszentmihalyi,2000, p.6)\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0644\u064a (Luthans et al., 2007; Malone, 2010; Eid et al, 2012) \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062b\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629)<\/strong> \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n
    2. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0624\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/strong>) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\n
    3. \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644)<\/strong> \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\n
    4. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629( <\/strong>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2013\u060c \u0635748) \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0649\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641 (Abbas & Raja, 2015, p.130) \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

      \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0631\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c 2017\u060c\u063555) \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d (Li et al., 2018, p.433) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 (Al-Zyoud & Mert, 2019, p.240).<\/p>\n

      \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 (Al-Zyoud & Mert, 2019, p.241) \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (\u00d6zsungur, 2019, p.73) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Dubey et al.,2020, p.17) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629Martin Seligman \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Tan et al, 2021, p.808) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

      1\/2. \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Luthans et al, 2007; Rego et al , 2012; Mortazavi et al ,2012; Le, 2020; Tan et al, 2021) \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 Self<\/strong>–Efficacy<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 Hope<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 Optimism<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 Resiliency\u060c <\/strong>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 2014\u060c\u063546) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c2016\u060c \u06359) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n
      2. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n
      3. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n
      4. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n
      5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 Albert Bandura\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2017\u060c\u0635143).<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d (Al-Zyoud & Mert, 2019, p.241) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 (Macht & Chapman, 2019, p.172) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648 (\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629) \u0644\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 (Le, 2020, p.206).<\/p>\n

        \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a Avey et al.,2009, p.680)).<\/p>\n

        \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 (Liu et al., 2012, p.250) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0638\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c 2015\u060c\u063514) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d(Al-Zyoud & Mert, 2019, p.242) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Macht & Chapman,2019, p.173) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n

        \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 . (Le, 2020, p.207)<\/p>\n

        \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Luthans et al., 2007, p.546) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d (Macht & Chapman, 2019, p.173) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 . (Le, 2020, p.207)<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641(Tan et al., 2021, p.809) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n

        \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629(Rego et al.,2012, p.432).<\/p>\n

        \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c 2017\u060c \u063562)<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a (Macht & Chapman, 2019, p.173 ).<\/p>\n

        \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0631\u0649 (Macht & Chapman, 2019, p.173) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 (Le, 2020, p.208) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d (Tan et al., 2021, p.808) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d .<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          2\/1. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0639\u0631\u0641 (Mayer et al.,1995, p.710) \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 ((Gilbert & li-Ping,1998, p.322 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c 2004\u060c\u063567) \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c 2005\u060c\u0635102) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Jr,2007, p.9) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627) \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647 (Parra et al., 2011, p.606).<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u064a \u061b \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u061b \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c 2012\u060c\u063569) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (Karapinar et al., 2016, p.1948).<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641 (Alajmi, 2017, p.53)\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Connelly et al., 2018, p.920) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

          \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u062d (Jia & James, 2018, p.677) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 (Elewa & El Banan, 2019, p.11).<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 (George, et al., 2020, p.256)\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 (Guzzo,et al., 2021, p.4) \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 (Li, et al., 2021, p.) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n

          2\/2. \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d Mccauley and Kuhnert\u060c 1992 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629) \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a (Li, et al, 2021, p.2). \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629)\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644) \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642. \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642) (Elewa & El Banan, 2019, p.11).<\/li>\n
          2. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0627(Elewa & El Banan, 2019, p.11) .<\/li>\n
          3. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 (<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 & \u0639\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c 2020\u060c\u0635168).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b : \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

            1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

            1\/1 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

            1\/2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

            1\/3 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

            2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            2\/1 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

            2\/2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

            2\/3 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

            \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b : \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n
            2. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n
            3. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u061f “<\/p>\n

              \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b : \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
              2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b : \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                2. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  2\/1. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

                  2\/2. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  2\/3. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

                  \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u064b : \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

                  1- \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 : <\/strong>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

                  1\/1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 : \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0636\u0639Luthans et al., 2007) ) \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629)\u060c\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f (17) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

                  1\/2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 : \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u060c 2006\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c 2009\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c2010\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c2013)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f (23) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

                  \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  2- \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  2\/1. \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644) \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f 30 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d.<\/p>\n

                  2\/2. \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629) \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 17 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 4 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06484 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u06484 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u06485 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627) \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 23 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 7 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u06487 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u06489 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  2\/3. \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e Cronbach’s Alpha<\/strong> \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629) . \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n

                  \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n17<\/strong><\/td>\n0.851<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n23<\/strong><\/td>\n0.970<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/td>\n0.873<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n7<\/strong><\/td>\n0.919<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/td>\n0.862<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n7<\/strong><\/td>\n0.933<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/td>\n0.756<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n9<\/strong><\/td>\n0.863<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n5<\/strong><\/td>\n0.859<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  2- \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (13177\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641)[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 (371) \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 (Saunders et al., 2009, p. 219) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0623 5% \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0629 95%. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f 348 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 320 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

                  3- \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: <\/strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 :<\/p>\n

                  3\/1. \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong> \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

                  3\/2. \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0640\u0629 : <\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

                  4- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n
                  2. \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/strong><\/li>\n
                  3. \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c Stepwise \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <\/strong>\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (SPSS) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a (spss.v.18), \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n

                      \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

                      \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong> \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n3.666<\/strong><\/td>\n0.880<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n3.660<\/strong><\/td>\n0.955<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n3.686<\/strong><\/td>\n0.972<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n3.665<\/strong><\/td>\n0.967<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n3.654<\/strong><\/td>\n1.017<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n3.177<\/strong><\/td>\n0.92<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n3.211<\/strong><\/td>\n1.037<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n3.113<\/strong><\/td>\n0.871<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n3.206<\/strong><\/td>\n0.790<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a 3.666 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3.654) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (3.686)\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 3.686\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 3.654\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 3.665\u060c 3.660 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629.\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n
                      2. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a 3.177 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3.113) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (3.211) \u060c \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 3.211 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 3.113 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 3.206 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        2 : \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629, \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

                        \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (3)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                        <\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.352<\/td>\n0.133<\/td>\n0.300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n0.329<\/td>\n0.107<\/td>\n0.161<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n0.327<\/td>\n0.119<\/td>\n0.168<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.498<\/td>\n0.406<\/td>\n0.428<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                        \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (133.0\u060c 498.0) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a (0.133)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a (0.498)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 1%\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                        \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n

                        “ \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629”<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n

                        3: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 (Enter) \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c (Stepwise) \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629, \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

                        3\/1. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639, \u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        ” \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 “<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

                        \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\nR<\/strong>2<\/sup><\/td>\nF<\/strong><\/td>\nSig<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nB<\/strong><\/td>\nT<\/strong><\/td>\nSig<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        <\/td>\n0.194<\/strong><\/td>\n278.047<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\nConstant<\/strong><\/td>\n0.506<\/strong><\/td>\n4.791<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nS<\/strong><\/td>\n0.876<\/strong><\/td>\n31.274<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F (278.047) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 1\u066a.<\/li>\n
                        2. \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 T \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a (4.791) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 5\u066a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 R2<\/sup> (0.194) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 19.4\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a 80.6\u066a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b “\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          3\/2. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c <\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Stepwise)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Stepwise)<\/strong><\/td>\nR2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

                          Change<\/strong><\/td>\n

                          		F change<\/strong><\/td>\nSig.f<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          change<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                          B<\/strong><\/td>\nT<\/strong><\/td>\nSig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.451<\/strong><\/td>\n11.560<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n0.679<\/strong><\/td>\n843.702<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n0.173<\/strong><\/td>\n3.903<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n0.040<\/strong><\/td>\n56.250<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.146<\/strong><\/td>\n3.448<\/strong><\/td>\n0.001<\/strong><\/td>\n0.015<\/strong><\/td>\n21.704<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n0.097<\/strong><\/td>\n2.177<\/strong><\/td>\n0.030<\/strong><\/td>\n0.003<\/strong><\/td>\n4.739<\/strong><\/td>\n0.030<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          F<\/strong><\/td>\n276.717<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          R2<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n0.737<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                          \n

                          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5) \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (276.717)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Sig.) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (0.000)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                          • \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (R2<\/sup>) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (0.737)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 (73.7%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n
                          • \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (R2<\/sup> Change) \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (67.9%) \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (4%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (1.5%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (0.3%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n
                          • \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b “\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621”.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            3\/2. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c <\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Stepwise)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                            \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Stepwise)<\/strong><\/td>\nR2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

                            Change<\/strong><\/td>\n

                            		F change<\/strong><\/td>\nSig.f<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            change<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                            B<\/strong><\/td>\nT<\/strong><\/td>\nSig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.562<\/strong><\/td>\n8.209<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n0.165<\/strong><\/td>\n338.909<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.409<\/strong><\/td>\n5.688<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n0.018<\/strong><\/td>\n32.358<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            F<\/strong><\/td>\n202.775<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            R2<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n 0.183 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                            \n

                            \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6) \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (202.775)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Sig.) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (0.000)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n
                            • \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (R2<\/sup>) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (0.183)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 (18.3%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n
                            • \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (R2<\/sup> Change) \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (16.5%) \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (1.8%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n
                            • \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n
                            • \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b “\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631”.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              3\/3. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (7) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

                              \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (7)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c <\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Stepwise)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                              \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Stepwise)<\/strong><\/td>\nR2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

                              Change<\/strong><\/td>\n

                              		F change<\/strong><\/td>\nSig.f<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              Change<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                              B<\/strong><\/td>\nT<\/strong><\/td>\nSig.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.189<\/strong><\/td>\n2.104<\/strong><\/td>\n 0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n0.183<\/strong><\/td>\n94.835<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n0.197<\/strong><\/td>\n2.093<\/strong><\/td>\n0.001<\/strong><\/td>\n0.09<\/strong><\/td>\n6.954<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n0.274<\/strong><\/td>\n1.971<\/strong><\/td>\n0.031<\/strong><\/td>\n0.028<\/strong><\/td>\n1.887<\/strong><\/td>\n0.033<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n0.296<\/strong><\/td>\n1.904<\/strong><\/td>\n0.050<\/strong><\/td>\n0.025<\/strong><\/td>\n1.431<\/strong><\/td>\n0.050<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              F<\/strong><\/td>\n75.074<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              Sig.<\/strong><\/td>\n0.000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              R2<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n0.326<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                              \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (7) \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (F) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (75.074)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Sig.) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (0.000)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n
                              • \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (R2<\/sup>) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (0.326)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 (18.3%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n
                              • \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (R2<\/sup> Change) \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (18.3%) \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (9%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (2.8%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (2.5%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n
                              • \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b “\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627”.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b : \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (133.0\u060c 498.0) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a (0.133)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a (0.498)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 1%\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629, \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                                  2. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • \n
                                        \n
                                      1. \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 ” \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621”<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Stepwise \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 1%.<\/li>\n
                                      2. \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631”<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Stepwise \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 1%.<\/li>\n
                                      3. \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627”<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Stepwise \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 1%. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                        \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b : \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                        \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n
                                        2. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 ..\u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n
                                        3. \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                                        4. \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n
                                        5. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                                        6. \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n
                                        7. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629.<\/li>\n
                                        8. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647.<\/li>\n
                                        9. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644.<\/li>\n
                                        10. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          2. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (2004)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 16(1)\u060c 61-99.<\/li>\n
                                          3. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2005)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 32(1)\u060c 100-115.<\/li>\n
                                          4. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u062f (2012)\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 18(67)\u060c 58-83.<\/li>\n
                                          5. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062c & \u0639\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c (2020)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 2 (1)\u060c 165-188.<\/li>\n
                                          6. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c (2013)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 53(3)\u060c 741-789.<\/li>\n
                                          7. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2010)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c 2\u060c 221-256.<\/li>\n
                                          8. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f (2013)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/strong>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c 37(2)\u060c 155-190.<\/li>\n
                                          9. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u060c2017\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a)\u0639(\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 7(3).<\/li>\n
                                          10. \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0634 \u060c \u0648 \u0622\u0644 \u0637\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u060c2015\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong>17(3).<\/li>\n
                                          11. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c \u0631\u0634\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a (2016)\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 41(11).<\/li>\n
                                          12. \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2006)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/strong>\u060c 3\u060c 49-107.<\/li>\n
                                          13. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          14. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a\u060c (2017)\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
                                          15. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c(2014)\u060c \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/strong>\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
                                          16. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632(2009)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                            \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. Books<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                            2. Saunders M. ,Lewis P. & Thornhill A., (2009) , Research Methods for Business Students<\/strong>, Fifth edition , Harlow:Prentice Hall .<\/li>\n
                                            3. Periodicals<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                            4. Alajmi Sanad A., (2017), Organizational Trust: A Gateway to Psychological Empowerment, Journal of Management Research<\/strong>, 9(1), 52-69.<\/li>\n
                                            5. Avey, J., Luthans, F., & Jenes, S., (2009), Psychological Capital: A positive Resource of combating employee stress and turnover, Human resource management<\/strong>, 48,(5), 677-693.<\/li>\n
                                            6. Connelly, Brian L., Crook, Russell T., & Combs, James G., (2018),Competence- and Integrity-Based Trust in Interorganizational Relationships: Which Matters More? , Journal of Management, <\/strong>44(3), 919-945.<\/li>\n
                                            7. Elewa, Amal H., & El Banan, Sahar H., (2019), Organizational Culture, Organizational Trust and Workplace Bullying Among Staff Nurses at Public and Private Hospitals, International Journal of Nursing Didactics<\/strong>, 9 (4), 10-20.<\/li>\n
                                            8. George,N. A., Aboobaker, N., & Edward,M., (2020), Corporate social responsibility and organizational commitment: effects of CSR attitude, organizational trust and identification, Society and Business Review,<\/strong> 15 (3), 255-272.<\/li>\n
                                            9. Gilbert, J.A & Li-Ping, T (1998), An Examination of Organizational Trust Antecedents, Public Personnel Management<\/strong>, 27(3), 321-338.<\/li>\n
                                            10. Guzzo, Renata F., Wangb, X., Madera, J., & Abbott, J.,(2021), Organizational trust in times of COVID-19: Hospitality employees\u2019 affective responses to managers\u2019 communication, International Journal of Hospitality Managemen<\/strong>t, 93, 1-11.<\/li>\n
                                            11. Jia, X., & James, H., (2018), Organizational trust in farmer organizations: evidence from the Chinese fresh apple industry, British Food Journal<\/strong>, 120 (3), 676-689.<\/li>\n
                                            12. Karapinar Pinar B., Camgoz Selin M., & Ekmekci Ozge T., (2016) , The Mediating Effect of Organizational Trust on the Link between the Areas of Work Life and Emotional Exhaustion , EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES: THEORY & PRACTICE , <\/strong>16(6) , 1947\u20131980<\/li>\n
                                            13. Le, P., (2020), How transformational leadership facilitates radical and incremental innovation: the mediating role of individual psychological capital, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration<\/strong>,12( 3\/4), 205-222.<\/li>\n
                                            14. Liu, L., Chang, Y., Fu, J., Wang, J., & Lie W.,(2012), The mediating role of psychological capital on the association between occupational stress and depressive symptoms among Chinese physicians a cross-sectional study, BMC Public Health<\/strong>,12, (219), 249\u2013271.<\/li>\n
                                            15. Macht, S. & Chapman, G. (2019), Getting more than money through online crowdfunding, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration<\/strong>, 11(2),171-186.<\/li>\n
                                            16. Mayer, R., Davis, J., & Schoorman, F., (1995), An Integration Model of Organizational Trust, The Academy of Management Review<\/strong>, 20 (3),709 – 734.<\/li>\n
                                            17. Mortazavi, S., Yazd, Seyyed V., & Amini, A.,( 2012), The Role of the Psychological Capital on Quality of Work Life And organization performance, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business<\/strong>, 4 (2), 206\u2013217.<\/li>\n
                                            18. Parra Manuel G., Nalda \u00c1lvaro L., & Perles Gin\u00e9s S., (2011),Towards a more humanistic understanding of organizational trust , Journal of Management Development<\/strong>, 30(6) , 605-614 .<\/li>\n
                                            19. Rego, A., Sousa, F., Marques, C.,&Cunha Miguel P.,(2012), Authentic leadership promoting employees’ psychological capital and creativity, Journal of Business Research<\/strong>, 65 (3), 429\u2013437.<\/li>\n
                                            20. Tan, K., Lew, T. & Sim, A., (2021), Effect of work engagement on meaningful work and psychological capital: perspectives from social workers in New Zealand, Employee Relations: The International Journal<\/strong>, 43(3), 807-820.<\/li>\n
                                            21. Thesis & Dissertation<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                            22. JR, Bobbie M., (2007),An analysis of the relationships among job satisfaction organizational trust and organizational commitment in an acute care hospital, PhD dissertation<\/strong>, USA, University of San Francisco, California.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                \n
                                              1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                \u0623. \u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u06451 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u064a\u062a2 1 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 2 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627. HNSJ, 2022, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4213","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4213"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4235,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4213\/revisions\/4235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}