{"id":3839,"date":"2022-06-02T17:43:35","date_gmt":"2022-06-02T17:43:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3839"},"modified":"2022-06-02T17:43:38","modified_gmt":"2022-06-02T17:43:38","slug":"3-6-25","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-6-25\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(6); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3625<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/06\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 25\/05\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

job stresses, coping styles personality traits in police officers <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abdulkhaleg Mousa Eid Al-Zhrani<\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> College of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(6); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3625<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/06\/2022 Accepted at 20\/05\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The study aimed to know the correlation between work stress in the police and methods of coping with it and personality traits among police officers. The study was applied on a sample of 100 police officers in Jeddah city. The researcher applied a questionnaire designed for this purpose. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the existence of a positive, statistically significant correlation between extroversion \/ introversion, neuroticism and psychoticism and the work stress of police officers. The study also found a positive, statistically significant correlation between extraversion\/introversion and the methods of searching for information and support, aggression, catharsis and resorting to religion, and a negative, statistically significant correlation with withdrawal. The study recommended the necessity of conducting counseling and treatment programs for police officers to reduce the effects of stresses on them.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>Work stress, personality traits, police officers.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0644 1994 brown & Campbell \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 : \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (brown & Campbell, 1994).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 (\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c 1995).<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0640\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (Bull, et al, 2006).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

1- \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n

2- \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u061f<\/p>\n

4- \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 : \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646.<\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

3- \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 .<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 :<\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

4- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1433-1434\u0647\u0640) \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 E. P. Q \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c 1422\u0647\u0640) .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646 (1984) Lazarus & Folkman \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\/ \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647.( 1984 Lazarus & Folkman,)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 persona \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a Gordon Allport \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 . (Allport, 1961)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632 Carl Rogers \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627 (I) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0629 (me) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/p>\n

4- \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 Police Psychology : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a Occupational Psychology \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a Criminal Psychology \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 Stresses \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Biochemical \u0648\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 Physiological \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 Cognitive \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 Behavioral \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 (Carson & Kuipers,1998).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0637 stressors \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 .. \u0627\u0644\u062e<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 Appraisal \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629
\nPerson- Environment Fit \u0641\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062f \u060c 2001) .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 : The Stress- Resistant Personality <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 Control \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u062f\u0641 Purpose \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 Direction \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 Commitment \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 Responsibility \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a Challenge \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 . (Powel, 2000)<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 Negative \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 Positive .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 Uncontrollable \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 unpredictable \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 Ambiguous \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 Clear-cut .<\/p>\n

4- \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 Overloaded \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 Fewer Tasks \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

5- \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 Central Life Domains \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629 Peripheral Life Domains (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u060c 2000) .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u061f <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 :<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 .<\/p>\n

\u0628- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a :<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628 .<\/p>\n

\u062c- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645<\/p>\n

\u062f- \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 :<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 :<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 ( \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0632\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644 )<\/p>\n

6- \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0640- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 :<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0632- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 :<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062d- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629) :<\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 .<\/p>\n

\u0637- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f :<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a (Bull, et al, 2006).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a : \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a (Allport, 1961).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c 1972 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a (\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c 1972) .<\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c 1973 Wolman \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 (1973 Wolman,) .<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0631 \u060c 1974 Stagner \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 (Poul and Jean, 1986).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u060c 1976 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u060c 1976) .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c1979 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 . (\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u060c 1979)<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c 1979 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 . (\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c 1979)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u060c 1983 Brown \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b (Brown , 1983).<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 1986 Poul Fraise And Jean Piaget \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a) \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (Poul and Jean, 1986).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

(McMillan, & Schumacher, 2001)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a
\n( \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 2011) .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (100) \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u0623- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b<\/p>\n

\u0628- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 (2005)<\/p>\n

\u062c- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 (2005)<\/p>\n

\u062f- \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641(2002) .<\/p>\n

\u0623- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

4- \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

6- \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 .<\/p>\n

7- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a .<\/p>\n

8- \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0628- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 :<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 (2005) \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 22 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648 15 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b = \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 = \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b = \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 22-110 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0646 15-75 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/p>\n

\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 ( \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u060c 1996)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 (\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c 1997)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c 1421\u0647\u0640)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 17 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (350) \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (0.01) \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.42) \u0648 (0.72) .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a :- <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u060c 1419) \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (0.86) .<\/p>\n

\u062f- \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 EPQ-R : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 (2002) \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (Eysenck, Eysenck EPQ-R and Barrett, 1985) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 100 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648 48 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 : \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (24 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b ) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 (23\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (32\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627) \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 (21\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647 ” \u0647\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f (Eysenck, Eysenck and Barrett,1985) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f 14 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (Eysenck Personality (EPI)) \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639 \u060c 2002\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u060c 1986) .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 (99: \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 ) :<\/p>\n

Would you feel very sorry for an animal caught in a trap?<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a : \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0633 \u061f \u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 (11: \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637): are you rather lively<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 : \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 ( \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 ) .<\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 (48: \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647 :<\/p>\n

Do you think marriage is old \u2013 fashioned and should be done away with?<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u061f<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a : \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u061f<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (\u0645\u0644\u062d\u06421) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 (500) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a 1421-1422\u0647\u0640 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a 1422-1423\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 : 102-103 \u0633\u0644\u0645 .<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n95<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n94<\/td>\n18.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n9.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n8.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n8.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628<\/td>\n74<\/td>\n14.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n3.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n2.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n3.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n500<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0630 (12 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627 ) \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 EPQ-R \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 EPQ-R.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n3-8-17-26-34-35-38-46-56-60-61-65-69-70-76-83-84-91-95-101-106-107-108-113<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n1-11-16-28-36-45-51-54-55-58-63-78-94-102-112<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u0627<\/td>\n24-47<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n15-23-39-86-98<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u0627<\/td>\n4-6-10-19-27-29-32-44-49-50-53-57-71-77-93<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0644\u0627<\/td>\n5-12-13-21-22-31-43-52-80-87-88-99-105-114<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 EPQ-R<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n3-8-17-26-35-38-46-70-83-95-107-108<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n1-11-36-45-51-55-58-78-94-102-112<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u0627<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n15-23-86-98<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u0627<\/td>\n10-19-29-32-49-53-71-77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0644\u0627<\/td>\n12-13-21-31-43-52-80-87-88-99-105-114<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a : \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e ) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (See Eysenck, Eysenck and Barrett,1985)<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a : \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e) \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647 (0.3) \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0647\u064a : 22-80-87 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u062d\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 collectivism \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 individualism \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (8) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a ” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627 ” \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a : \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n0.76<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a : \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.81<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n0.75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n0.71<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (10) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n-0.10 *<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n-0.338 **<\/td>\n-0.083<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n-0.199**<\/td>\n0.056<\/td>\n0.057<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

* \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05<\/p>\n

** \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.01<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (11) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a (Eysenck, Eysenck and Barrett,1985).<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (11) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0637\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n9.878<\/td>\n5.171<\/td>\n0.230<\/td>\n-0.700<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n11.076<\/td>\n3.873<\/td>\n-0.616<\/td>\n-0.251<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n10.74<\/td>\n3.979<\/td>\n-0.103<\/td>\n-0.504<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n2.484<\/td>\n2.008<\/td>\n1.05<\/td>\n0.907<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 SPSS \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a) \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

4- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

” \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 “<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (12) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (12) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.43**<\/td>\n18%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.52**<\/td>\n27%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.22*<\/td>\n4.84%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n0.16<\/td>\n2.56%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

* \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05<\/p>\n

** \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.01<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (12) \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f0.01<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f 0.05<\/p>\n

5- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 18%<\/p>\n

6- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 27%<\/p>\n

7- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 4.84%<\/p>\n

2- \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 <\/strong><\/p>\n

” \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 “<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (13) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n-0.22*<\/td>\n0.18<\/td>\n0.33**<\/td>\n0.21*<\/td>\n0.3**<\/td>\n0.24*<\/td>\n0.4**<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.32**<\/td>\n0.2*<\/td>\n0.18<\/td>\n0.34**<\/td>\n0.22*<\/td>\n0.33**<\/td>\n0.3**<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n0.24*<\/td>\n-0.26**<\/td>\n-0.16<\/td>\n-0.21*<\/td>\n0.43**<\/td>\n-0.2<\/td>\n-0.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n0.36**<\/td>\n-0.4**<\/td>\n-0.22*<\/td>\n0.26**<\/td>\n0.2*<\/td>\n0.36**<\/td>\n-0.26**<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

* \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05<\/p>\n

** \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.01<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13) \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 .<\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

3- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

5- \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (14) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n4.84%<\/td>\n3.24%<\/td>\n10.89%<\/td>\n4.41%<\/td>\n9.00%<\/td>\n5.76%<\/td>\n16.00%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n10.24%<\/td>\n4.00%<\/td>\n3.24%<\/td>\n11.56%<\/td>\n4.84%<\/td>\n10.89%<\/td>\n9.00%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n5.76%<\/td>\n6.76%<\/td>\n2.56%<\/td>\n4.41%<\/td>\n18.49%<\/td>\n4.00%<\/td>\n2.56%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n12.96%<\/td>\n16.00%<\/td>\n4.84%<\/td>\n6.76%<\/td>\n4.00%<\/td>\n12.96%<\/td>\n6.76%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (14) \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 (2.56%) \u0648 (18.49%) .<\/p>\n

2- \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

3- \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

” \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 “<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a) \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (15) \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (15) \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 N=18<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 N=22<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n16.95<\/td>\n6.7<\/td>\n12.2<\/td>\n4.3<\/td>\n2.60<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629<\/td>\n2.6<\/td>\n1.1<\/td>\n4.3<\/td>\n2.1<\/td>\n3.28<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n8.5<\/td>\n3.6<\/td>\n5.3<\/td>\n3.2<\/td>\n2.86<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n7.90<\/td>\n4.4<\/td>\n5.6<\/td>\n1.9<\/td>\n2.09<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n9.1<\/td>\n3.8<\/td>\n6.8<\/td>\n1.2<\/td>\n2.56<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n4.2<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n2.9<\/td>\n2.3<\/td>\n1.97<\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n4.6<\/td>\n2.2<\/td>\n4.1<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n0.51<\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (15) \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 0.01 .<\/p>\n

6- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 0.05<\/p>\n

4- \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 <\/strong><\/p>\n

” \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 ” .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (16) \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (16) \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 N=18<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 N=22<\/td>\n\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a<\/td>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645<\/td>\n\u0639<\/td>\n\u0645<\/td>\n\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n13.1<\/td>\n4.6<\/td>\n16.7<\/td>\n5.9<\/td>\n-2.02<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n13.6<\/td>\n3.2<\/td>\n11.1<\/td>\n2.8<\/td>\n2.53<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n9.8<\/td>\n3.4<\/td>\n7.5<\/td>\n3.9<\/td>\n1.87<\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628<\/td>\n11.2<\/td>\n7.1<\/td>\n9.6<\/td>\n4.4<\/td>\n0.84<\/td>\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (16) \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 0.05 .<\/p>\n

4- \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 75% \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631 2007 Jonker \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0628\u0631\u062c( 2005 berg , hem,lau, haseth & Ekberg ) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 (2005) oginska- bulik \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0627 (2005) oginska- bulik \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 46% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 75% \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631 (2002) pienaar , rothmann & vande vyver \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631 (2007) Jonker \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0631 (1996) brown & coopr \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 (2005) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2003) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 4.41% \u0625\u0644\u0649 16% .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631 (2007) Jonker \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 (2005) oginska- bulik \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

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3- \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 Pienaar \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 Rothmann \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631 (2002) \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0631 (1996) Brown & Copeer \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2003) \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

4- \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631 (2007) Jonker \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 (2005) Oginska- Bulik .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 4.84% \u0648 27% .<\/p>\n

3- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 .<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

5- \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

6- \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

7- \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (2.56%) \u0648(18.49)<\/p>\n

8- \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 .<\/p>\n

9- \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 .<\/p>\n

10- \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

11- \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

12- \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642
\n\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

13- \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a : <\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 .<\/p>\n

2- \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c .<\/p>\n

3- \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 .<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

5- \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

6- \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: <\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 .<\/p>\n

2- \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

3- \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

4- \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (2010\u0645): \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong> \u060c \u06371\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0635 41-42 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (2001\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645 <\/strong>\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u060c \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2003\u0645) : \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/strong> \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u060c \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 (1976\u0645) : \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b )<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (1985\u0645) : \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1979\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1980\u0645) : \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1992\u0645) : \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1994\u0645) : \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631.<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1996\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1998\u0645) : \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1991\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (1979\u0645) : \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f (1988\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/strong> \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 3 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u060c \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c (1980\u0645) : \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/strong> \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0642 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0630\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (1997\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1997\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627<\/strong> \u060c \u06372 \u060c \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062a (1995\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/strong> \u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u062f (1986\u0645) \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628<\/strong> \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d (1995\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a .<\/li>\n
  • \u0645\u062f\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (1975\u0645) : \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0639 \u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (1994\u0645) : \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 <\/strong>\u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a .<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2001\u0645) : \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong> \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n
  • \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u060c \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 (1971\u0645) : \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 <\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0645\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u060c \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0639 (1997\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u063721 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f (2003\u0645) : \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0646 (1995\u0645) : \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u06371 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u060c \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f (1995\u0645) : \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/strong> \u060c \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
  • \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 (2005\u0645) : \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong> \u060c \u06376 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Abrahamsen, S. (2006) police personality and the Relationship between personality and preferences for conflict resolution tacics , http : \/\/urn.nb.no\/URN:NBN:no-12974.<\/li>\n
    • Allport, G. W. (1961) \u201cThe Religious Context of Prejudice\u201d, Jornal for The Scientific Study of Religion, Vol. 5, PP. 240-251<\/li>\n
    • Angleman , A.J(2010) Firefighters stress : Assocdiation between work stress , posttraumatic stress symptoms and cardionascular disease risk , Nova Southeastern University.<\/li>\n
    • Arnold H. Buss and Stephen E. Fin (1997) Classification of Personality Traits, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 52, No. 2, P. 432-434.<\/li>\n
    • Ayers, T.S, Sandler, I.N, West, S.G & Roosa, M.W.(1996)
      \nA dispositional and situational assessment of children’s coping : Testing alternative models of coping . Journal of personality.<\/li>\n
    • Bano, B. (2011)Job stressamong police personnel, International Conference on Econonics and Finance Research , JAlCSJT Press Singapore.<\/li>\n
    • Barney , J, et al (1984) ” Business students : Relationship between social class , social responsibility , stress , anxiety and anomy “, College student Journal , Vol.18,No.2,P.108-112<\/li>\n
    • BenJamin Wolman (1973) Dictionary of Behavioral Science, P. 275-276.<\/li>\n
    • Ben-Zur, H . (1999) The effectiveness of coping meta \u2013 strategies : perceived efficiency, emotional correlates and cognitive Performance . Personality and Indivikual Differences , 26,923-939.<\/li>\n
    • Berg, A.M, Hem,E., Lau, B., Haseth, k. & Ekeberg, O.(2005) Stress in the Norewegian police service , Occupational Medicine , 55 (2): 113-120.<\/li>\n
    • Bhagat , R . S, Ford , D.l., O,Driscoll,M.P., Frey , l ., Babakus , E . &Mahanyele, M. (2001) Do south African managers cope differently from American managers ? A cross- cultural investigation . International Journal of Intercultural Relations , 25,301-313<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a1 1 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 HNSJ, 2022, 3(6); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3625 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/06\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3839","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3839"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3850,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3839\/revisions\/3850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}