{"id":3571,"date":"2022-05-01T02:18:37","date_gmt":"2022-05-01T02:18:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3571"},"modified":"2022-05-01T02:18:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-01T02:18:48","slug":"3-5-10","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-5-10\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0622\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\/ \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062d\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0628 \/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3510<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/05\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 10\/04\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Semantics of Contradictory Text in Some Verses of the Holy Qur\u2019an<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Abbas Mohamed Ismail Musa1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Assistant Professor of Arabic Linguistics\/ Faculty of Education – Hantoub\/ University of Gezira<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3510<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/05\/2022 Accepted at 10\/04\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

studying semantics through texts is considered one of the most important linguistic studies, as it is concerned with the search for the meaning through syntactic structures, as grammar is the basic tool for searching the meaning in textual verification, and contraction that leads to an imbalance in meaning, therefore the study aimed to realize the semantics of the verbal text through some ayahs of the holy Qur\u2019an, and to explain the points of view in the texts that are considered by linguists and exegetes. The study followed the descriptive, inductive and deductive method. The study reached to a lot of results, the most important are: What was described by some of those who say that there is a contradiction of conformity in the holy Qur\u2019an because of the fact that they look at the holy Qur\u2019anic syntax with a superficial look without diving into the semantics of the contradictory text to recognize the secrets of contradiction and non-conformity, and that what was described in the holy Qur\u2019an is contradiction of conformity .The linguistic studies confirmed the permissibility and correctness of non-conformity in the utterance with the integrity of the linguistic semantics of the text. The study recommends that linguists to concern with the semantics of the text and the way of Arabs in their discourse to remove the illusion of those who believe that there is a weakness in the Qur\u2019anic structure due to its dependence on superficial syntax.<\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b \u0641\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 :<\/p>\n

” \ufbd3 \ufbd4 \ufbd5 \ufbd6 \ufbd7 \ufbd8 \ufbd9 \ufbda \ufbdb\ufbdc \ufbdd \ufbde \ufbdf \ufbe0 \ufbe1 \ufbe2 ” ([2]<\/a><\/sup>) . \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629) \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628) \u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0646 (\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644) \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644) \u0648 (\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062d\u0648 (\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629) \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0647 (\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644) \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644) \u0641\u062d\u0630\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a: “\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0638 ( \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0649 : “\ufb94 \ufb95 \ufb96 \ufb97 \ufb98\ufb99 \ufb9a \ufb9b \ufb9c \ufb9d \ufb9e \ufb9f \ufb7c(<\/sup>[3]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638 ( \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 ) \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b\u0627\u064b \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b ” \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 ” .<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0646\u0629 ( \u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 ) \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 ( \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 ) \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0649 \u0632\u0646\u0629 ( \u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644) .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0646\u0629 ( \u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 ) \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 :” \ufbdd \ufbde \ufbdf \ufbe0 \ufbe1 \ufbe2” \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b ( \u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a ) \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u062a\u0647 ( \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 ) \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0638\u064f \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064d \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 ( \u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a ) \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0646 :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0630\u0641 ( \u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628 ( \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 )<\/li>\n
  2. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 ” \u0625\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a ” \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 ” \u0625\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0649 “<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 ( \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 ) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 ) \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0644<\/a>\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 ” . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0645 .<\/p>\n

    2- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 ” \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 ( \u0646\u0633\u0648\u0629 ) \u0633\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0641\u0635\u062d \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b\u0647 .<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0624\u0646\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 .<\/p>\n

    * \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064f\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 : \ufb7d\ufbda \ufbdb \ufbdc \ufbdd \ufbde \ufb7c(<\/sup>[6]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

    \u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0640 (\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u0647) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: \ufb7d\ufbfa \ufbfb \ufbfc \ufbfd\ufb7c(<\/sup>[7]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b \u0641\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. (<\/sup>[8]<\/a>) <\/sup><\/li>\n
    2. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: ” \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646: \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646: \u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u064a\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641” (<\/sup>[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/a>)<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      3_ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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      \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:” \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0622\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648: \u0634\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 : \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629: \ufb7d \ufb69 \ufb6a \ufb6b \ufb6c \ufb6d \ufb6e \ufb6f \ufb70 \ufb71 \ufb72 \ufb73 \ufb74\ufb7c (<\/sup>[12]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b (\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0643\u0645\u0627). (<\/sup>[13]<\/a>) <\/sup><\/p>\n

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      \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 . <\/a><\/p>\n

      4- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 , \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0646\u062d\u0648: \u0645\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u064f. \u0625\u0630 \u0630\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629: \ufb7d \ufb75 \ufb76 \ufb77 \ufb78\ufb79 \ufb7a \ufb7b \ufb7c \ufb7d \ufb7e \ufb7f\ufb80 \ufb81 \ufb82 \ufb83\ufb84 \ufb85 \ufb86 \ufb87 \ufb7c (<\/sup>[16]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

      \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0645\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a: “\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647.” \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f: ” \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628.” (<\/sup>[17]<\/a>) <\/sup><\/p>\n

      \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a: ” \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0645.” (<\/sup>[18]<\/a>) <\/sup><\/p>\n

      \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0645. \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

      \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u0648\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u062a\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0636 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 . \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/li>\n
      2. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064c \u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n
      3. \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        <\/a> \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n

        \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c 1424\u0647\u0640\/2004.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644: \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c 2009\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (\u062a 395 \u0647\u0640): \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 2001\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631: \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a (\u062a 711\u0647\u0640): \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 1985 \u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c 1977\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c 1988\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06372\u060c 1411\u0647\/1990\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c 1390\u0647\/1970\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u06372\u060c \u0628.\u062a.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c 2003\u0645\/1423\u0647.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631: \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0647: \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0632\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 1407\u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1975.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1974\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0628.\u062a.<\/p>\n

        \u0634\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009\u0645.<\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. () \u0646\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c 1998\u0645\u060c \u063573. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        2. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 56. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        3. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 78. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        4. () \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063561. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        5. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 30. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        6. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 4. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        7. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 9. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        8. () \u0646\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0635213. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        9. () \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635337. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        10. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 4. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        11. () \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062c4\u060c \u0635127. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        12. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 78. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        13. () \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 \u0635188 \u2013 189. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        14. () \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0635 \u0635212 \u2013 321. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        15. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 4. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        16. () \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 177. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        17. () \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635354. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
        18. \n

          () \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c 1390\u0647\/1970\u0645\u060c \u0635 \u0635231-232. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06491 1 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\/ \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062d\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0628 \/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 HNSJ, 2022, 3(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3510 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 PDF \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/05\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 10\/04\/2022\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":{"telephone":"+249123656807"},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3571","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3571","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3571"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3571\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3586,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3571\/revisions\/3586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}