{"id":3565,"date":"2022-05-01T01:51:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-01T01:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3565"},"modified":"2022-05-01T01:51:04","modified_gmt":"2022-05-01T01:51:04","slug":"3-5-4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-5-4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647”"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: alihossin19761@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj354<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

Al-Zajjaj\u2019s morphological objections to Al-Kisa\u2019i in his book Meanings and Expressions of the Qur\u2019an<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Ali Hussein Ahmed Mohamed1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Lecturer in grammar and morphology, Asmarya University, Libya<\/p>\n

Email: Alihossin19761@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj354<\/p>\n

Published at 01\/05\/2022 Accepted at 05\/04\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The topic of this research revolves around objection, and this science began since the inception of authorship, so authors\u2019 books flourish in this art, and some of them are one of the reasons for their authorship. Aspects of the issue, and one of the books that combine to a great extent this art is the book \u201cThe Meanings of the Qur\u2019an and its Syntax\u201d by its author Abu Ishaq Al-Zajjaj. Many studies have been established on it, and in this research we will shed light on some of these objections, and one of them is specifically what he objected to Al-Kisa\u2019i, in a study called Al-Zajjaj\u2019s morphological objections to Al-Kisa\u2019i in his book Meanings and Syntax of the Qur\u2019an. I have collected these objections and verified them in their sources. Looking at the origin of these objections in terms of their origins, are they doctrinal differences and have a point of view, or are they correct following the principles of grammar recognized by grammarians.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n

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\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0636\u062f \u062d\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 ” \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647 ” \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a- \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

3. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0644\u0645\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

4. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647.<\/p>\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

6. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

7. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

8. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0632\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646. 2000\u0645..\u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631.1972\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646.1987\u0645.\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0643\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u06372.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631. 1998\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u06371.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u062f. \u062a. \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u06371.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634. \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634. \u062f.\u062a. \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/em>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c 1993\u0645. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u062f. \u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. 2001\u0645. \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 .\u06371.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0649. \u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u06331983\u0645. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u06377.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646.1980\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0639\u0644\u0628. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a.2010\u0645. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u06371.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u06451996\u0645. \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f. \u06371\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0628.1975\u0645. \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a1971\u0645. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u062f. \u062a. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/em>. \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0631.1988\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u06373. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a. \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647. \u062f.\u062a.<\/em> \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u06211983\u0645. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u06373.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f2002\u0645. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/em> \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u06371\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u064a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a2006\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. 2009\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0638\u0628\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a1998\u0645. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f.1996\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u06442008\u0645 . \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u06372. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646: \u063513. \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2009\u0645). \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0638\u0628\u064a. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a: \u0635294\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631_ \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u062f. \u062a. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/em>. \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c: 4\/309. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a2005\u0645. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635220. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a1998\u0645. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621: 2\/389. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u06211983\u0645. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u06373. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u062b\u0639\u0644\u0628: \u0635182. \u062b\u0639\u0644\u0628. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a.2010\u0645. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u06371. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c: 1\/89. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 1\/91\u060c92. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u063563. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: 1\/192. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u06442008\u0645 . \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u06372. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a :1\/59. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646.1980\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  12. \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 : 4\/331. \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0631.1988\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u06373. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  13. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c: 1\/66. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  14. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a: 1\/96. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  15. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 1\/398. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  16. \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647: 4\/448. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  17. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f: 1\/212. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f.1996\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  18. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646. 2000\u0645..\u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0635192\u060c193. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  19. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631: \u0635366. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631. 1998\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u06371. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  20. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a: 3\/274. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0628.1975\u0645. \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/em> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  21. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646: 3\/466. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631.1972\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  22. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c 1996\u0645: \u0635458. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  23. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 : 2\/378. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c 1993\u0645. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  24. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a : 2\/69. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u06451996\u0645. \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f. \u06371\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  25. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a : 3\/449. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a. \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647. \u062f.\u062a.<\/em> \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  26. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 2\/82. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  27. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635116. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  28. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 : 5\/547. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634. \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634. \u062f.\u062a. \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/em>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  29. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621: 3\/355. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  30. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0649\u060c 1983\u0645 . \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0649. \u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u06331983\u0645. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u06377. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  31. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 5\/274. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  32. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635250. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  33. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 : 3\/229. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  34. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 2\/212\u060c 213. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  35. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635127. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  36. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a : 2\/218\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  37. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 4\/44. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  38. \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 : 4\/ 268. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  39. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635203. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  40. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0642: \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u062d\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f \u062a: (\u0645 \u0631 \u0642). \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u062f. \u062a. \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/em>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u06371. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  41. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u064a\u062e: \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f \u062a: ( \u0645 \u0631 \u062e ). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  42. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f \u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0645)\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643. \u062f.\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u06375::\u0635128\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c 1988\u0645:3\/129. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  43. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c 2006\u0645:8\/238\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u064a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a2006\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629:\u060c \u062f \u062a 1\/219\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u062f. \u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a.\n

    \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f \u062a: (\u0639\u0628\u0631_\u0644\u0626\u0649). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n

  44. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635157. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  45. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 4\/12. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  46. \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 : 3\/291. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  47. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635201. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  48. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 : 2\/235. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  49. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 : 2\/236. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  50. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 4\/12. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  51. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 5\/73. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  52. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635238. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  53. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 : 3\/97. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  54. \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 : 4\/167. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  55. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 4\/220. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  56. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u0635221. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  57. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 : 2\/398. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  58. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a : 1\/5027. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  59. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 : 2\/310\u060c 311. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  60. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c : 1\/178\u060c179. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  61. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a : \u063576. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  62. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c :1\/143. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  63. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f2002\u0645. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/em> \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u06371\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.(\u0641\u0648\u0645): 8\/405\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c 1987\u0645:(\u0641\u0645\u0648): 2\/972\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646.1987\u0645.\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0643\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u06372. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c 2001\u0645(\u0641\u0627\u0645): 15\/412\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. 2001\u0645. \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 .\u06371. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/em>. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639. (\u0641\u0648\u0645): 4\/462. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  64. \n

    \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c 1998\u0645: \u063572. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f1 1 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: alihossin19761@gmail.com HNSJ, 2022, 3(5); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj354 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 PDF \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/05\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 05\/04\/2022\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":{"telephone":"+249123656807"},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3565","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3565"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3572,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3565\/revisions\/3572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}