{"id":3210,"date":"2022-03-01T13:50:30","date_gmt":"2022-03-01T13:50:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=3210"},"modified":"2022-03-01T13:50:42","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T13:50:42","slug":"3-3-21","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-3-21\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645. \u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: <a href=\"mailto:hind.ahmed@garmian.edu.krd:%20%20\">hind.ahmed@garmian.edu.krd <\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">HNSJ, 2022, 3(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3321<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/21\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a-\u0644\u062f\u0649-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646.pdf\">\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 23\/02\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 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\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a . \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a id=\"post-3210-GrindEQpgref5f741fe61\"><\/a><strong>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Anti-self-accusations of the chronically ill and uninfected elderly in state homes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>(A comparative study)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Hind Ahmed Suleiman<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><sup>1<\/sup> Instructor, Department of Psychology, College of Languages and Humanities, University, Garmian, Governorate, Diyala, Iraq.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Email: <a href=\"mailto:hind.ahmed@garmian.edu.krd:%20%20\">hind.ahmed@garmian.edu.krd <\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">HNSJ, 2022, 3(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3321<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Published at 01\/03\/2022 Accepted at 23\/02\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The current research aims to identify the anti-self accusations of elderly people with chronic diseases and those who are not infected. The current research sample consisted of (150) elderly men and women, with (80) uninfected and (70) injured, residing in state houses in Baghdad for the year (2021). Building the scale of anti-self accusations, according to the theory (Horney, 1939), which includes (26) items, which has psychometric properties in terms of apparent validity and construction validity indicators, and the stability was extracted by two methods: retesting, which reached (86) and Facronbach, which reached (88). The researcher reached the following results: The elderly with chronic diseases have anti-self accusations, and the elderly without chronic diseases do not have anti-self accusations. In light of the results of the statistical analysis, the researcher extracted a number of recommendations and suggestions.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b problem of research The<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a . \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 . \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0621\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647. ( \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a , 2007 : 38 )<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0646 )\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 .(\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0646\u060c1988: 377 -378 ) \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a (\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c1985 :18) .\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c 1976\u060c:257-258) .\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646. Huppertz,1986,:50&amp;Spiro,1990,:55)) \u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0627 ,\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b The Importance Of Research<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c 257:1976:-258) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a(Nader,1997 ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064aHorney ) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a .(\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u060c1988\u060c\u0635 86).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 (Sharon,2002, p.368 ) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 (Baumeister 1994 ) \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0630\u064a\u0646\u0627 harmed \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 . \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 stability \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 (.2002:.97 Douglas et, al,).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 survivor guilt\u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a turning against self. \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a moral anxiety \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0645 the sin \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u060c 1968 :87).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a self-love \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a self hate \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0643\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c1999 :112).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b . \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f,2011 :5)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0622\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0647\u060c 2009: 16).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a : Theoretical side<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a : The practical side<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a ) \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 , \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b : The Objectiv of Research<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 :-<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b :- The Limits of Research<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (2021) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a :- Definition of term<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a self-recriminations<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a (Horney,1939) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">( \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627).((Horney,1939,p235 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 (\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0646\u064a 1978 )<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628) (\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0646\u064a\u060c1978:275).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 Nader 2001 :-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646) .(James &amp; Constancem : 2007)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 (Horney,1939) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a ,\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 :-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 : \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 :-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (1972)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f\u064f \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 ( \u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 )\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c 2005 : 11 ) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (1997) :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 (60-75 \u0633\u0646\u0629) \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 (75 \u0633\u0646\u0629) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 (\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c1997:5)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 .( \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 ,1972) \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 : \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 (60-75 \u0633\u0646\u0629) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0631 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(Horney,1937,p235).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0630\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636. (Horney,1937,p233) . \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u062d \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 (Horney, 1937,p.235).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0628\u062e \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u0649 (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0624 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647. ( Horney,1937:247) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0624 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a) \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 compulsive\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062fhypersensitivity to criticism \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a self-contempt \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (Terry,2003:136-139).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0628\u064a,2008)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 :-<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f .<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 (\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631- \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 (\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a- \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a) .<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639(\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631-\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635(\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a- \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a) .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7-\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b(384) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 -\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635(\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a-\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a .\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 (0.042). (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0628\u064a,2008)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a ) \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a, \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0650\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b Society of Research <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. (\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 1996\u060c :113).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (2021) . .\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">90<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">40<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">50<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\">234<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a Sample of Research<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 ( 1972,p;392 Ebel,) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627(200) \u0645\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(2)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627: \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b.)\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u06af\u0646\u0629\u060c 2008 :304 . (<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (70) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a (\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645,\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631,\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629, \u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 ).\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 .\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (80).. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 .(3) \u0648(4) .\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(3) \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(4)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b Research of tools:-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a . \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a :-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a) \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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justify;\">\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a). \u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a (26) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 . \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 (1) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a .\u0648\u0647\u064a ( \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0640 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0640 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 ).\u0643\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 (26) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\/1 ) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u060c(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\/ 2) \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 (80%) \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u060c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a 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\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (15) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 :0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3-1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.( \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0640 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0640 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 ) \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (3) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (2) \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (1) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a (78) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 (26) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a:-<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a ( statiscal analysis sampl):-<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (200) \u0645\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629) \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0640\u0643<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a :- marked by paragraphs:-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u060c 1991: 140 ) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 :-<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 .<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 .<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640 (200) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0632 (27%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 (Upper Group) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 (54 ) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648(27%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 (Lowr Group) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0637\u0626 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 (54) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a ( t-Test) \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 (26) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0,05) \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 (Edawrds,1957;153) .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (1,98) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0\u060c05) \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (106) \u060c \u0641\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (26) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( 5 )<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.728<\/td>\n<td>0.523<\/td>\n<td>2.210<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.784<\/td>\n<td>8.005<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.901<\/td>\n<td>0.319<\/td>\n<td>1.605<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.717<\/td>\n<td>4.806<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.741<\/td>\n<td>0.563<\/td>\n<td>1.426<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.787<\/td>\n<td>4.141<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.303<\/td>\n<td>0.820<\/td>\n<td>1.161<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.913<\/td>\n<td>6.658<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.691<\/td>\n<td>0.571<\/td>\n<td>1.086<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.759<\/td>\n<td>8.103<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.784<\/td>\n<td>0.442<\/td>\n<td>1.198<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.810<\/td>\n<td>8.088<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.463<\/td>\n<td>0.741<\/td>\n<td>1.790<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.895<\/td>\n<td>7.374<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.753<\/td>\n<td>0.524<\/td>\n<td>1.389<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.733<\/td>\n<td>5.146<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.772<\/td>\n<td>0.477<\/td>\n<td>1.136<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.745<\/td>\n<td>8.341<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.105<\/td>\n<td>0.031<\/td>\n<td>1.512<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.035<\/td>\n<td>5.162<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.661<\/td>\n<td>0.570<\/td>\n<td>1.056<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.858<\/td>\n<td>7.475<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.962<\/td>\n<td>0.600<\/td>\n<td>1.951<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.694<\/td>\n<td>8.479<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.704<\/td>\n<td>0.567<\/td>\n<td>1.185<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.850<\/td>\n<td>6.456<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.685<\/td>\n<td>0.492<\/td>\n<td>1.895<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.939<\/td>\n<td>9.345<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.080<\/td>\n<td>0.946<\/td>\n<td>1.346<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.993<\/td>\n<td>6.820<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.586<\/td>\n<td>0.702<\/td>\n<td>1.920<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">0.863<\/td>\n<td>7.628<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.444<\/td>\n<td>1.174<\/td>\n<td>1.320<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.040<\/td>\n<td>4.258<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.315<\/td>\n<td>0.845<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.401<\/td>\n<td>0.999<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">8.883<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.778<\/td>\n<td>0.456<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.093<\/td>\n<td>0.825<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">9.234<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.753<\/td>\n<td>0.447<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.148<\/td>\n<td>0.741<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">8.897<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.944<\/td>\n<td>0.230<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.457<\/td>\n<td>0.679<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">8.660<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.655<\/td>\n<td>0.492<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.899<\/td>\n<td>0.939<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">9.345<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.070<\/td>\n<td>0.946<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.896<\/td>\n<td>0.993<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">6.820<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.546<\/td>\n<td>0.702<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.980<\/td>\n<td>0.863<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">7.628<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.424<\/td>\n<td>1.174<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.390<\/td>\n<td>1.040<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">4.258<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.325<\/td>\n<td>0.849<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.481<\/td>\n<td>0.998<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">5.843<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.558<\/td>\n<td>0.476<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.098<\/td>\n<td>0.829<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">7.264<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.763<\/td>\n<td>0.487<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">1.149<\/td>\n<td>0.746<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">8.827<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2.944<\/td>\n<td>0.236<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">4.177<\/td>\n<td>0.678<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">5.661<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (1,98) \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 . ( 106 ) \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (05 , . )<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0640 &#8211; \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 :-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0646\u0644\u064a (Nunnaly,1967) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0630\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u064b. (Nunnally, 1967) . \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (200) \u0645\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 .\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (1,98) \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0,05) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 ) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.404<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>0.471<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.293<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>0.298<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.301<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>0.276<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.430<\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td>0.254<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.440<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>0.478<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.322<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>0.231<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.394<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>0.245<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.209<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>0.315<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.435<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>0.493<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.348<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>0.437<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.338<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>0.319<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.281<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<td>0.365<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.253<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>0.237<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 :-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627:-\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 Validity:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\/2) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 (80%) \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 , \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\/1).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646.(6,5).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627:- \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a Reliability:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646: &#8211;<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631: Test \u2013 Retest Method<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (40) \u0645\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0631\u0649 (Adams, 1964) \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 (Adams, 1964:.58). \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (0,88)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 (\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u060c 1985) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 (70%) \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a .(\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u060c 1985 :58).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e: Cranbach Alpha Method<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (0,86) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 1981) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 (70%) \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 1981 :129).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 :- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a(56) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (11,565) \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a) 52) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (69) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0,05) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p>05,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>70<\/td>\n<td>56<\/td>\n<td>52<\/td>\n<td>69<\/td>\n<td>11,565<\/td>\n<td>2,892<\/td>\n<td>1,98<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (2,892) \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (1,98) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a :- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (48) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 (8,432) \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a (52) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (79) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (0,05) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p>05,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>80<\/td>\n<td>48<\/td>\n<td>52<\/td>\n<td>79<\/td>\n<td>8,432<\/td>\n<td>4,240-<\/td>\n<td>1,98<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (7) \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629(4,240-) \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 (1,98) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 (\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631- \u0627\u0646\u0627\u062b) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c , \u0627\u0631\u0645\u0644, \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642, \u0627\u0639\u0632\u0628) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a ,\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 ,\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0621,\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .(\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 ,\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a,\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1- \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 (1997) : \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 . \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 ,\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f,(1991),\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a,\u06371,\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 ,\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0646\u064a (1988)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c\u06371\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a (1999)\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u060c 2005 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a, , \u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f, 2007, \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627, \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (33) \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u063a\u0628\u064a ,\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645,(2008) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 ,\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c\u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (1977)\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a.\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628.\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629.\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0643\u0646\u0629,\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 ,(2008) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 ,\u0645\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 ,\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 ,\u062f\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0633 , \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 , \u0643\u0627\u064a\u062f (1996) : \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0629 ) , \u06375 , \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639, \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 , \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f(1985),\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a ,\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628 ,\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631(1984) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 ,\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 .\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a ,\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649(1976).\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c\u06372\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c\u0633\u060c\u0647\u0648\u0644(1968). \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f ,\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f (2011) \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646.\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f,\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a ,\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644 (2009): \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 , \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629) \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \/\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062a \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u062c\u0646\u0641\u0631 (1988) : \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 . \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646(1988)\u060c\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647:\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628.\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a.\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>11- Douglas . Kenrick , etal . (2002). social psychology unraveling the mystery, Apearson education company. Baston .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>22-Ebel, R.L. (1972). Essentials of educational measurement. New Jersey. Prentice. Hall, Inc .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3- Horney Karen. (1939). Neurotic guilte feeling new ways in psychology analysis , w.w. narton &amp; company, inc publisher. New york<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4 &#8211; Horney, Karen, M.D.(1937).the neurotic personality a four time , w.w. Norton&amp;Company.incNewyork<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5 &#8211; James, J. Messina &amp; Constancem ,Messina . (2007). Handiling . Guilt . <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.coping\"><strong>http:\/\/www.coping<\/strong><\/a><strong> &#8211; Nunnully J. G (1967).Psychatric theory.new york.Mcgraw Hill.book company.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6 &#8211; Terry,Cooper. (2003).sin pride&amp; self concoptance. http:\/\/www.ptypes,com.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>7- Huppertz, B.J(1986) ; psychosomatic aspects of irritable balder. Arevie .Urology-A,25(2).p,84-89.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645. \u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u06461 1 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: hind.ahmed@garmian.edu.krd HNSJ, 2022, 3(3); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3321 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/03\/2022\u0645 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3210","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3210"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3219,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3210\/revisions\/3219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}