{"id":2984,"date":"2022-02-02T18:28:07","date_gmt":"2022-02-02T18:28:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=2984"},"modified":"2022-02-02T18:28:11","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T18:28:11","slug":"3-2-34","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/3-2-34\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06291<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: omar.alqaqa12@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3234<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/02\/2022\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 25\/01\/2022\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (220) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (112) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (51%) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

The degree to which science teachers in the upper basic stage practice the skills of systemic thinking from their point of view in Ajloun Governorate<\/strong><\/p>\n

Omar Riyad Mohammed Al Qaqa’a 1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Jordanian Ministry of Education<\/p>\n

Email: omar.alqaqa12@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2022, 3(2); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj3234<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/02\/2022 Accepted at 25\/01\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

This study aimed to know the degree to which science teachers in the upper basic stage practice the skills of systemic thinking from their point of view in Ajloun Governorate in Jordan. The researcher used the descriptive survey method. The sample of the study was chosen by simple random method, as their number was (112) male and female teachers, and (51%) of the study population. The researcher used the study tool represented in the identification of systemic thinking skills applied to the study sample, and the results of the study showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the degree of practice of science teachers in the upper basic stage of systemic thinking skills due to the gender variable, qualification variable and experience variable.<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>The degree of practice, science teachers, systemic thinking skills, the upper basic stage.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 (\u0646\u0645\u0631\u060c 2021).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629: \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u060c 2017).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 ” \u0641\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 -\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627- \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \ufdfa: \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0649” <\/sup>(\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a5552)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c 2010).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c 2021) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0634\u0627\u062a\u060c 2019) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c 2018) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (27.4%)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (44.4%)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (17.7%)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (9.1%)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (1.2%) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0640\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0640\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0640\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0640\u062b \u0646\u062d\u0640\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0640\u0627\u0643 \u0636\u0640\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0640\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0640\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0640\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0640\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

1 \u2013 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646\u061f<\/p>\n

2 – \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (a=0.05) \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a)\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

    2 – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n

    – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

    – \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

    – \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

    – \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

    \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

    1 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

    2 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2021\/2022.<\/p>\n

    3 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

    4 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

    \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a).<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c 2014).<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

    <\/a>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644\u060c 2017).<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 (\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 2018).<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c 2015).<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2018) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a (2021) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0623 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647: \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 Klaus, 2004)).<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a (2019) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0629 (2003) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n