{"id":2269,"date":"2021-12-02T00:11:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T00:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=2269"},"modified":"2022-08-14T21:39:28","modified_gmt":"2022-08-14T21:39:28","slug":"2-12-7","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/2-12-7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637)"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: ansaif@uowasit.edu.iq<\/p>\n

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\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: fnafie@uowasit.edu.iq<\/p>\n

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\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Abbas.chem77@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(12); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj2127<\/p>\n

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\n

<\/a>Research title <\/strong><\/p>\n

the effect of using electronic learning on teaching levels in mathematics, physics and chemistry<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ansam Ghazi Nasif1\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/sup>Dr. Fatma Nafaa Gaafer2<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dr Abbas Fadhil Kadhim3<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> University of Wasit, Iraq.<\/p>\n

Email: ansaif@uowasit.edu.iq<\/p>\n

2 <\/sup>College of Basic Education, University of Wasit<\/p>\n

Email: fnafie@uowasit.edu.iq<\/p>\n

3 <\/sup>The General Directorate of Wasit Education \/ Azizia Education Directorate \/ Nukhb Aziziyah Intermediate School for Outstanding Students<\/p>\n

Email: Abbas.chem77@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(12); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj2127<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/12\/2021 Accepted at 10\/11\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The research aims to identify the impact of the use of e-learning on the level of mathematics, physics and chemistry teaching, through the application on mathematics, physics and chemistry teachers for the intermediate stage in Wasit Governorate. From the benefit of mathematic physics and chemistry s teachers from e-learning in teaching mathematics, physics and chemistry , it was found that there is a direct effect of using e-learning on the level of those sciences teaching for middle school students in Wasit Governorate.<\/p>\n

\n

Key Words: <\/strong>e-learning – mathematics – physics – chemistry middle school – Wasit Governorate<\/p>\n

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    \n
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    \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

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    \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n

    \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

    \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0646 ” \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637”<\/p>\n

    \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629: 2021<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n

    <\/a> \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627”. (\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c 2007).<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f (2016: 81) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645”.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u064a)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. ( \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c2013)<\/p>\n

    \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a. (Beetham, 2017. 77)<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a; \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 . (\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633\u060c 2015)<\/p>\n

    \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 Support: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a Fading: \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 “\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 “\u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 Ongoing Diagnosis or Assessment: \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647 . (\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c 2007).<\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 . (Anderson, 2017)<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 . (Alessi & Trollip,2012)<\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a Stable Supporting: \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 Adaptable Supporting: \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 . (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 2020)<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (creative researchers) \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a . (Dagdilelis, 2018, 901)<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

    \u2022 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a . (Darrow, 2019)<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
    2. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a .<\/li>\n
    3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 . (\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c 2007).<\/li>\n
    4. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 .<\/li>\n
    5. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 . (\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633\u060c 2015)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u064a)<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629. ( \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c 2019)<\/p>\n

      \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u064a)<\/p>\n

      \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. ( \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c 2009)<\/p>\n

      \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u064a)<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645. ( \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c 2019)<\/p>\n

      \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u064a)<\/p>\n

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      <\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/p>\n

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